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Text and translation
English translation
2435. It was narrated from 'Abdullāh bin 'Amr that the Messenger of Allāh ﷺ said: "A debt will be settled on the Day of Resurrection if the one who owes it dies, apart from three: A man who lost his strength fighting in the cause of Allāh, so he borrows in order to become strong again to fight the enemy of Allāh and his enemy. A man who sees a Muslim die and he cannot find anything with which to shroud him except by taking a loan. A man who fears Allāh if he stays single, so he gets married for fear of (losing) his religious commitment. Allāh will pay off the debt for these people on the Day of Resurrection." (Da'if)
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Commentary
The act of pawning is to deposit something in pledge or as security or guaranty against a loan obtained, so that if the loan is not returned on time, the lender could make recovery of his money from that property.
The legitimacy of the pledge is proven in the Noble Qur'an and the Traditions of the Noble Prophet. In the Noble Qur'an there is: "And if you are on a journey and cannot find a scribe, then let there be a pledge taken (mortgaging)."[1] "Every person is a pledge for what he has earned."[2] It means he is a pledge against his deeds. This also applies to that thing which is surrendered to the lender as surety and security of his loan.
