Sunan Abi Dawud

Hadith 2879

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Sunan Abi Dawud · Hadith 2879

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What Has Been Related About A Man Who Institutes An Endowment

English source

Darussalam · Volume 3

17. The Book Of Wills

Sunan Abi Dawud Darussalam English translation

Arabic source
Shamela Arabic edition (opens in a new tab)

الحديث: 2879 ¦ الجزء: 3 ¦ الصفحة: 117

DarussalamHasanAl-AlbaniSahihAl-Albani(قلت: هذه وجادة ثبتت من طريق جيدة)
Al-Albani source references (2)
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Text and translation

English translation

2879. It was narrated from Yaḥyā bin Sa‘eed, regarding the endowment of ‘Umar bin Al-Khaṭṭāb, he said: “‘Abdul-Ḥamīd bin ‘Abdullāh bin ‘Abdullāh bin ‘Umar bin Al-Khaṭṭāb copied it (the document) for me: ‘In the Name of Allāh, Most Gracious, Most Merciful. This is what the worshiper of Allāh, ‘Umar, has written about Thamgh.’” He narrated in the report similar to the Hadīth of Nāfi’ (no. 2878). He added: “Without amassing wealth, whatever surplus there is from its fruits, then it is for the beggars and the deprived ones.” He said: “And he cited the narration. He said: ‘If the administrator of Thamgh wishes to buy a slave from its fruits for the work then he may do so.’ It was written by Mu‘aiqīb and witnessed by ‘Abdullāh bin Al-Arqam. In the Name of Allāh, Most Gracious, Most Merciful. This is what has been directed by the worshiper of Allāh, ‘Umar, the Commander of the Believers, if anything happens to him, then Thamgh, Ṣirmah bin Al-Akwa’, and the slave who is there, and the hundred shares which are in (the land of) Khaibar, the slave who is there, and the hundred shares which Muḥammad ﷺ donated to him in the valley, will remain in the custody of Ḥafṣah during her lifetime, then will go in the custody of a man of insight from her family. These will neither be sold, nor purchased. It (the produce) will be spent on where he sees it is appropriate, for the beggars, the deprived ones, and those near kindred. There is no harm for the one administering to eat, feed, and buy a slave from it.”” (Hasan)

Arabic text

2879 - حَدَّثَنَا سُلَيْمَانُ بِنُ دَاوُدَ الْمَهْرِيُّ، حَدَّثَنَا ابْنُ وَهْبٍ، أَخْبَرَنِي اللَّيْثُ، عَنْ يَحْيَى بْنِ سَعِيدٍ، " عَنْ صَدَقَةِ عُمَرَ بْنِ الْخَطَّابِ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ قَالَ: نَسَخَهَا لِي عَبْدُ الْحَمِيدِ بْنُ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ عُمَرَ بْنِ الْخَطَّابِ: بِسْمِ اللَّهِ الرَّحْمَنِ الرَّحِيمِ، هَذَا مَا كَتَبَ عَبْدُ اللَّهِ عُمَرُ فِي ثَمْغٍ، فَقَصَّ مِنْ خَبَرِهِ نَحْوَ حَدِيثِ نَافِعٍ، قَالَ: «غَيْرَ مُتَأَثِّلٍ مَالًا، فَمَا عَفَا عَنْهُ مِنْ ثَمَرِهِ فَهُوَ لِلسَّائِلِ وَالْمَحْرُومِ». قَالَ: وَسَاقَ الْقِصَّةَ قَالَ: وَإِنْ شَاءَ وَلِيُّ ثَمْغٍ اشْتَرَى مِنْ ثَمَرِهِ رَقِيقًا لِعَمَلِهِ. وَكَتَبَ مُعَيْقِيبٌ، وَشَهِدَ عَبْدُ اللَّهِ بْنُ الْأَرْقَمِ: بِسْمِ اللَّهِ الرَّحْمَنِ الرَّحِيمِ هَذَا مَا أَوْصَى بِهِ عَبْدُ اللَّهِ عُمَرُ أَمِيرُ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ إِنْ حَدَثَ بِهِ حَدَثٌ أَنَّ ثَمْغًا وَصِرْمَةَ بْنِ الْأَكْوَعِ وَالْعَبْدَ الَّذِي فِيهِ وَالْمِائَةَ سَهْمٍ الَّتِي بِخَيْبَرَ وَرَقِيقَهُ الَّذِي فِيهِ، وَالْمِائَةَ الَّتِي أَطْعَمَهُ مُحَمَّدٌ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ بِالْوَادِي تَلِيهِ حَفْصَةُ مَا عَاشَتْ، ثُمَّ يَلِيهِ ذُو الرَّأْيِ مِنْ أَهْلِهَا أَنْ لَا يُبَاعَ وَلَا يُشْتَرَى يُنْفِقُهُ حَيْثُ رَأَى مِنَ السَّائِلِ وَالْمَحْرُومِ وَذَوِي الْقُرْبَى، وَلَا حَرَجَ عَلَى مَنْ وَلِيَهُ إِنْ أَكَلَ أَوْ آكَلَ أَوِ اشْتَرَى رَقِيقًا مِنْهُ "

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Footnotes

  1. 1

    [1] That is, ‘Abdullāh bin ‘Awn narrated it to Muḥammad bin Ṣirīn, and he said this. See Al-Bukhārī no. 2737, Muslim no. 4224, and At-Tirmidhī no. 1375.

Commentary

The standard definition of Waaf (endowment or trust), is something or some property that is kept in tact, and the income accrued from it is given in charity. In all cases of Waaf, the conditions imposed on the property as well as on the administrator have to be clearly stipulated. A person allotting a high-yielding property as a Waaf, so that even after his death, the expenditures concerned continue to benefit by it, is an act of great virtue, since Allāh says in the Qur’ān: “By no means shall you attain righteousness (and reward from Allāh) unless you spend (in His cause) of that which you love.” (Āl ‘Imrān 3:92) The administrator of the trust has the right to spend, within the accepted norms for himself in his work for the Waaf, and his guests, from its income. The will, as well as the trust deed, must be in the form of a written document, with signatures of witnesses affixed to it, so as to obviate the possibility of misappropriation and waste in it.