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Sunan Abi Dawud

Hadith 930

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Sunan Abi Dawud · Hadith 930

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Responding To The One Who Has Sneezed In The Prayer

English source

Darussalam · Volume 1

2. THE BOOK OFAṢ-ṢALĀT (THE PRAYER)

Sunan Abi Dawud Darussalam English translation

Arabic source
Shamela Arabic edition (opens in a new tab)

الحديث: 930 ¦ الجزء: 1 ¦ الصفحة: 244

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Text and translation

English translation

930. Muʿāwiyah bin Al-Ḥakam As-Sulamī narrated: “I once prayed with the Messenger of Allāh ﷺ, and a person among us sneezed. I (responded) by saying: ‘Yarhamuk Allāh (Allāh have mercy on you).’ The people started glaring at me, so I said: ‘May my mother lose me! What is the matter that you are staring at me?' So they began hitting their thighs with their hands, and I realized that they were telling me to remain silent" — 'Uthmān (one of the narrators) said: "So when I saw that they were telling me to remain silent, I became quiet." — "When the Messenger of Allāh ﷺ finished the prayer, then — may my mother and father be given in ransom for him — he did not hit me, nor was he harsh with me, nor did he curse me; rather, he said: 'This prayer (that we pray) — it is not permissible to speak in it the speech of men. Rather, it is for praising Allāh, glorifying him, and reciting the Qur'ān,' or as said by the Messenger of Allāh. I said: 'O Messenger of Allāh! We are a people who have just recently left Jahiliyyah, and some of us go to fortune-tellers.' So he responded: 'Do not go to them.' I said: 'And some of us seek omens.' He replied: 'That is (only) something that you find in your hearts, so let it not prevent you.' I said: 'And some of us (seek omens) through Khatt.' He replied: 'One of the Prophets used to do so as well, so whoever is in accordance with his Khatt, then it is so.'[1] I said: '(I have) a slave-girl that used to shepherd some sheep of mine towards (the mountains of) Uḥud and Al-Jawwāniyyah. When she climbed a mount, she saw that a wolf had taken away a sheep of hers — and I am of the sons of Ādam, and become angry as they become angry, so I slapped her.' I (saw that) this (act of mine) was considered very severe by the Messenger of Allāh ﷺ, so I said: 'Should I not free her?' He said: 'Bring her to me.' So I brought her to him. He said (to her): 'Where is Allāh?' She replied: 'Above the skies.' He said: 'Who am I?' She replied: 'You are the Messenger of Allāh.' The Prophet ﷺ said: 'Free her, for she is a believer.'" (Saḥīḥ)

