DarussalamHasanAl-Albani(حديث أبي هريرة) حسن، (حديث أم هانئ) صحيح (حديث أبي هريرة) ، المشكاة (٣٩٧٨ / التحقيق الثاني) ، (حديث أم هانئ) ، صحيح أبي داود (٢٤٦٨) ، الصحيحة (٢٠٤٩)Al-Albani source references (1)
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English translation
1579. Abū Hurairah narrated that the Prophet ﷺ said: “Indeed a woman grants (assurances of protection) to a people” – meaning it is to be honored – “from the Muslims.” (Hasan)
There is something on this topic from Umm Hāni, and this Hadīth is Hasan Gharīb. [I asked Muḥammad and he said: “This Hadīth is Ṣaḥīḥ. Kathīr bin Zaid heard from Al-Walīd bin Rabāḥ, and Al-Walīd bin Rabāḥ heard from Abū Hurairah, and he is Muqārīb (average) in Hadīth.]
(Another chain) from Umm Hānī' who said: "I granted asylum for two men among my brother-in-laws. So the Messenger of Allāh ﷺ said: 'We grant security to whomever you have granted security.'" [1]
[Abū 'Eisā said:] This Hadīth is Hasan Ṣaḥīḥ.
This is acted upon according to the people of knowledge. They permit the assurance of protection granted by a woman. This is the view of Aḥmad and Ishāq: They permitted the asylum of a woman and a slave.
It has been related [from other routes] from 'Umar bin Al-Khaṭṭāb that he permitted the asylum granted by a slave.
(One of the narrators of this last narration) Abū Murrah is the freed slave of 'Aqīl bin Abī Ṭālib – they also say that he was the freed slave of Umm Hānī' – and his name was Yazīd.
It has been related from 'Alī bin Abī Ṭālib and 'Abdullāh bin 'Amr that the Prophet ﷺ said: "The covenants of the Muslims are one, it covers the rest of them." [2]
[Abū 'Eisā said:] According to the people of knowledge, the meaning of this Hadīth is that whoever gives assurances of protection among the Muslims, then it is valid to all of them.
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Footnotes
1
[1] Part of that version appears in number 2734, and it is authentic.
2
[2] It is also authentic, and appears in number 2127.
Commentary
The meaning is that if one of the Muslims gives protection to a disbeliever, all of the Muslims are required to honor that protection. (See for details Al-Mughnī v. 13. p.75-76.)
