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Text and translation
English translation
3609. Abū Hurairah narrated: "They said: 'O Messenger of Allāh! When was the Prophethood established for you?' He said: 'While Ādam was between (being) soul and body.'" (Ṣaḥīḥ)
[Abū 'Eisā said:] This Ḥadīth is Ḥasan Ṣaḥīḥ Gharīb as a narration of Abū Hurairah, we do not know if it except through this route.
[And there is a narration on this topic from Maisarah Al-Fajr.]
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Commentary
The whole creation of Allāh ﷻ including man, everything, had been written in the "Guarded Tablet" before the creation of the Universe. The creation of Ādam was much later than the creation of the Universe. The period of the Prophet's Prophethood in the cycle of time, and he being the last of the Prophets had been written much before.