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Text and translation
English translation
2720. It was narrated that Jābir bin 'Abdullāh said: "The wife of Sa'd bin Rabī' came with the two daughters of Sa'd to the Prophet ﷺ and said: 'O Messenger of Allāh, these are the two daughters of Sa'd. He was killed with you on the day of Uhud, and their paternal uncle has taken all that their father left behind, and a woman is only married for her wealth.' The Prophet ﷺ remained silent until the Verse of inheritance was revealed to him. Then the Messenger of Allāh ﷺ called the brother of Sa'd bin Rabī' and said: 'Give the two daughters of Sa'd two thirds of his wealth, and give his wife one eighth, and take what is left.'"
(Da'if)
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Commentary
a. The Divine law of Islam has fixed the shares of certain heirs. These heirs are called Ashābul-Furudh. After giving them their due share, the rest of the legacy is distributed among the bloodline relatives of the deceased, and these are called Asabah.
b. If someone has only one daughter, she will get half of the total legacy, if daughters are more than one, then the total legacy will be divided into three parts, and two thirds will be divided among the daughters. (An-Nisâ' 4:11)
c. If the deceased leaves behind sons and daughters among his heirs, then according to their numbers, every male will get two shares and every female one share. (An-Nisâ' 4: 11.)
d. If the deceased has no children, then one fourth of his total legacy will go to his wife, and if the deceased has children, as is mentioned in the narration, then the wife will get one eighth of the total legacy, and if there is more than one wife of the deceased, then one fourth or one eighth, according to the situation, will be distributed among the wives.
e. The brother of the deceased is one of his Asabah, therefore, after giving the shares of Ashâbul-Furudh (wife and daughters) rest will be given to him.
f. According to the event referred to in this narration, twenty-four total shares were declared, and one eighth shares were given to the wife and sixteen shares, i.e., two thirds were given to two daughters (eight shares to each daughter) and the rest of the shares, i.e., five shares were given to the brother. (Three shares were given to the wife, sixteen shares were given to two daughters, and five shares were given to the brother, totaling twenty-four shares.)
