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Text and translation
English translation
1224. Abū Hurairah narrated: "The Messenger of Allāh ﷺ prohibited Muhāqalah and Muzābanah."
[He said:] There are narrations on this topic from Ibn 'Umar, Ibn 'Abbās, Zaid bin Thābit, Sa'd, Jābir, Rāfi' bin Khadīj, and Abū Sa'eed. (Sahih)
[Abū 'Eisā said:] The Hadīth of Abū Hurairah is a Hasan Sahih Hadīth.
Muhāqalah is selling crops for wheat, and Muzābanah is selling dates that are on the date-palm for dried dates. This is acted upon according to most of the people of knowledge, they disliked sales of Muhāqalah and Muzābanah.
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Commentary
There is a difference of opinion in the explanation of 'Muhāqalah'. A) Selling of standing crops for cleaned and dry wheat. B) To give the land for cultivation on the basis of division of crop or on fixed amount of money. C) Selling of the standing crop before it is ready for reaping. 'Muzābanah' is selling of the fruits still on the trees for dried dates. Islam has prohibited both types of dealings because standing wheat crops when not yet ready for reaping, and fruits on the tree both, are not measurable or weighable. So, depending one's guess is not right, it may bring problems for one of the parties, that is why Islam has prohibited this kind of deal.
