English translation
3700. Narrated 'Amr bin Maimūn: I saw 'Umar bin Al-Khaṭṭāb رضي الله عنه a few days before he was stabbed in Al-Madīna. He was standing with Hudhaifa bin Al-Yamān and 'Uthmān bin Hunaif to whom he said, "What have you done? Do you think that you have imposed more taxation on the land [of As-Swad (i.e., 'Irāq)] than it can bear?" They replied, "We have imposed on it what it can bear because of its great yield." 'Umar again said, "Check whether you have imposed on the land what it can not bear." They said, "No, (we haven't)." 'Umar added, "If Allāh should keep me alive I will let the widows of 'Irāq need no men to support them after me." But only four days had elapsed when he was stabbed (to death). The day he was stabbed, I was standing and there was nobody between me and him (i.e., 'Umar) except 'Abdullāh bin 'Abbās. Whenever 'Umar passed between the two rows, he would say, "Stand in straight lines." When he saw no defect (in the rows), he would go forward and start the Ṣalāt (prayer) with Takbīr. He would recite Sūrat Yūsuf or An-Nahl or the like in the first Rak'a so that the people may have the time to join the Ṣalāt (prayer). As soon as he said Takbīr, I heard him saying, "The dog has killed or eaten me," at the time he (i.e., the murderer) stabbed him. A non-Arab infidel proceeded on, carrying a double-edged knife and stabbing all the persons he passed by on the right and left (till) he stabbed thirteen persons out of whom seven died. When one of the Muslims saw that, he threw a cloak on him. Realising that he had been captured, the non-Arab infidel killed himself. 'Umar held the hand of 'Abdur-Raḥmān bin 'Aūf and let him lead the Ṣalāt (prayer). Those who were standing by the side of 'Umar saw what I saw, but the people who were in the other parts of the mosque did not see anything, but they lost the voice of 'Umar and they were saying, "Subḥān Allāh! Subḥān Allāh!" (i.e. Glorified be Allāh)." 'Abdur-Raḥmān bin 'Aūf led the people in a short Ṣalāt (prayer). When they finished the Ṣalāt (prayer), 'Umar said, "O Ibn 'Abbās! Find out who attacked me." Ibn 'Abbās kept on looking here and there for a short time and came to say, "The slave of Al-Muḡhīra." On that 'Umar said, "The craftsman?" Ibn 'Abbās said, "Yes." 'Umar said, "May Allāh curse him. I did not treat him unjustly. All the praises and thanks be to Allāh Who has not caused me to die at the hands of a man who claims himself to be a Muslim. No doubt, you and your father (Abbās) used to love to have more non-Arab infidels in Al-Madīna." Al-'Abbās had the greatest number of slaves. Ibn 'Abbās said to 'Umar, "If you wish, we will do." He meant, "If you wish we will kill them." 'Umar said, "You are mistaken (for you can't kill them) after they have spoken your language, offered prayers towards your Qiblah, and performed Hajj like yours." Then 'Umar was carried to his house, and we went along with him, and the people were as if they had never suffered any calamity before that day. Some said, "Do not worry (he will be alright soon)." Some said, "We are afraid (that he will die).” Then an infusion of dates was brought to him and he drank it but it came out (of the wound) of his belly. Then milk was brought to him and he drank it, and it also came out of his belly. The people realised that he would die. We went to him, and the people came, praising him. A young man came saying, “O chief of the believers! Receive the glad tidings from Allāh to you due to your company with Allāh’s Messenger ﷺ and your superiority in Islām which you know. Then you became the ruler (i.e., caliph) and you ruled with justice and finally you have been martyred.” ‘Umar said, “I wish that all these privileges will counterbalance (my shortcomings) so that I will neither lose nor gain anything.” When the young man turned back to leave, his clothes seemed to be touching the ground. ‘Umar said, “Call the young man back to me.” (When he came back) ‘Umar said, “O son of my brother! Lift your clothes, for this will keep your clothes clean and save you from the punishment of your Lord.” ‘Umar further said, “O ‘Abdullāh bin ‘Umar! See how much I am in debt to others.” When the debt was checked, it amounted to approximately eighty-six thousand. ‘Umar said, “If the property of ‘Umar’s family covers the debt, then pay the debt thereof; otherwise request it from Banī ‘Adī bin Ka’b, and if that too, is not sufficient, ask for it from Quraish tribe, and do not ask for it from anyone else, and pay this debt on my behalf.” ‘Umar then said (to ‘Abdullāh), “Go to ‘Aishah (Mother of the believers) and say: ‘Umar is paying his salutation to you.’ But don’t say: chief of the believers, because today I am not chief of the believers. And say: ‘Umar bin Al-Khaṭṭāb asks the permission to be buried with his two companions (i.e., the Prophet ﷺ and Abū Bakr).” Abdullah greeted ‘Aishah and asked for the permission for entering, and then entered to her and found her sitting and weeping. He said to her, “Umar bin Al-Khaṭṭāb is paying his salutations to you, and asks the permission to be buried with his two companions.” She said, “I had the idea of having this place for myself, but today I prefer ‘Umar to myself.” When he returned it was said (to ‘Umar), “Abdullah bin ‘Umar has come.” ‘Umar said, “Make me sit up.” Somebody supported him against his body and ‘Umar asked (Abdullah), “What news do you have?” He said, “O chief of the believers! It is as you wish. She has given the permission.” ‘Umar said, “Praise be to Allāh, there was nothing more important to me than this. So when I die, take me, and greet ‘Aishah and say: “‘Umar bin Al-Khaṭṭāb asks the permission (to be buried with the Prophet ﷺ), and if she gives the permission, bury me there, and if she refuses, then take me to the graveyard of the Muslims.” Then Ḥafṣa (the Mother of the believers) came with many other women walking with her. When we saw her, we went away. She went in (to ‘Umar) and wept there for sometime. When the men asked for permission to enter, she went into another place, and we heard her weeping inside. The people said (to ‘Umar), “O chief of the believers! Appoint a successor.” ‘Umar said, “I do not find anyone more suitable for the job than the following persons, or group, whom Allāh’s Messenger ﷺ had been pleased with before he died.” Then ‘Umar mentioned ‘Ali, ‘Uthmān, Az-Zubair, Ṭalḥa, Sa’d and ‘Abdur-Raḥmān (bin ‘Aūf) and said, “Abdullah bin ‘Umar will be a witness to you, but he will have no share in the rule. His being a witness will compensate him for not sharing the right of ruling. If Sa’d becomes the ruler, it will be alright; otherwise, whoever becomes the ruler should seek his help, as I have not dismissed him because of incompetence or dishonesty." 'Umar added, "I recommend that my successor takes care of the early emigrants; to know their rights and protect their honour and sacred things. I also recommend that he be kind to the Anṣār who had lived in Al-Madīna before the emigrants and Belief had entered their hearts before them. I recommend that the (ruler) should accept the good of the righteous among them and excuse their wrongdoers, and I recommend that he should do good to all the people of the towns (Al-Anṣār), as they are the protectors of Islām and the source of wealth and the source of annoyance to the enemy. I also recommend that nothing be taken from them except from their surplus with their consent. I also recommend that he do good to the Al-Arāb (Arab bedouins), as they are the origin of the Arabs and the material of Islām. He should take from what is inferior, amongst their properties and distribute that to the poor amongst them. I also recommend him concerning Allāh's and His Messenger's protectees (i.e., Dhimmi) to fulfil their contracts and to fight for them and not to overburden them with what is beyond their ability." So when 'Umar expired, we carried him out and set out walking. 'Abdullāh bin 'Umar greeted ('Aishah) and said, " 'Umar bin Al-Khaṭṭāb asks for the permission." 'Aishah said, "Bring him in." He was brought in and buried beside his two companions. When he was buried, the group (recommended by 'Umar) held a meeting. Then 'Abdur-Raḥmān said, "Reduce the candidates for rulership to three of you." Az-Zubair said, "I give up my right to 'Ali.' Ṭalḥa said, "I give up my right to 'Uthmān," Sa'd said, "I give up my right to 'Abdur-Raḥmān bin 'Aūf." 'Abdur-Raḥmān then said (to 'Uthmān and 'Ali), "Now which of you is willing to give up his right of candidacy so that he may choose the better of the two, bearing in mind that Allāh will be his witness and so will be Islām." So both the sheikhs (i.e., 'Uthmān and 'Ali) Kept silent. 'Abdur-Raḥmān said, "Will you both leave this matter to me, and I take Allāh as my Witness that I will not choose but the better of you?" They said, "Yes." So 'Abdur-Raḥmān took the hand of one of them (i.e., 'Ali) and said, "You are related to Allāh's Messenger ﷺ and one of the earliest Muslims, as you know well. So, I ask you by Allāh to promise that if I select you as a ruler you will do justice, and if I select 'Uthmān as a ruler, you will listen to him and obey him." Then he took the other (i.e., 'Uthmān) aside and said the same to him. When 'Abdur-Raḥmān secured (their agreement to) this covenant, he said, "O 'Uthmān! Raise your hand." So he (i.e., 'Abdur-Raḥmān) gave him (i.e., 'Uthmān) the Bai'a (pledge), and then 'Ali gave him the Bai'a and then all the people of Al-Madina gave him the Bai'a.