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Text and translation
English translation
4656. It was narrated that Jâbir said: "A man from Banu 'Adhrah stated that a slave of his was to be set free after he died. News of that reached the Messenger of Allâh ﷺ and he said: 'Do you have any other property besides him?' He said: 'No.' The Messenger of Allâh ﷺ said: 'Who will buy him from me?' Nu'aim bin 'Abdullâh Al-Adawî bought him for eight hundred Dirhams, which the Messenger of Allâh ﷺ brought and gave to him (the former owner). Then the Messenger of Allâh ﷺ said: 'Start with yourself and give charity to (yourself). If there is anything left over, then give it to your family; if there is anything left over from your family, then give it to your relatives; if there is anything left over from your relatives, then give it to such and such,' saying 'In front of you, to your right and to your left.'" (Sahîh)
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Commentary
1. 'Do you have any other property?' He had only one slave. He had no other estate or sums of money. He had, therefore, no right to emancipate his slave. That is why Allâh's Messenger ﷺ ruled his behavior illegal, and sold his slave.
2. Al-Mudabbar is the slave concerning whose owner declares that he will be free upon his death. Such a slave would become free no sooner than his master dies. Hence, the sale of such a slave is not permitted, because if he is sold, he would consequently be deprived of his promised freedom.
