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Text and translation
English translation
1869. It was narrated that Abu Bakr bin Abu Jahm bin Sukhair Al-'Adawi said: "I heard Fātimah bint Qais say: 'The Messenger of Allāh ﷺ said to me: "When you become lawful,[1] tell me." So I told him.' Then Mu'āwiyah, Abu Jahm bin Sukhair and Usāmah bin Zaid proposed marriage to her. The Messenger of Allāh ﷺ said: 'As for Mu'āwiyah, he is a poor man who has no money. As for Abu Jahm, he is a man who habitually beats woman. But Usāmah (is good).' She gestured with her hand, saying: 'Usāmah, Usāmah!?' The Messenger of Allāh ﷺ said to her: 'Obedience to Allāh and obedience to His Messenger is better for you.' She said: 'So I married him and I was pleased with him.'" (Sahih)
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Commentary
If concealing the defect of someone puts another Muslim at risk of loss, then the demand of sincerity is that the defect should be disclosed. This type of disclosure will not be regarded as prohibited backbiting. The criticism about the narrators of the Hadith also has the same rationale, that a rule which is not proven from the Messenger of Allāh ﷺ should not be regarded a religious rule mistakenly. Therefore this type of criticism is also allowed.
When a slave is freed, his status and position should not be less than those of other free individuals.
The interpretation of Fātimah's indication was to express the disagreement; because Zaid ؓ, the father of Usāmah, had been a slave for sometime.
