Hadith 805

What Has Been Related About: Can The One Performing I'tikāf Leave For His Needs Or Not?

English source

Darussalam · Volume 2

6. The Chapters On Fasting From The Messenger of Allāh ﷺ

Jami at-Tirmidhi Darussalam English translation

Arabic source

Shamela Arabic edition

الجزء: 2 ¦ الصفحة: 157

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English translation

805. That was narrated to us by Qutaibah from Al-Laith (a similar narration as no. 804) (Sahih) This is acted upon according to the people of knowledge. When a man performs Al-I'tikaf, he is not to leave his I'tikaf except for some personal needs. They agree upon this: He goes out to relieve himself from defecation and urination. Then the people of knowledge differ about visiting the sick, attending the Friday prayer, and the funeral for the person performing I'tikaf. Some of the people of knowledge among the Companions of the Prophet ﷺ, and others, held the view that he may visit the sick, follow the funeral and attend the Friday prayer as long as he made that a condition (before entering the state of I'tikaf). This is the view of Sufyan Ath-Thawri and Ibn Al-Mubarak. Some of them said that he can not do any of that, and they thought that if a person is in a land where the Friday prayer is held, then he is not to perform I'tikaf except in the Friday prayer Masjid, because they consider it disliked for him to leave his place of I'tikāf to go to the Friday prayer. They do not think that he should miss the Friday prayer, so they said that one is not to perform I'tikāf except in the Friday prayer Masjid, so that he will have no need to leave his place of I'tikāf except to relieve himself and for his personal needs. This is because in their view, leaving it for other than his personal needs will sever his I'tikāf. This is the saying of Mālik and Ash-Shāfi'i. Ahmad said that he does not visit the sick nor follow the funeral based upon the Hadīth of 'Aishah. Ishāq said that if he makes it a condition then he can follow the funeral and visit the sick.

Arabic text

٨٠٥ - حَدَّثَنَا بِذَلِكَ ‌قُتَيْبَةُ، قَالَ: حَدَّثَنَا ‌اللَّيْثُ بْنُ سَعْدٍ ، عَنِ ‌ابْنِ شِهَابٍ ، عَنْ ‌عُرْوَةَ ‌وَعَمْرَةَ، عَنْ ‌عَائِشَةَ . وَالْعَمَلُ عَلَى هَذَا عِنْدَ أَهْلِ الْعِلْمِ؛ إِذَا اعْتَكَفَ الرَّجُلُ أَنْ لَا يَخْرُجَ مِنَ اعْتِكَافِهِ إِلَّا لِحَاجَةِ الْإِنْسَانِ، وَاجْتَمَعُوا عَلَى هَذَا؛ أَنَّهُ يَخْرُجُ لِقَضَاءِ حَاجَتِهِ لِلْغَائِطِ وَالْبَوْلِ. ثُمَّ اخْتَلَفَ أَهْلُ الْعِلْمِ فِي عِيَادَةِ الْمَرِيضِ وَشُهُودِ الْجُمُعَةِ وَالْجِنَازَةِ لِلْمُعْتَكِفِ، فَرَأَى بَعْضُ أَهْلِ الْعِلْمِ مِنْ أَصْحَابِ النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ وَغَيْرِهِمْ أَنْ يَعُودَ الْمَرِيضَ وَيُشَيِّعَ الْجِنَازَةَ وَيَشْهَدَ الْجُمُعَةَ إِذَا اشْتَرَطَ ذَلِكَ، وَهُوَ قَوْلُ سُفْيَانَ الثَّوْرِيِّ وَابْنِ الْمُبَارَكِ. وَقَالَ بَعْضُهُمْ: لَيْسَ لَهُ أَنْ يَفْعَلَ شَيْئًا مِنْ هَذَا، وَرَأَوْا لِلْمُعْتَكِفِ إِذَا كَانَ فِي مِصْرٍ يُجَمَّعُ فِيهِ أَنْ لَا يَعْتَكِفَ إِلَّا فِي مَسْجِدِ الْجَامِعِ؛ لِأَنَّهُمْ كَرِهُوا الْخُرُوجَ لَهُ مِنْ مُعْتَكَفِهِ إِلَى الْجُمُعَةِ، وَلَمْ يَرَوْا لَهُ أَنْ يَتْرُكَ الْجُمُعَةَ، فَقَالُوا: لَا يَعْتَكِفُ إِلَّا فِي مَسْجِدِ الْجَامِعِ حَتَّى لَا يَحْتَاجَ أَنْ يَخْرُجَ مِنْ مُعْتَكَفِهِ لِغَيْرِ قَضَاءِ حَاجَةِ الْإِنْسَانِ؛ لِأَنَّ خُرُوجَهُ لِغَيْرِ حَاجَةِ الْإِنْسَانِ قَطْعٌ عِنْدَهُمْ لِلِاعْتِكَافِ - هُوَ قَوْلُ مَالِكٍ وَالشَّافِعِيِّ. وَقَالَ أَحْمَدُ: لَا يَعُودُ الْمَرِيضَ وَلَا يَتْبَعُ الْجِنَازَةَ عَلَى حَدِيثِ عَائِشَةَ. وَقَالَ إِسْحَاقُ: إِنِ اشْتَرَطَ ذَلِكَ فَلَهُ أَنْ يَتْبَعَ الْجِنَازَةَ وَيَعُودَ الْمَرِيضَ.

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Commentary

If a mosque does not have the facilities, like: toilets, washing place, privacy, and facility for taking a bath due to sexual impurity, according to the consensus the person making I'tikāf is allowed to leave the mosque for these matters. If a mosque has these facilities then he is not allowed to leave the mosque.