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Text and translation
English translation
1530. Abū Hurairah narrated that the Prophet ﷺ said: "Whoever takes an oath, and then he sees that something else is better than it, then he should make atonement for his oath and then do it." (Ṣaḥīḥ)
[He said:] There are narrations on this topic from Umm Salamah.
[Abū 'Eisā said:] The Ḥadīth of Abū Hurairah is a Ḥasan Ṣaḥīḥ Ḥadīth. This is acted upon according to most of the people of knowledge among the Companions of the Prophet ﷺ and others: Atonement before the violation is acceptable. This is the view of Mālik [bin Anas], Ash-Shāfi'i, Ahmad and Ishāq.
Some of the people of knowledge said that there is no atonement
until after the violation. Sufyān Ath-Thawrī said: "If he atones after the violation it is better to me, and if he atones before the violation it is acceptable."
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Commentary
It is agreed upon that the payment of expiation is an obligation after breaking the oath because it is not an obligation before breaking it. There is a difference of opinion over the question. Can it be paid before breaking an oath? Most of the scholars support this, but it is better if the expiation is paid after breaking an oath.
