Darussalam · Volume 4
23. The Chapters OnShares Of InheritanceSunan Ibn Majah Darussalam English translation
الحديث: 2737 ¦ الجزء: 2 ¦ الصفحة: 914
Source no. 2737 · Volume 6 · Page 237
Sahih
صحيح، الإرواء (١٧٠٠) ، تخريج المختارة (٦٨ - ٧١)
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2737. It was narrated from Abu Umâmah bin Sahl bin Hunaif that a man shot an arrow at another man and killed him, and he had no heir except a maternal uncle. Abu 'Ubaidah bin Jarrâh wrote to 'Umar about that, and 'Umar wrote back to him saying that the Prophet ﷺ said: "Allâh and His Messenger are the guardians of the one who has no guardian, and the maternal uncle is the heir of one who has no other heir." (Hasan)
2737 - حَدَّثَنَا أَبُو بَكْرِ بْنُ أَبِي شَيْبَةَ، وَعَلِيُّ بْنُ مُحَمَّدٍ قَالَا: حَدَّثَنَا وَكِيعٌ، عَنْ سُفْيَانَ، عَنْ عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ بْنِ الْحَارِثِ بْنِ عَيَّاشِ بْنِ أَبِي رَبِيعَةَ الزُّرَقِيِّ، عَنْ حَكِيمِ بْنِ حَكِيمِ بْنِ عَبَّادِ بْنِ حُنَيْفٍ الْأَنْصَارِيِّ، عَنْ أَبِي أُمَامَةَ بْنِ سَهْلِ بْنِ حُنَيْفٍ، أَنَّ رَجُلًا رَمَى رَجُلًا بِسَهْمٍ فَقَتَلَهُ، وَلَيْسَ لَهُ وَارِثٌ إِلَّا خَالٌ، فَكَتَبَ فِي ذَلِكَ أَبُو عُبَيْدَةَ بْنُ الْجَرَّاحِ إِلَى عُمَرَ، فَكَتَبَ إِلَيْهِ عُمَرُ، أَنَّ النَّبِيَّ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ قَالَ: «اللَّهُ وَرَسُولُهُ مَوْلَى مَنْ لَا مَوْلَى لَهُ، وَالْخَالُ وَارِثُ مَنْ لَا وَارِثَ لَهُ»
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The word Mawâli is used in both senses, for a freed slave and for the one who frees the slave. On the basis of this relationship, the issue has been discussed in a previous Hadith. (See Hadith no. 2732) If after the death of a freed slave, there is no one among those who freed him, the inheritance will be deposited in the public treasury as the legacy of an heirless person. There are three kind of heirs: Ashabul-Furudh: Their share has been fixed by the Qur'an and the Sunnah of the Prophet ﷺ. Asabah: Relatives other than the Ashabul-Furudh who are from the bloodline of the deceased like (uncle) the father's brother, (nephew) the brother's son, or the son of the father's brother etc. Dhul-Arhâm: Those relatives whose relationship to the deceased is through a female link, like the maternal uncle, the deceased's sister's son, the grandfather (mother's father) and grandson, (son of the daughter), etc. In the absence of Asabah, these relatives are heirs.