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English translation
3956. It was narrated that 'Abdur-Rahmân bin 'Abd Rabbil-Ka'bah said: "I came to 'Abdullâh bin 'Amr bin 'Âs when he was sitting in the shade of the Ka'bah, and the people were gathered around him, and I heard him say: 'While we were with the Messenger of Allâh on a journey, he stopped to camp and some of us were pitching tents, some were competing in shooting arrows and some were taking the animals out to graze them. Then his caller called out: "As-Salâtu Jâmi'ah (prayer is about to begin)." So we gathered, and the Messenger of Allâh ﷺ stood up and addressed
us. He said: "There has never been a Prophet before me who was not obliged to tell his nation of what he knew was good for them, and to warn against what he knew was bad for them. With regard to this nation of yours, soundness (of religious commitment) and well-being has been placed in its earlier generations and the last of them will be afflicted with calamities and things that you dislike. Then there will come tribulations which will make the earlier ones pale into insignificance, and the believer will say: 'This will be the end of me,' then relief will come. Then (more) tribulations will come and the believer will say: 'This will be the end of me,' then relief will come. Whoever would like to be taken far away from Hell and admitted to Paradise, let him die believing in Allâh and the Last Day, and let him treat people as he would like to be treated. Whoever gives his oath of allegiance to a ruler and gives a sincere promise, let him obey him as much as he can, and if another comes and challenges him, let them strike the neck (i.e., kill) the second one."
He the narrator said: "I raised my head among the people and said: 'I adjure you by Allâh, did you hear that from the Messenger of Allâh ﷺ?' He (Abdullâh bin 'Amr bin Al-Âs) pointed with his hand to his ears and said: I heard it directly from him and memorized it." (Sahih)
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Commentary
a. The core of the efforts of the Prophets was based on sincerity and well-wishing for people. So, the religious scholars also should adopt it as a starting point for their efforts.
b. Companions of the Prophet ﷺ and their true followers were on the truth, and those who opposed them were mistaken.
c. A believer realizes the afflictions, so he does not accept them, despite facing many problems.
d. During the period of afflictions, one should take all precautions to protect his faith.
e. Trying to take over the position of the ruler while a caliph is already leading an Islamic government, results in anarchy and disagreement among Muslims.
f. The influential people and authorities from the Muslim community will appoint another ruler after passing away of a caliph. Therefore, no one should attempt to takeover the position of a ruler.
g. If a ruler makes mistakes, he should be advised, as Imâm Mâlik and Ahmad bin Hanbal, ﷺ, criticized the mistakes of their rulers bitterly, but they never demanded the government.
