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Text and translation
English translation
1543. Thābit bin Aḍ-Ḍaḥḥāk narrated that the Messenger of Allāh ﷺ said: "Whoever swears by a religion other than Islām while lying, then he is as he said." (Sahīh)
[Abū 'Eisā said:] This Hadīth is Hasan Sahīh.
The people of knowledge differed about this: When a man swears by
a religion other than Islam, saying he is a Jew or a Christian if he were to do this or that. Then he does that thing. Some of them said that he has committed an atrocity and there is no atonement due from him. This is the view of the people of Al-Madinah, and it is the saying of Mālik bin Anas, and Abū 'Ubayd followed this view.
Some of the people of knowledge among the Companions of the Prophet ﷺ, the Tābi'īn, as well as others, said that he has to atone for that. This is the view of Sufyān, Aḥmad and Ishāq.
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Commentary
If a Muslim swears—when taking an oath—by another religion and says if he does this he would be a Christian or a Jew, then according to this narration, he surely is one of them. But if he vows to show the severity and abomination of the deed, even then it is strictly prohibited and strongly disapproved.
