Darussalam · Volume 3
19. The Book Of Kharāj, Fai'And Imārah (Leadership)Sunan Abi Dawud Darussalam English translation
الحديث: 2933 ¦ الجزء: 3 ¦ الصفحة: 131
Source no. 2933 · Volume 1 · Page 2
Da‘if
ضعيف // ضعيف الجامع الصغير (١٠٥٥) ، المشكاة (٣٧٠٢) //
Source no. 509 · Volume 2 · Page 409
Da‘if chain
(قلت: إسناده ضعيف؛ لضعف صالح، وعدم ثبوت سماعه من جده)
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2933. It was reported from Ṣāliḥ bin Yaḥyā bin Al-Miqdām, from his grandfather Al-Miqdām bin Ma'dikarib, that the Messenger of Allāh ﷺ struck upon his shoulder, and then said: "You will be successful O Qudaim! If you die without being an Amīr, nor secretary, or an 'Arif.'" (Da'if)
2933 - حَدَّثَنَا عَمْرُو بْنُ عُثْمَانَ، حَدَّثَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ حَرْبٍ، عَنْ أَبِي سَلَمَةَ سُلَيْمَانَ بْنِ سُلَيْمٍ، عَنْ يَحْيَى بْنِ جَابِرٍ، عَنْ صَالِحِ بْنِ يَحْيَى بْنِ الْمِقْدَامِ، عَنْ جَدِّهِ الْمِقْدَامِ بْنِ مَعْدِي كَرِبَ، أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ ضَرَبَ عَلَى مَنْكِبِهِ، ثُمَّ قَالَ لَهُ: «أَفْلَحْتَ يَا قُدَيْمُ إِنْ مُتَّ وَلَمْ تَكُنْ أَمِيرًا، وَلَا كَاتِبًا وَلَا عَرِيفًا»
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[1] It is plural for 'Arīf, and the 'Arīf is the one that informs the leader of matters related to the people and governs them for the leader.
The Messenger of Allāh ﷺ and the Caliphs that followed him, had adopted various methods for the management and representation of different sections of the society. Sometimes, the responsibility of educating the new Muslims on religious lines was entrusted to these representatives. At times, representatives or chiefs of the previous dispensations were retained on their posts with new directives. At other times, people from groups already trained were either deputed for the purpose, or they were sent just to train the new entrants to Islam, and came back after doing their task.