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Text and translation
English translation
1135. It was narrated that Sâ'ib bin Yazid said: "The Messenger of Allâh ﷺ had only one Mu'adh-dhin. When he came out he would give the Adhân and when he came down (from the pulpit) he would give the Iqâmah. Abu Bakr and 'Umar did likewise, but when 'Uthmân (became caliph) the numbers of people had increased, he added the third call from atop a house in the marketplace that was called Zawrâ'. When he came out (the Mu'adh-dhin) would call the Adhân, and when he came down from the pulpit, he would call the Iqâmah. (Sahih)
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Commentary
a. 'Uthmân ﷺ introduced an additional Adhân (the first one) outside the mosque in the marketplace, with a view to attract more and more people. In our times, the Adhân called through the loudspeaker from inside the mosque can serve that purpose. As such, the Adhân from outside the mosque is no longer necessary.
b. The first Adhân is the Sunnah of the Rightly-Guided Caliphs. The Messenger of Allâh ﷺ had commanded to follow his Sunnah as well as the Sunnah of the Rightly Guided Caliphs. (Sunan Ibn Mâjah, H. 42). Thus, both methods - (i) giving a single Adhân in emulation of the Sunnah of the Prophet ﷺ, and (ii) giving two Adhân in emulation of the way of the rightly guided Caliphs
- are correct. However, to call a single Adhân in accordance with the Sunnah of the Prophet ﷺ is better. Moreover, after the widespread use of the loudspeaker and watches there is no longer any justification for the first Adhân. However, in situations where these facilities are not available, resorting to whatever is needed would be permissible.
