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Text and translation
English translation
667. 'Abdullāh bin Buraidah narrated from his father: "I was sitting with the Prophet ﷺ when a woman came to him and said: 'O Messenger of Allāh! I gave a slave girl to my mother in charity and she died.' He said: 'Your reward is already established, and your right to inherit her has returned it (that Sadaqah) to you.' She said: 'O Messenger of Allāh! There was a month of fasting due on her, shall I perform the fast for her?' He said: 'Fast on her behalf.' She said: 'O Messenger of Allāh! She never performed Hajj, shall I perform Hajj for her?' He said: 'Yes, perform Hajj on her behalf.'" (Ṣaḥīḥ)
Abū 'Eisā said: This Hadīth is Ḥasan Ṣaḥīḥ. This is not known as a narration of Buraidah except from this route. 'Abdullāh bin 'Aṭā' (one of the narrators) is trustworthy according to the people of Hadīth. This is acted upon according to most of the people of knowledge, when a person gives some charity and then he inherits it, it is lawful for him. Some of them said that charity is something that is given for Allāh, so when he inherits it, then it is obligatory for him to do the same with it (i.e. give it in charity). Sufyān Ath-Thawrī and Zuhair bin Mu'āwiyah reported this Hadīth from 'Abdullāh bin 'Aṭā'.
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Commentary
This Ḥadīth proves two points:
1. If a person gives something in charity and then it comes back to him in the form of his share in inheritance, it is not regarded as taking a charity back; because this return did not occur because of any activity of his choice. Therefore this is allowed according to the majority of the Ummah and the four A'immah.
2. If a person could not observe fast owing to an excuse and he died, an heir of the deceased may make up the missed fast.
