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English translation
720. Abū Hurairah narrated that the Prophet ﷺ said: "Whoever is overcome by vomiting, then he is not required to make up (the fast), and whoever vomits on purpose, then he must make it up." (Da'if)
(He said:) There are narrations on this topic from Abū Ad-Dardā', Thawbān, and Faḍālah bin 'Ubaid.
Abū 'Eisā said: The Hadīth of Abū Hurairah is a Ḥasan Gharīb Hadīth, we do not know of it as a narration of Hishām, from Ibn Sirīn, from Abū Hurairah from the Prophet ﷺ – except from through the narration
of 'Eisā bin Yunūs. Muḥammad said: "I do not think that it is preserved."
Abū 'Eisā said: This Hadīth has been reported through more than one route from Abū Hurairah from the Prophet ﷺ, and its chain is not correct. It has been reported from Abū Ad-Dardā', Thawbān, and Faḍālah bin 'Ubaid that the Prophet ﷺ vomited and, that he had broken the fast. This Hadīth only means that when the Prophet ﷺ was performing a voluntary fast and he vomited because of being weak, then he broke the fast. This is how some of the narrations of the Hadīth explain it. The Hadīth of Abū Hurairah from the Prophet ﷺ is acted upon according to the people of knowledge: when the fasting person is overcome by vomiting then he does not make it up, and when he vomits on purpose then he makes it up. This is the view of Ash-Shāfi'ī, Sufyān Ath-Thawrī, Aḥmad and Ishāq.
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Commentary
The Four A'immah agreed that if vomiting overcomes someone and they vomit unintentionally, the fast will not break and he does not have to make it up later on; and if he vomits intentionally, the fast will be broken and it will be made up later on. (Al-Mughnī: 4/368, Al-Majmū': 6/320)
