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Text and translation
English translation
2607. Abū Hurairah said: "When the Messenger of Allāh ﷺ died and Abū Bakr became the Khalifah after him, whoever disbelieved from the Arabs disbelieved, so 'Umar bin Al-Khaṭṭāb said to Abū Bakr: 'How will you fight the people while the Messenger of Allāh has said: 'I have been ordered to fight the people until they say Lā Ilāha Illallāh, and if they say that, then their blood and wealth will be protected from me, except what it makes obligatory upon them, and their reckoning is up to Allāh?'" So Abū Bakr said: 'By Allāh I will fight whoever differentiates between Ṣalāt and Zakāt. For indeed, Zakāt is the right due upon wealth. And by Allāh! If they withhold even (camel) tethers which they used to give to the Messenger of Allāh ﷺ I will fight them for withholding it.' So 'Umar bin Al-Khaṭṭāb said: 'By Allāh! I saw that Allāh had opened Abū Bakr's chest to fighting, so I knew that it was correct.'" (Ṣaḥīḥ)
[Abū 'Eisā said:] This Hadīth is Ḥasan Ṣaḥīḥ.
Shu'āib bin Abū Hamzah reported it similarly from Az-Zuhri, from 'Ubaidullāh bin 'Abdullāh bin 'Utbah from Abū Hurairah. 'Imrān Al-Qaṭṭān reported this Hadīth from Ma'mar from Az-Zuhri, from Anas bin Mālik, from Abū Bakr, but this narration is mistaken; 'Imrān has been contradicted in narrating from Ma'mar.
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Commentary
After the demise of the Noble Prophet ﷺ, three types of people appeared among the tribes from Al-Madinah.
1. Those who became apostates and believed in a new false prophet or deviated from Islam and returned to the time of pre-Islamic era and waited for the Muslims way of life and strategies after the Prophet's demise.
2. Some remained on Tawhīd (the Oneness of Allāh) and on regular prayers but they denied the obligation of Zakāt.
3. Some maintained Tawhīd, regular prayers and Zakāt but they denied paying Zakāt to the Caliph. There was no disagreement in fighting against the apostates, as the first two groups were disbelievers, therefore collectively they all were called disbelievers.
