English translation
[4580] 52 - (1759) It was narrated from 'Aishah that Fâtimah, the daughter of the Messenger of Allâh ﷺ, sent word to Abû Bakr Aş-Siddîq, asking for her inheritance from the Messenger of Allâh ﷺ, from the booty that Allâh had granted him in Al-Madînah and Fadak, and what was left of the booty of Khaibar. Abû Bakr said: The Messenger of Allâh ﷺ said: "We (Prophets) have no heirs and whatever we leave behind is charity. Rather the family of Muḥammad may live on the income of these properties." By Allâh, I will not change any of the charity of the Messenger of Allâh ﷺ from how it was at the time of the Messenger of Allâh ﷺ, and I will do the same with it as the Messenger of Allâh ﷺ did. Abû Bakr refused to give Fâtimah anything, and Fâtimah felt angry with Abû Bakr for that, and she forsook him and did not speak to him until she died, and she lived for six months after the Messenger of Allâh ﷺ. When she died, her husband 'Alî bin Abî Tâlib buried her at night, and did not tell Abû Bakr about that, and 'Alî offered the funeral prayer for her. 'Alî was held in special esteem among the people during Fâtimah's lifetime, but when she died, 'Alî noticed a change in the people's attitude towards him. He sought to
reconcile with Abû Bakr and swear allegiance to him, as he had not sworn allegiance to him all those months. He sent word to Abû Bakr saying: Come to us and do not bring anyone else with you - objecting to the presence of 'Umar bin Al-Khaṭṭâb. 'Umar said to Abû Bakr: By Allâh, you should not enter upon them alone. Abû Bakr said: What will they do to me? By Allâh, I will go to them. So Abû Bakr entered upon them, and 'Alî bin Abî Tâlib recited the Tashah-hud, then he said: O Abû Bakr, we acknowledge your virtue and what Allâh has given you. We do not envy you for any favor that Allâh has bestowed upon you, but you did it without consulting us and we thought that we had the right (to be consulted) because of our kinship with the Messenger of Allâh ﷺ. He kept speaking to Abû Bakr until Abû Bakr's eyes filled with tears. When Abû Bakr spoke, he said: By the One in Whose Hand is my soul, kinship with the Messenger of Allâh ﷺ is dearer to me than kinship with my own people. As for this dispute that occurred between me and you concerning these properties, I have not deviated from the right path with regard to them, and I have not given up something that I saw the Messenger of Allâh ﷺ do with them, rather I have done
it too. 'Alî said to Abû Bakr: Your appointment for my oath of allegiance is this afternoon. When Abû Bakr had prayed Zuhr, he ascended the Minbar and recited the Tashah-hud, and he spoke of 'Alî and his delay in swearing allegiance, and the excuse that he had given, then he prayed for his forgiveness. And 'Alî bin Abî Tâlib recited the Tashah-hud and spoke highly of Abû Bakr, and said that what he had done was not due to jealousy of Abû Bakr, or a refusal to accept the favor that Allâh had bestowed upon him, but we thought that we should have had a share in the matter, but it had been decided without consulting us, and we were upset with that. The Muslims were pleased with this and said: You have done the right thing. Then the Muslims became closer to 'Alî, when he did the right thing.
Arabic text
