What Has Been Related About Beginning With The Debt Before The Will
Darussalam · Volume 4
28. Chapters On Waṣāyā (Wills And Testaments) From The Messenger Of Allāh ﷺJami at-Tirmidhi Darussalam English translation
الجزء: 3 ¦ الصفحة: 623
Source no. 2122 · Volume 5 · Page 122
Hasan
حسن ومضى (٢١٨٩) أتم منه
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2122. Al-Hārīth narrated from 'Alī: "The Prophet ﷺ judged with the debt before the will, and you people recite the will before the debt." (Hasan) [Abū 'Eisā said:] This is acted upon according to the people of knowledge in general; the debt is to be (settled) before the will.
٢١٢٢ - حَدَّثَنَا ابْنُ أَبِي عُمَرَ، قَالَ: حَدَّثَنَا سُفْيَانُ بْنُ عُيَيْنَةَ ، عَنْ أَبِي إِسْحَاقَ الْهَمْدَانِيِّ ، عَنِ الْحَارِثِ ، عَنْ عَلِيٍّ «أَنَّ النَّبِيَّ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ قَضَى بِالدَّيْنِ قَبْلَ الْوَصِيَّةِ»، وَأَنْتُمْ تُقِرُّونَ الْوَصِيَّةَ قَبْلَ الدَّيْنِ. وَالْعَمَلُ عَلَى هَذَا عِنْدَ عَامَّةِ أَهْلِ الْعِلْمِ: أَنَّهُ يُبْدَأُ بِالدَّيْنِ قَبْلَ الْوَصِيَّةِ.
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Being meticulous about words and their lexical definition is not the best way to understand the real meaning of the Qur'an. An example of this attitude, as rightly mentioned in this Hadīth, would be to suppose that since we find the mention of the execution of the will before the (clearing of) debt, the former should precede the latter, which is a patently wrong notion.