English translation
[4588] 58 - (1763) 'Umar bin Al-Khaṭṭāb said: On the day of (the battle of) Badr, the Messenger of Allāh ﷺ looked at the idolaters and saw that they numbered one thousand, whilst his Companions numbered three hundred and nineteen. The Prophet of Allāh ﷺ turned to face the Qiblah, then he stretched forth his hands and started supplicating to his Lord (saying): "O Allāh, accomplish for me what You have promised me! O
Allâh, give me what You have promised me! O Allâh, if this small band of Muslims is destroyed, You will not be worshipped on earth.” He kept calling out to his Lord, stretching out his hands and facing towards the Qiblah, until his cloak fell from his shoulders. Abû Bakr came to him, picked up his cloak and put it on his shoulders. Then he embraced him from behind and said: O Prophet of Allâh, this prayer of yours to your Lord will suffice you, for He will accomplish for you what He has promised to you. Then Allâh revealed the words: “(Remember) when you sought help of your Lord and He answered you (saying): ‘I will help you with a thousand of the angels each behind the other (following one another) in succession’” [Al-Anfâl 8:9]. And Allâh supported him by means of the angels.
Abû Zumayl said: Ibn ‘Abbâs said: Whilst a Muslim man was pursuing a Mushrik man that day, he heard the crack of a whip above him, and the sound of a rider above him, saying: Onward, Hayzûm! He looked at the Mushrik in front of him, who had fallen down on his back, and saw that he had been struck on the nose, and his face was cut as if with a whip, and it had turned green. The Anshârî came and told the Messenger of Allâh ﷺ about
that and he said: "You have spoken the truth. That is part of the reinforcements from the third heaven." And on that day they killed seventy and took seventy prisoners.
Abû Zumayl said: Ibn 'Abbâs said: When the prisoners were captured, the Messenger of Allâh ﷺ said to Abû Bakr and 'Umar: "What do you think (we should do) with these prisoners?" Abû Bakr said: O Prophet of Allâh, they are our cousins and kinsmen. I think that you should accept a ransom for them, which will strengthen us against the Kuffâr, and perhaps Allâh will guide them to Islam. The Messenger of Allâh ﷺ said: "What do you think, O son of Al-Khaṭṭâb?" I said: No, by Allâh, O Messenger of Allâh. I do not think as Abû Bakr thinks. I think that you should hand them over to us so that we may strike their necks. You should hand 'Aqîl over to 'Alî so that he may strike his neck, and you should hand over so-and-so - a relative of 'Umar's - to me so that I may strike his neck, for these are the leaders and prominent figures of Kufr. But the Messenger of Allâh ﷺ inclined towards the view of Abû Bakr, and he did not incline towards what I said. The next day, I came and found the Messenger of Allâh ﷺ and Abû Bakr sitting and weeping. I said:
O Messenger of Allâh, tell me why you and your companion are weeping. If I find it is a cause for weeping, I will weep too, and if it is not, then I will make myself weep with you. The Messenger of Allâh ﷺ said: "I am weeping because of what your companions suggested about accepting a ransom for the prisoners. I have been shown their punishment as close as this tree" - a tree that was close to the Prophet of Allâh ﷺ. Then Allâh revealed the words:
"It is not for a Prophet that he should have prisoners of war (and free them with ransom) until he had made a great slaughter (among his enemies) in the land. You desire the good of this world (i.e. the money of ransom for freeing the captives), but Allâh desires (for you) the Hereafter. And Allâh is All-Mighty, All-Wise.
Were it not a previous ordainment from Allâh, a severe torment would have touched you for what you took.
So enjoy what you have gotten of booty in war, lawful and good" [Al-Anfâl 8:67-69].
And Allâh permitted the booty to them.