٥٢ - (١٧٥٩) حَدَّثَنِي مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ رَافِعٍ. أَخْبَرَنَا حُجَيْنٌ. حَدَّثَنَا لَيْثٌ عَنْ عُقَيْلٍ، عَنِ ابْنِ شِهَابٍ، عَنْ عُرْوَةَ بْنِ الزُّبَيْرِ، عَنْ عَائِشَةَ؛ أَنَّهَا أَخْبَرَتْهُ:
أَنَّ فَاطِمَةَ بِنْتَ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ أَرْسَلَتْ إِلَى أَبِي بَكْرٍ الصِّدِّيقِ تَسْأَلُهُ مِيرَاثَهَا مِنْ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عليه وسلم. مما أفاء عَلَيْهِ بِالْمَدِينَةِ وَفَدَكٍ. وَمَا بَقِيَ مِنْ خُمْسِ خَيْبَرَ. فَقَالَ أَبُو بَكْرٍ: إِنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ قَالَ (لَا نُورَثُ مَا تَرَكْنَا صَدَقَةٌ. إِنَّمَا يَأْكُلُ آلُ مُحَمَّدٍ (صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ) فِي هَذَا الْمَالِ). وَإِنِّي وَاللَّهِ! لَا أُغَيِّرُ شَيْئًا مِنْ صَدَقَةِ رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم، عن حَالِهَا الَّتِي كَانَتْ عَلَيْهَا، فِي عَهْدِ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ. وَلَأَعْمَلَنَّ فِيهَا، بِمَا عَمِلَ بِهِ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ. فَأَبَى أَبُو بَكْرٍ أَنْ يَدْفَعَ إِلَى فَاطِمَةَ شَيْئًا. فَوَجَدَتْ فَاطِمَةُ عَلَى أَبِي بَكْرٍ فِي ذَلِكَ. قَالَ: فَهَجَرَتْهُ. فَلَمْ تُكَلِّمْهُ حَتَّى تُوُفِّيَتْ. وَعَاشَتْ بَعْدَ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ سِتَّةَ أَشْهُرٍ. فَلَمَّا تُوُفِّيَتْ دَفَنَهَا زَوْجُهَا عَلِيُّ بْنُ أَبِي طَالِبٍ لَيْلًا. وَلَمْ يُؤْذِنْ بِهَا أَبَا بَكْرٍ. وَصَلَّى عَلَيْهَا عَلِيٌّ. وَكَانَ لِعَلِيٍّ مِنَ النَّاسِ وِجْهَةٌ، حَيَاةَ فَاطِمَةَ. فَلَمَّا تُوُفِّيَتِ اسْتَنْكَرَ عَلِيٌّ وُجُوهَ النَّاسِ. فَالْتَمَسَ مُصَالَحَةَ أَبِي بَكْرٍ وَمُبَايَعَتَهُ. وَلَمْ يَكُنْ بَايَعَ تِلْكَ الْأَشْهُرَ. فَأَرْسَلَ إِلَى أَبِي بَكْرٍ: أن ائتنا. ولا يأتنا معك أحد (كرهية مَحْضَرِ عُمَرَ بْنِ الْخَطَّابِ) فَقَالَ عُمَرُ، لِأَبِي بَكْرٍ: وَاللَّهِ! لَا تَدْخُلْ عَلَيْهِمْ وَحْدَكَ. فَقَالَ أَبُو بَكْرٍ: وَمَا عَسَاهُمْ أَنْ يَفْعَلُوا بِي. إِنِّي، وَاللَّهِ! لَآتِيَنَّهُمْ. فَدَخَلَ عَلَيْهِمْ أَبُو بَكْرٍ. فَتَشَهَّدَ عَلِيُّ بْنُ أَبِي طَالِبٍ. ثُمَّ قَالَ: إِنَّا قَدْ عَرَفْنَا، يَا أَبَا بَكْرٍ! فَضِيلَتَكَ وَمَا أَعْطَاكَ اللَّهُ. وَلَمْ نَنْفَسْ عَلَيْكَ خَيْرًا سَاقَهُ اللَّهُ إِلَيْكَ. وَلَكِنَّكَ اسْتَبْدَدْتَ عَلَيْنَا بِالْأَمْرِ. وكنا نَرَى لَنَا حَقًّا لِقَرَابَتِنَا مِنْ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ. فَلَمْ يَزَلْ يُكَلِّمُ أَبَا بَكْرٍ حَتَّى فَاضَتْ عَيْنَا أَبِي بَكْرٍ. فَلَمَّا تَكَلَّمَ أَبُو بَكْرٍ قَالَ: وَالَّذِي نَفْسِي بِيَدِهِ! لَقَرَابَةُ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ أَحَبُّ إِلَيَّ أَنْ أَصِلَ مِنْ قَرَابَتِي. وَأَمَّا الَّذِي شَجَرَ بَيْنِي وَبَيْنَكُمْ مِنْ هَذِهِ الأموال، فإني لم آل فيها عَنِ الْحَقِّ. وَلَمْ أَتْرُكْ أَمْرًا رَأَيْتُ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ
يَصْنَعُهُ فِيهَا إِلَّا صَنَعْتُهُ. فَقَالَ عَلِيٌّ لِأَبِي بَكْرٍ: مَوْعِدُكَ الْعَشِيَّةُ لِلْبَيْعَةِ. فَلَمَّا صَلَّى أَبُو بَكْرٍ صَلَاةَ الظُّهْرِ. رَقِيَ عَلَى الْمِنْبَرِ. فَتَشَهَّدَ. وَذَكَرَ شَأْنَ عَلِيٍّ وَتَخَلُّفَهُ عَنِ الْبَيْعَةِ. وَعُذْرَهُ بِالَّذِي اعْتَذَرَ إِلَيْهِ. ثُمَّ اسْتَغْفَرَ. وَتَشَهَّدَ عَلِيُّ بْنُ أَبِي طَالِبٍ فَعَظَّمَ حَقَّ أَبِي بَكْرٍ. وَأَنَّهُ لَمْ يَحْمِلْهُ عَلَى الَّذِي صَنَعَ نَفَاسَةً عَلَى أَبِي بَكْرٍ. وَلَا إِنْكَارًا لِلَّذِي فَضَّلَهُ اللَّهُ بِهِ. وَلَكِنَّا كُنَّا نَرَى لَنَا فِي الْأَمْرِ نَصِيبًا. فَاسْتُبِدَّ عَلَيْنَا بِهِ. فَوَجَدْنَا فِي أَنْفُسِنَا. فَسُرَّ بِذَلِكَ الْمُسْلِمُونَ. وَقَالُوا: أَصَبْتَ. فَكَانَ الْمُسْلِمُونَ إِلَى علي قريبا، حين راجع الأمر المعروف.
