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Text and translation
English translation
730. Hafṣah narrated that the Prophet ﷺ said: “Whoever did not decide to fast before Fajr then there is no fast for him.” (Ḍaʿīf)
Abū ‘Eisā said: We do not know of the Hadīth of Hafṣah to be Marfūʿ except from this route. It has been reported from Nāfiʿ, from
Ibn 'Umar as his saying, and this is more correct. (Similarly, this Hadīth was reported from Az-Zuhri in Mawqūf form, and we do not know of anyone who narrated it in Marfū' form except for Yahya bin Ayyūb.) According to some of the people of knowledge, this only means that there is no fast for the one who does not decide to do so before Fajr begins during Ramaḍān, or when making up for Ramaḍān, or when fasting to expiate a vow; when he did not intend it during the night, then it will not be accepted from him. As for voluntary fasting, then it is permissible for him to intend to do it after the morning begins. This is the view of Ash-Shāfi'i, Aḥmad, and Ishāq.
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Footnotes
1
[1] It may also be read: Al-Arabihi which would mean “his desires”. Al-Mubārakpūrī said that Al-Arabihi is the more popular way of reading it. It was translated in accordance with the way it appears in this publication.
Commentary
It is agreed that the intention is necessary whether the fast is obligatory or voluntary because it is an act of worship.
