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Text and translation
English translation
1805. It was narrated from Ibn Shihâb, from Sâlim bin 'Abdullâh, from his father, from the Messenger of Allâh ﷺ. He (Sâlim) said: "My father read to me a letter that the Messenger of Allâh ﷺ had written about Sadaqât before Allâh caused him to pass away. I read in it: 'For forty sheep, one sheep, up to one hundred and twenty. If there is more than that — even one — then two sheep, up to two hundred. If there is one more than that — even one — then three sheep, up to three hundred. If there are many sheep, then for each hundred, one sheep.' And I read in it: 'Separate flocks should not be combined, and a combined flock should not be separated.' And I read in it: 'And a male goat should not be taken for Sadaqah, nor a decrepit nor defective animal.'"[1] (Hasan)
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Commentary
Only one goat as Zakât is due on anyone possessing between forty and one hundred and twenty goats.
Two goats as Zakât are compulsory on a flock between a hundred and twenty one, and two hundred goats.
Only three goats are due in Zakât from a flock between two hundred and one and three hundred and ninety-nine; when this number becomes a complete four hundred, then four goats will be given for Zakât.
After four hundred, one goat is given in Zakât for each hundred goats; there is no Zakât on goats which are left over after hundreds.
e. A male goat is a special goat and is kept in the flock for breeding purposes; it has such importance because of it being dearer in price to the owner. Similarly, if an old animal with defects is given to the needy; it will affect the right of the recipient because he/she will not get full benefits from it. The principle is laid so that both the payer of Zakât and the beneficiary should not lose out.
