Hadith 4531

"And those of you who die and leave wives behind them, they (the wives) shall wait (as regards their marriage) for four months and ten days. Then when they have fulfilled their term, there is no sin on you if they (the wives) dispose of themselves in a just and honourable manner (i.e., they can marry). And Allāh is Well-Acquainted with what you do." (V.2:234)

English source

Darussalam · Volume 6

65 - THE BOOK OF COMMENTARY:(Interpretation of the Qur'an)

Sahih al-Bukhari Darussalam English translation

Arabic source

Shamela Arabic edition

الحديث: 4531 ¦ الجزء: 6 ¦ الصفحة: 29

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English translation

4531. Narrated Mujāhid (regarding the Verse): "And those of you who die and leave wives behind them..." (V.2:234) The widow, according to this Verse, was to spend this period of waiting with her husband's family, so Allāh revealed: "And those of you who die and leave behind wives (i.e., widows) should bequeath for their wives a year's maintenance and residence without turning them out, but if they (wives) leave, there is no sin on you for that which they do with themselves, provided it is honourable (e.g. lawful marriage)..." (V.2:240) So Allāh تعالى entitled the widow to be bequeathed extra maintenance for seven months and twenty nights, and that is the completion of one year. If she wished she could stay (in her husband's home) according to the will, and she could leave it if she wished, as Allāh says: “...Without turning them out, but if they (wives) leave, there is no sin on you...” So the Idda (i.e., four months ten days as it) is obligatory for her. ‘Aṭā said: Ibn ‘Abbās said, “This Verse, i.e., the Statement of Allāh تعالى: “...Without turning them out...” cancelled the obligation of staying for the waiting period in her dead husband’s house, and she can complete this period wherever she likes.” ‘Aṭā’ said, “If she wished, she could complete her Idda by staying in her dead husband’s residence according to the will or leave it according to Allāh’s Statement: “...There is no sin on you for that which they do with themselves...” ‘Aṭā’ added, “Later the regulations of inheritance came and abrogated the order of the dwelling of the widow (in her dead husband’s house), so she could complete the Idda wherever she likes. And it was no longer necessary to provide her with a residence. Ibn ‘Abbās said, “This Verse abrogated her (i.e., widow’s) dwelling in her dead husband’s house and she could complete the Idda (i.e., four months and ten days) wherever she liked, as Allāh’s Statement says: “... Without turning them out...”

Arabic text

4531 - حَدَّثَنَا إِسْحَاقُ، حَدَّثَنَا رَوْحٌ، حَدَّثَنَا شِبْلٌ، عَنِ ابْنِ أَبِي نَجِيحٍ، عَنْ مُجَاهِدٍ: {وَالَّذِينَ يُتَوَفَّوْنَ مِنْكُمْ وَيَذَرُونَ أَزْوَاجًا} [البقرة: 234] قَالَ: كَانَتْ هَذِهِ العِدَّةُ، تَعْتَدُّ عِنْدَ أَهْلِ زَوْجِهَا وَاجِبٌ، فَأَنْزَلَ اللَّهُ: {وَالَّذِينَ يُتَوَفَّوْنَ مِنْكُمْ وَيَذَرُونَ أَزْوَاجًا وَصِيَّةً لِأَزْوَاجِهِمْ مَتَاعًا إِلَى الحَوْلِ غَيْرَ إِخْرَاجٍ فَإِنْ خَرَجْنَ فَلاَ جُنَاحَ عَلَيْكُمْ فِيمَا فَعَلْنَ فِي أَنْفُسِهِنَّ مِنْ مَعْرُوفٍ} قَالَ: جَعَلَ اللَّهُ لَهَا تَمَامَ السَّنَةِ سَبْعَةَ أَشْهُرٍ وَعِشْرِينَ لَيْلَةً وَصِيَّةً، إِنْ شَاءَتْ سَكَنَتْ فِي وَصِيَّتِهَا، وَإِنْ شَاءَتْ خَرَجَتْ، وَهْوَ قَوْلُ اللَّهِ تَعَالَى: {غَيْرَ إِخْرَاجٍ فَإِنْ خَرَجْنَ فَلاَ جُنَاحَ عَلَيْكُمْ} [البقرة: 240] فَالعِدَّةُ كَمَا هِيَ وَاجِبٌ عَلَيْهَا زَعَمَ ذَلِكَ عَنْ مُجَاهِدٍ، وَقَالَ عَطَاءٌ، قَالَ ابْنُ عَبَّاسٍ: " نَسَخَتْ هَذِهِ الآيَةُ عِدَّتَهَا عِنْدَ أَهْلِهَا فَتَعْتَدُّ حَيْثُ شَاءَتْ، وَهْوَ قَوْلُ اللَّهِ تَعَالَى: {غَيْرَ إِخْرَاجٍ} [البقرة: 240] قَالَ عَطَاءٌ: " إِنْ شَاءَتْ اعْتَدَّتْ عِنْدَ أَهْلِهِ وَسَكَنَتْ فِي وَصِيَّتِهَا، وَإِنْ شَاءَتْ خَرَجَتْ، لِقَوْلِ اللَّهِ تَعَالَى: {فَلاَ جُنَاحَ عَلَيْكُمْ فِيمَا فَعَلْنَ} [البقرة: 234] " قَالَ عَطَاءٌ: «ثُمَّ جَاءَ المِيرَاثُ، فَنَسَخَ السُّكْنَى، فَتَعْتَدُّ حَيْثُ شَاءَتْ، وَلاَ سُكْنَى لَهَا» وَعَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ يُوسُفَ، حَدَّثَنَا وَرْقَاءُ، عَنْ ابْنِ أَبِي نَجِيحٍ، عَنْ مُجَاهِدٍ بِهَذَا، وَعَنْ ابْنِ أَبِي نَجِيحٍ، عَنْ عَطَاءٍ، عَنْ ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ قَالَ: " نَسَخَتْ هَذِهِ الآيَةُ عِدَّتَهَا فِي أَهْلِهَا فَتَعْتَدُّ حَيْثُ شَاءَتْ، لِقَوْلِ اللَّهِ {غَيْرَ إِخْرَاجٍ} [البقرة: 240] " نَحْوَهُ

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