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Sahih al-Bukhari

Hadith 3142

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Sahih al-Bukhari · Hadith 3142

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Not taking the Khumus from the spoils of a killed infidel.

English source

Darussalam · Volume 4

57 - THE BOOK OF THE OBLIGATIONS OF KHUMUS

Sahih al-Bukhari Darussalam English translation

Arabic source
Shamela Arabic edition (opens in a new tab)

الحديث: 3142 ¦ الجزء: 4 ¦ الصفحة: 92

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Text and translation

English translation

3142. Narrated Abū Qatāda رضي الله عنه: We set out in the company of Allāh's Messenger ﷺ on the day (of the battle) of Hunain. When we faced the enemy, the Muslims retreated and I saw a Mushrik(2) throwing himself over a Muslim. I turned round and came upon him from behind and hit him on his shoulder with the sword. He (i.e., Al-Mushrik) came towards me and seized me so violently that I felt as if it were death itself, but death overtook him and he released me. I followed 'Umar bin Al-Khaṭṭāb and asked (him), "What is wrong with the people (fleeing)" He replied, "This is the Will of Allāh." After the people returned, the Prophet ﷺ sat and said, "Anyone who has killed an enemy and has a proof of that, will possess his spoils." I got up and said, "Who will be a witness for me?" and then sat down. The Prophet ﷺ again said, "Anyone who has killed an enemy and has proof of that, will possess his spoils." I (again) got up and said, "Who will be a witness for me?" and sat down. Then the Prophet ﷺ said the same for the third time. I again got up, and Allāh's Messenger ﷺ said, "O Abū Qatāda! What is your story?" Then I narrated the whole story to him. A man (got up and) said, "O Allāh's Messenger! He is speaking the truth, and the spoils of the killed man are with me. So, please compensate him on my behalf." On that Abū Bakr Aṣ-Ṣiddīq said, "No, by Allāh, he (i.e., Allāh's Messenger ﷺ) will not agree to give you the spoils gained by one of Allāh's Lions who fights on behalf of Allāh and His Messenger." The Prophet ﷺ said, "Abū Bakr has spoken the truth." So, Allāh's Messenger ﷺ gave the spoils to me. I sold that armour (i.e., the spoils) and with its price I bought a garden at Banī Salīma, and this was my first property which I gained after my conversion to Islām.

Arabic text

3142 - حَدَّثَنَا عَبْدُ اللَّهِ بْنُ مَسْلَمَةَ، عَنْ مَالِكٍ، عَنْ يَحْيَى بْنِ سَعِيدٍ، عَنِ ابْنِ أَفْلَحَ، عَنْ أَبِي مُحَمَّدٍ، مَوْلَى أَبِي قَتَادَةَ، عَنْ أَبِي قَتَادَةَ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ، قَالَ: خَرَجْنَا مَعَ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ عَامَ حُنَيْنٍ، فَلَمَّا التَقَيْنَا كَانَتْ لِلْمُسْلِمِينَ جَوْلَةٌ، فَرَأَيْتُ رَجُلًا مِنَ المُشْرِكِينَ عَلاَ رَجُلًا مِنَ المُسْلِمِينَ، فَاسْتَدَرْتُ حَتَّى أَتَيْتُهُ مِنْ وَرَائِهِ حَتَّى ضَرَبْتُهُ بِالسَّيْفِ عَلَى حَبْلِ عَاتِقِهِ، فَأَقْبَلَ عَلَيَّ فَضَمَّنِي ضَمَّةً وَجَدْتُ مِنْهَا رِيحَ المَوْتِ، ثُمَّ أَدْرَكَهُ المَوْتُ، فَأَرْسَلَنِي، فَلَحِقْتُ عُمَرَ بْنَ الخَطَّابِ فَقُلْتُ: مَا بَالُ النَّاسِ؟ قَالَ: أَمْرُ اللَّهِ، ثُمَّ إِنَّ النَّاسَ رَجَعُوا، وَجَلَسَ النَّبِيُّ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ فَقَالَ: «مَنْ قَتَلَ قَتِيلًا لَهُ عَلَيْهِ بَيِّنَةٌ فَلَهُ سَلَبُهُ»، فَقُمْتُ فَقُلْتُ: مَنْ يَشْهَدُ لِي، ثُمَّ جَلَسْتُ، ثُمَّ قَالَ: «مَنْ قَتَلَ قَتِيلًا لَهُ عَلَيْهِ بَيِّنَةٌ فَلَهُ سَلَبُهُ»، فَقُمْتُ فَقُلْتُ: مَنْ يَشْهَدُ لِي، ثُمَّ جَلَسْتُ، ثُمَّ قَالَ الثَّالِثَةَ مِثْلَهُ، فَقُمْتُ، فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ: «مَا لَكَ يَا أَبَا قَتَادَةَ؟»، فَاقْتَصَصْتُ عَلَيْهِ القِصَّةَ، فَقَالَ رَجُلٌ: صَدَقَ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ، وَسَلَبُهُ عِنْدِي فَأَرْضِهِ عَنِّي، فَقَالَ أَبُو بَكْرٍ الصِّدِّيقُ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ: لاَهَا اللَّهِ، إِذًا لاَ يَعْمِدُ إِلَى أَسَدٍ مِنْ أُسْدِ اللَّهِ، يُقَاتِلُ عَنِ اللَّهِ وَرَسُولِهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ، يُعْطِيكَ سَلَبَهُ، فَقَالَ النَّبِيُّ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ: «صَدَقَ»، فَأَعْطَاهُ، فَبِعْتُ الدِّرْعَ، فَابْتَعْتُ بِهِ مَخْرَفًا فِي بَنِي سَلِمَةَ، فَإِنَّهُ لَأَوَّلُ مَالٍ تَأَثَّلْتُهُ فِي الإِسْلاَمِ

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Footnotes

  1. 1

    (1) (H. 3141) The Prophet ﷺ noticed that the sword of Ibn Al-Jamuh had been driven deep in the body of the killed man. This Hadith shows also that the ruler has the right to assign the spoils of the killed enemies to whomever he likes.

  2. 2

    (2) (H. 3142) Al-Mushrik: A polytheist, pagan, idolater, disbeliever in the Oneness of Allāh and His Messenger Muhammad ﷺ.