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Text and translation
English translation
1024. It was reported from Ibn 'Ajlan, from Zaid bin Aslam, from 'Aṭā' bin Yaṣār, from Abū Sa'eed Al-Khudrī, that he said that the Messenger of Allāh ﷺ said: "If one of you is doubtful in his prayer
(regarding the number of Rak'ahs he has prayed), let him throw away the doubt, and build upon what is certain. Then, when he is certain that he has completed (the prayer), let him prostrate twice. So if his prayer had been complete, this (extra) Rak'ah will be counted as voluntary, and so will the two prostrations. And if his prayer had been deficient, then the Rak'ah will have made his prayer complete, and the two prostrations will infuriate (and humiliate) the Shaitān.” (Ṣaḥīḥ)
Abū Dāwūd said: Hishām bin Sa’d and Muḥammad bin Muṭarṛif reported it from Zaid, from ‘Aṭā’ bin Yasār, from Abū Sa’eed ‘Al-Khudrī, from the Prophet ﷺ. The narration of Abū Khālid (above) is more detailed.
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Commentary
In case of doubt, one should act upon whatever is certain. For example, if one is not sure how many Rak'ahs he has performed, two or three and four or five, he should take the lesser number as the basis: two in the former case and four in the latter case. Basing on this calculation, he should proceed to perform the remaining Rak'ahs and complete his prayer.
