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Text and translation
English translation
198. Bilāl narrated: “Allāh’s Messenger ﷺ said [to me]: ‘Do not say the Tathwīb for any prayer except the Fajr prayer.’” (Ḍa‘īf)
[He said:] There is something on this topic from Abū Maḥdhūrāh.
Abū ‘Eisā said: We do not know of the Hadīth of Bilāl except as a narration of Abū Isrā‘īl Al-Mulā‘ī.
Abū Isrā‘īl did not hear this Hadīth from Al-Ḥakam bin ‘Utaibah.
He said: He only reported it from Al-Hasan bin 'Umārah, from Al-Ḥakam bin 'Utaibah.
Abū Isrā'īl's name is [Ismā'īl bin Abī Ishāq], and he is not strong according to the people of Hadīth.
The people of knowledge have differed over the interpretation of At-Tathwīb.
Some of them say that At-Tathwīb is when one says "Aṣ-Ṣalātu Khairamin An-Nawm, (prayer is better than sleep)" for the Adhān of Fajr. This is the saying of Ibn Al-Mubārak and Aḥmad.
Ishāq said something different about At-Tathwīb, he said: "[The disliked Tathwīb] is something that the people started after the Prophet ﷺ; when the Mu'adh-dhin calls the Adhān and the people are slow in coming, so between the Adhān and the Iqāmah he says: 'Qad Qāmatis-Ṣalāt, Hayya 'Alaṣ-Ṣalāt, Hayya 'Alal-Falāḥ. (Prayer is ready, come to prayer, come to success.)"
[He said:] This Tathwīb, which Ishāq mentioned, is the one that the people of knowledge dislike, which they innovated after the Prophet ﷺ.
But Ibn Al-Mubārak and Aḥmad explained that At-Tathwīb is when the Mu'adh-dhin says: "Aṣ-Ṣalātu Khairum minan-Nawm, (prayer is better than sleep)" for the Adhān of Fajr.
And this is the correct saying, and it is called At-Tathawwub as well, and this is the one chosen by the people of knowledge, and it is their opinion.
It has been reported from 'Abdullāh bin 'Umar that he would say: "Aṣ-Ṣalātu Khairum-minan-Nawm, (prayer is better than sleep)" for Fajr.
It has been reported from Mujāhid that he said: "I entered a Masjid with 'Abdullāh bin 'Umar in which the Adhān was called, and we wanted to pray in it. Then the Mu'adh-dhin said the Tathwīb. So 'Abdullāh bin 'Umar left the Masjid and said: 'Let us leave the place of this innovator; And he did not pray in it.'"
[He said:] 'Abdullāh only disliked the Tathwīb that the people invented later on.
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Footnotes
1
[1] That is, one garment that is not all red, but has some red and black patterns on it.
2
[2] It means to repeat a phrase, but here the author intended saying “As-Salātu Khairamin An-Nawm, (prayer is better than sleep)” for the Fajr prayer. (Tuhfat Al-Ahwadhī)
Commentary
It is agreed unanimously that saying "Aṣ-Ṣalātu Khairum-minan-Nawm, [prayer is better than sleep] in the Adhān for the morning prayer is Sunnah, and proven from the authentic Aḥādīh. Behold! Making aware the unaware person (about prayer) at home, in a meeting or walking on the path, or to awake a sleeping one is unanimously lawful; and none named it Tathwīb.