Arabic text

930 - حَدَّثَنَا مُسَدَّدٌ، حَدَّثَنَا يَحْيَى، ح وحَدَّثَنَا عُثْمَانُ بْنُ أَبِي شَيْبَةَ، حَدَّثَنَا إِسْمَاعِيلُ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ، الْمَعْنَى، عَنْ حَجَّاجٍ الصَّوَّافِ، حَدَّثَنِي يَحْيَى بْنُ أَبِي كَثِيرٍ، عَنْ هِلَالِ بْنِ أَبِي مَيْمُونَةَ، عَنْ عَطَاءِ بْنِ يَسَارٍ، عَنْ مُعَاوِيَةَ بْنِ الْحَكَمِ السُّلَمِيِّ، قَالَ: صَلَّيْتُ مَعَ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ، فَعَطَسَ رَجُلٌ مِنَ الْقَوْمِ، فَقُلْتُ: يَرْحَمُكَ اللَّهُ، فَرَمَانِي الْقَوْمُ بِأَبْصَارِهِمْ، فَقُلْتُ: وَاثُكْلَ أُمِّيَاهُ، مَا شَأْنُكُمْ تَنْظُرُونَ إِلَيَّ؟ فَجَعَلُوا يَضْرِبُونَ بِأَيْدِيهِمْ عَلَى أَفْخَاذِهِمْ، فَعَرَفْتُ أَنَّهُمْ يُصَمِّتُونِي - فَقَالَ عُثْمَانُ: فَلَمَّا رَأَيْتُهُمْ يُسَكِّتُونِي لَكِنِّي سَكَتُّ - قَالَ: فَلَمَّا صَلَّى رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ، بِأَبِي وَأُمِّي مَا ضَرَبَنِي، وَلَا كَهَرَنِي، وَلَا سَبَّنِي، ثُمَّ قَالَ: «إِنَّ هَذِهِ الصَّلَاةَ لَا يَحِلُّ فِيهَا شَيْءٌ مِنْ كَلَامِ النَّاسِ هَذَا، إِنَّمَا هُوَ التَّسْبِيحُ وَالتَّكْبِيرُ وَقِرَاءَةُ الْقُرْآنِ» أَوْ كَمَا قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ. قُلْتُ: يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ، إِنَّا قَوْمٌ حَدِيثُ عَهْدٍ بِجَاهِلِيَّةٍ، وَقَدْ جَاءَنَا اللَّهُ بِالْإِسْلَامِ، وَمِنَّا رِجَالٌ يَأْتُونَ الْكُهَّانَ، قَالَ: «فَلَا تَأْتِهِمْ»، قَالَ: قُلْتُ: وَمِنَّا رِجَالٌ يَتَطَيَّرُونَ، قَالَ: «ذَاكَ شَيْءٌ يَجِدُونَهُ فِي صُدُورِهِمْ، فَلَا يَصُدُّهُمْ»، قُلْتُ: وَمِنَّا رِجَالٌ يَخُطُّونَ، قَالَ: «كَانَ نَبِيٌّ مِنَ الْأَنْبِيَاءِ يَخُطُّ، فَمَنْ وَافَقَ خَطَّهُ فَذَاكَ» قَالَ: قُلْتُ: جَارِيَةٌ لِي كَانَتْ تَرْعَى غُنَيْمَاتٍ قِبَلَ أُحُدٍ، وَالْجَوَّانِيَّةِ، إِذِ اطَّلَعْتُ عَلَيْهَا اطِّلَاعَةً، فَإِذَا الذِّئْبُ قَدْ ذَهَبَ بِشَاةٍ مِنْهَا، وَأَنَا مِنْ بَنِي آدَمَ، آسَفُ كَمَا يَأْسَفُونَ، لَكِنِّي صَكَكْتُهَا صَكَّةً، فَعَظُمَ ذَاكَ عَلَى رَسُولِ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ، فَقُلْتُ: أَفَلَا أُعْتِقُهَا؟ قَالَ: «ائْتِنِي بِهَا»، قَالَ: فَجِئْتُهُ بِهَا، فَقَالَ: «أَيْنَ اللَّهُ؟»، قَالَتْ: فِي السَّمَاءِ، قَالَ: «مَنْ أَنَا؟» قَالَتْ: أَنْتَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ، قَالَ: «أَعْتِقْهَا فَإِنَّهَا مُؤْمِنَةٌ»

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Footnotes

  1. 1

    [1] That is, “I think he attributed it to the Prophet ﷺ” and it appears to be Muʿāwiyah bin Hishām speaking, and the meaning is that he thinks that Sufyān — from whom he heard it — narrated it in Marfū form. While the previous narration was from ‘Abdur-Raḥmān bin Mahdī and he did not indicate any doubt that it was Marfū.

  2. 1

    [1] The meaning of Khatt is a line or a figure, and it indicates drawing lines and figures in the sand or other than that, in order to seek a sign. An-Nawawī commented that the narration informs of that which it is not possible for one to attain — that is, whether or not his practice of this will coincide with the method of the previous Prophet that was mentioned, and therefore it is not for the worshiper of Allāh to attempt, since the Messenger ﷺ did not inform of the method employed by the previous Prophet. And Allāh knows best. See the commentary on Ṣaḥīḥ Muslim by An-Nawawī.