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Text and translation
English translation
1201. 'Āishah narrated: "The Messenger of Allāh ﷺ swore Īlā' from his wives, and he made something unlawful and he made for himself unlawful what was lawful, and he made atonement for his oath." (Ḍa'if)
(He said:) There are narrations on this topic from Anas and Abū Mūsā.
(Abū 'Eisā said:) The narration of Maslamah bin 'Alqamah from Dāwūd was reported by 'Ali bin Mushir and others from Dāwūd: "From Ash-Sha'bī, that the Prophet ﷺ" which is Mursal, and it does not
contain: "From Masrūq, from 'Aishah." And this is more correct than the narration of Maslamah bin Alqamah.
Īlā' is that a man swears to not approach his wife for four months or more. The people of knowledge differ about it when the four months have passed. Some of the people of knowledge among the Companions of the Prophet ﷺ and others said that when the four months pass, it (the Īlā') ends. He either returns or he divorces. This is the view of Mālik bin Anas, Ash-Shāfi'i, Ahmad, and Ishāq.
Some of the people of knowledge among the Companions of the Prophet ﷺ and others said that when the four months pass she is irrevocably divorced. This is the view of (Sufyān) Ath-Thawrī and the people of Al-Kūfah.
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Footnotes
1
[1] When a man vows to abandon intercourse with his wife.
Commentary
Why the Messenger of Allāh ﷺ swore 'Īlā' from his wives. There are various reasons and statements about it. a) Events related to the honey. Prohibiting himself from eating honey. b) Incident of Mariya Qabtiyah. c) Demand of increase in spending and housing. d) Issue of the Caliphate of Abū Bakr and 'Umar.
