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Text and translation
English translation
718. Ibn 'Umar narrated that the Prophet ﷺ said: "Whoever died while he had a month to fast, then a needy person should be fed on his behalf in place of every day." (Ḍa'if)
Abū 'Eisā said: We do not know of the Hadīth of Ibn 'Umar except from this route. What is Ṣaḥīḥ is that it is Mawqūf from Ibn 'Umar as his saying. The people of knowledge differ on this (topic). Some of them say that one is to fast on behalf of the deceased, and it is the view of Aḥmad and Ishaq. They said when the deceased person has a fast required from a vow then one is to
fast on his behalf, and when he has to make up something from Ramaḍān, then one is to feed (a needy person) on his behalf. Mālik, Sufyān, and Ash-Shāfi'i said: "No one fasts for anyone." (He said:) Ash'ath is Ibn Sawwār. Muḥammad is Muḥammad bin 'Abdur-Raḥmān bin Abī Laila. (narrators in the chain of this Hadīth)
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Commentary
It is proven very clearly from the Hadīth of Ibn 'Abbās and 'Aishah, mentioned in Ṣaḥīḥ Muslim (Hadīth: 1147-1148) that an heir of a deceased person is allowed to fast on his behalf, and the heir actually should do so.
