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English translation
2158. Abū Umāmah bin Sahl bin Hunaif narrated that on the day of siege, 'Uthmān bin 'Affān stood overlooking the people, and he said: "I swear to you by Allāh! You know that the Messenger of Allāh ﷺ said: 'The blood of a Muslim man is not lawful, except for one of three (cases): Illegitimate sexual relations after Ihṣān (having been married), or apostasy after Islām, or taking a life without right, for which he is killed.' By Allāh! I have never committed illegitimate sexual relations, not during Jāhiliyyah nor during Islām, and I have not committed apostasy since I gave my pledge to the Messenger of Allāh ﷺ, and I have not taken a life that Allāh had made unlawful. So for what do you fight me?" (Saḥīḥ)
[Abū 'Eisā said:] There are narrations on this topic from Ibn Mas'ūd, 'Aishah, and Ibn 'Abbās. This Ḥadīth is Ḥasan. Hammād bin Salamah reported it from Yahya bin Sa'eed in Marfu' form. Yahya
bin Sa'eed Al-Qaṭṭān and more than one narrator reported this Ḥadīth from Yahya bin Sa'eed in Mawqūf, not Marfū' form. And this Ḥadīth has been reported through other routes from 'Uthmān from the Prophet ﷺ [in Marfū' form].
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Commentary
Islam is a religion of peace. It does not allow the spilling of blood unlawfully. It does provide for killing the person that has wrongfully killed another person. It only allows the killing of a person in cases where the Islamic Law provides for the death sentence.