Arabic text
58 - (1763) حَدَّثَنَا هَنَّادُ بْنُ السَّرِيِّ، حَدَّثَنَا ابْنُ الْمُبَارَكِ، عَنْ عِكْرِمَةَ بْنِ عَمَّارٍ، حَدَّثَنِي سِمَاكٌ الْحَنَفِيُّ، قَالَ: سَمِعْتُ ابْنَ عَبَّاسٍ، يَقُولُ: حَدَّثَنِي عُمَرُ بْنُ الْخَطَّابِ، قَالَ: لَمَّا كَانَ يَوْمُ بَدْرٍ، ح وحَدَّثَنَا زُهَيْرُ بْنُ حَرْبٍ، وَاللَّفْظُ لَهُ، حَدَّثَنَا عُمَرُ بْنُ يُونُسَ الْحَنَفِيُّ، حَدَّثَنَا عِكْرِمَةُ بْنُ عَمَّارٍ، حَدَّثَنِي أَبُو زُمَيْلٍ هُوَ سِمَاكٌ الْحَنَفِيُّ، حَدَّثَنِي عَبْدُ اللهِ بْنُ عَبَّاسٍ، قَالَ: حَدَّثَنِي عُمَرُ بْنُ الْخَطَّابِ، قَالَ: لَمَّا كَانَ يَوْمُ بَدْرٍ نَظَرَ رَسُولُ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ إِلَى الْمُشْرِكِينَ وَهُمْ أَلْفٌ، وَأَصْحَابُهُ ثَلَاثُ مِائَةٍ وَتِسْعَةَ عَشَرَ رَجُلًا، فَاسْتَقْبَلَ نَبِيُّ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ الْقِبْلَةَ، ثُمَّ مَدَّ يَدَيْهِ، فَجَعَلَ يَهْتِفُ بِرَبِّهِ: «اللهُمَّ أَنْجِزْ لِي مَا وَعَدْتَنِي، اللهُمَّ آتِ مَا وَعَدْتَنِي، اللهُمَّ إِنْ تُهْلِكْ هَذِهِ الْعِصَابَةَ مِنْ أَهْلِ الْإِسْلَامِ لَا تُعْبَدْ فِي الْأَرْضِ»، فَمَا زَالَ يَهْتِفُ بِرَبِّهِ، مَادًّا يَدَيْهِ مُسْتَقْبِلَ الْقِبْلَةِ، حَتَّى سَقَطَ رِدَاؤُهُ عَنْ مَنْكِبَيْهِ، فَأَتَاهُ أَبُو بَكْرٍ فَأَخَذَ رِدَاءَهُ، فَأَلْقَاهُ عَلَى مَنْكِبَيْهِ، ثُمَّ الْتَزَمَهُ مِنْ وَرَائِهِ، وَقَالَ: يَا نَبِيَّ اللهِ، كَفَاكَ مُنَاشَدَتُكَ رَبَّكَ، فَإِنَّهُ سَيُنْجِزُ لَكَ مَا وَعَدَكَ، فَأَنْزَلَ اللهُ عَزَّ وَجَلَّ: {إِذْ تَسْتَغِيثُونَ رَبَّكُمْ فَاسْتَجَابَ لَكُمْ أَنِّي مُمِدُّكُمْ بِأَلْفٍ مِنَ الْمَلَائِكَةِ مُرْدِفِينَ} [الأنفال: 9] فَأَمَدَّهُ اللهُ بِالْمَلَائِكَةِ، قَالَ أَبُو زُمَيْلٍ: فَحَدَّثَنِي ابْنُ عَبَّاسٍ، قَالَ: بَيْنَمَا رَجُلٌ مِنَ الْمُسْلِمِينَ يَوْمَئِذٍ يَشْتَدُّ فِي أَثَرِ رَجُلٍ مِنَ الْمُشْرِكِينَ أَمَامَهُ، إِذْ سَمِعَ ضَرْبَةً بِالسَّوْطِ فَوْقَهُ وَصَوْتَ الْفَارِسِ يَقُولُ: أَقْدِمْ حَيْزُومُ، فَنَظَرَ إِلَى الْمُشْرِكِ أَمَامَهُ فَخَرَّ مُسْتَلْقِيًا، فَنَظَرَ إِلَيْهِ فَإِذَا هُوَ قَدْ خُطِمَ أَنْفُهُ، وَشُقَّ وَجْهُهُ، كَضَرْبَةِ السَّوْطِ فَاخْضَرَّ ذَلِكَ أَجْمَعُ، فَجَاءَ الْأَنْصَارِيُّ، فَحَدَّثَ بِذَلِكَ رَسُولَ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ، فَقَالَ: «صَدَقْتَ، ذَلِكَ مِنْ مَدَدِ السَّمَاءِ الثَّالِثَةِ»، فَقَتَلُوا يَوْمَئِذٍ سَبْعِينَ، وَأَسَرُوا سَبْعِينَ، قَالَ أَبُو زُمَيْلٍ، قَالَ ابْنُ عَبَّاسٍ: فَلَمَّا أَسَرُوا الْأُسَارَى، قَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ لِأَبِي بَكْرٍ، وَعُمَرَ: «مَا تَرَوْنَ فِي هَؤُلَاءِ الْأُسَارَى؟» فَقَالَ أَبُو بَكْرٍ: يَا نَبِيَّ اللهِ، هُمْ بَنُو الْعَمِّ وَالْعَشِيرَةِ، أَرَى أَنْ تَأْخُذَ مِنْهُمْ فِدْيَةً فَتَكُونُ لَنَا قُوَّةً عَلَى الْكُفَّارِ، فَعَسَى اللهُ أَنْ يَهْدِيَهُمْ لِلْإِسْلَامِ، فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ: «مَا تَرَى يَا ابْنَ الْخَطَّابِ؟» قُلْتُ: لَا وَاللهِ يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ، مَا أَرَى الَّذِي رَأَى أَبُو بَكْرٍ، وَلَكِنِّي أَرَى أَنْ تُمَكِّنَّا فَنَضْرِبَ أَعْنَاقَهُمْ، فَتُمَكِّنَ عَلِيًّا مِنْ عَقِيلٍ فَيَضْرِبَ عُنُقَهُ، وَتُمَكِّنِّي مِنْ فُلَانٍ نَسِيبًا لِعُمَرَ، فَأَضْرِبَ عُنُقَهُ، فَإِنَّ هَؤُلَاءِ أَئِمَّةُ الْكُفْرِ وَصَنَادِيدُهَا، فَهَوِيَ رَسُولُ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ مَا قَالَ أَبُو بَكْرٍ، وَلَمْ يَهْوَ مَا قُلْتُ، فَلَمَّا كَانَ مِنَ الْغَدِ جِئْتُ، فَإِذَا رَسُولُ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ وَأَبُو بَكْرٍ قَاعِدَيْنِ يَبْكِيَانِ، قُلْتُ: يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ، أَخْبِرْنِي مِنْ أَيِّ شَيْءٍ تَبْكِي أَنْتَ وَصَاحِبُكَ؟ فَإِنْ وَجَدْتُ بُكَاءً بَكَيْتُ، وَإِنْ لَمْ أَجِدْ بُكَاءً تَبَاكَيْتُ لِبُكَائِكُمَا، فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ: " أَبْكِي لِلَّذِي عَرَضَ عَلَيَّ أَصْحَابُكَ مِنْ أَخْذِهِمِ الْفِدَاءَ، لَقَدْ عُرِضَ عَلَيَّ عَذَابُهُمْ أَدْنَى مِنْ هَذِهِ الشَّجَرَةِ - شَجَرَةٍ قَرِيبَةٍ مِنْ نَبِيِّ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ - وَأَنْزَلَ اللهُ عَزَّ وَجَلَّ: {مَا كَانَ لِنَبِيٍّ أَنْ يَكُونَ لَهُ أَسْرَى حَتَّى يُثْخِنَ فِي الْأَرْضِ} [الأنفال: 67] إِلَى قَوْلِهِ {فَكُلُوا مِمَّا غَنِمْتُمْ حَلَالًا طَيِّبًا} [الأنفال: 69] فَأَحَلَّ اللهُ الْغَنِيمَةَ لَهُمْ
