12 - THE BOOK OF SALAT-UL-KHAUF

English translation

942. Narrated Shu'aib: I asked Az-Zuhri, “Did the Prophet ﷺ ever offer the Salāt-ul-Khauf (Fear prayer)?” Az-Zuhri said, “I was told by Sālim that ‘Abdullāh bin ‘Umar رضي الله عنهم had said, ‘I took part in a holy battle with Allāh’s Messenger ﷺ in Najd. We faced the enemy and arranged ourselves in rows. Then Allāh’s Messenger ﷺ stood up to lead the Salāt (prayer) and one party stood to offer Salāt (prayer) with him while the other faced the enemy. Allāh’s Messenger ﷺ and the former party bowed and performed two prostrations. Then that party left (after completing their 2nd Rak'a individually with Taslim, while the Prophet ﷺ kept on standing). Then they took the place of those who had not offered Salât (prayer). [The second (latter) party] joined Allâh's Messenger ﷺ who prayed one Rak'a (i.e. his 2nd Rak'a with the latter party) and performed two prostrations and finished his Salât (prayer) with Taslim. Then everyone of them [of the 2nd (latter) party] bowed once and performed two prostrations individually (i.e. completed their 2nd Rak'a and finished their Salât (prayer) with Taslim)."

Arabic text

942 - حَدَّثَنَا أَبُو اليَمَانِ، قَالَ: أَخْبَرَنَا شُعَيْبٌ، عَنِ الزُّهْرِيِّ، قَالَ: سَأَلْتُهُ هَلْ صَلَّى النَّبِيُّ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ؟ - يَعْنِي صَلاَةَ الخَوْفِ - قَالَ: أَخْبَرَنِي سَالِمٌ، أَنَّ عَبْدَ اللَّهِ بْنَ عُمَرَ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُمَا، قَالَ: غَزَوْتُ مَعَ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ قِبَلَ نَجْدٍ، فَوَازَيْنَا العَدُوَّ، فَصَافَفْنَا لَهُمْ، «فَقَامَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ يُصَلِّي لَنَا، فَقَامَتْ طَائِفَةٌ مَعَهُ تُصَلِّي وَأَقْبَلَتْ طَائِفَةٌ عَلَى العَدُوِّ، وَرَكَعَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ بِمَنْ مَعَهُ وَسَجَدَ سَجْدَتَيْنِ، ثُمَّ انْصَرَفُوا مَكَانَ الطَّائِفَةِ الَّتِي لَمْ تُصَلِّ، فَجَاءُوا، فَرَكَعَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ بِهِمْ رَكْعَةً وَسَجَدَ سَجْدَتَيْنِ، ثُمَّ سَلَّمَ، فَقَامَ كُلُّ وَاحِدٍ مِنْهُمْ، فَرَكَعَ لِنَفْسِهِ رَكْعَةً وَسَجَدَ سَجْدَتَيْنِ»

English translation

943. Narrated Nâfi': Ibn 'Umar رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُمَا said something similar to Mujâhid's saying: Whenever (Muslims and non-Muslims) stand face to face in battle, the Muslims can offer Salât (prayer) while standing. Ibn 'Umar رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُمَا added, "The Prophet ﷺ said, 'If the number of the enemy is greater than the Muslims, they can offer Salât while standing or riding (individually)'. [See Fath Al-Bâri].

Arabic text

943 - حَدَّثَنَا سَعِيدُ بْنُ يَحْيَى بْنِ سَعِيدٍ القُرَشِيُّ، قَالَ: حَدَّثَنِي أَبِي قَالَ: حَدَّثَنَا ابْنُ جُرَيْجٍ، عَنْ مُوسَى بْنِ عُقْبَةَ، عَنْ نَافِعٍ، عَنِ ابْنِ عُمَرَ نَحْوًا مِنْ قَوْلِ مُجَاهِدٍ: إِذَا اخْتَلَطُوا قِيَامًا، وَزَادَ ابْنُ عُمَرَ عَنِ النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ: «وَإِنْ كَانُوا أَكْثَرَ مِنْ ذَلِكَ، فَلْيُصَلُّوا قِيَامًا وَرُكْبَانًا»

English translation

944. Narrated Ibn 'Abbâs رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُمَا: Once the Prophet ﷺ led the Salât-ul-Khauf (Fear prayer), (some of) the people stood behind him. He said Takbîr (Allâhu-Akbar) and those behind him also said the same. He bowed and they bowed. Then he prostrated and they also prostrated. Then he stood for the second Rak'a and those who had offered the first Rak'a (completed their 2nd Rak'a with Taslīm) went to guard their brothers (the second party). The second party joined him and performed bowing and prostrations with him (in his 2nd Rak'a and then got up to finish their 2nd Rak'a after the Prophet had finished his 2nd Rak'a with Taslīm) so all the people were in Salāt (prayer) but they were guarding one another during the Salāt (prayer).

Arabic text

944 - حَدَّثَنَا حَيْوَةُ بْنُ شُرَيْحٍ، قَالَ: حَدَّثَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ حَرْبٍ، عَنِ الزُّبَيْدِيِّ، عَنِ الزُّهْرِيِّ، عَنْ عُبَيْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ عُتْبَةَ، عَنِ ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُمَا، قَالَ: «قَامَ النَّبِيُّ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ، وَقَامَ النَّاسُ مَعَهُ، فَكَبَّرَ وَكَبَّرُوا مَعَهُ وَرَكَعَ وَرَكَعَ نَاسٌ مِنْهُمْ مَعَهُ، ثُمَّ سَجَدَ وَسَجَدُوا مَعَهُ، ثُمَّ قَامَ لِلثَّانِيَةِ، فَقَامَ الَّذِينَ سَجَدُوا وَحَرَسُوا إِخْوَانَهُمْ وَأَتَتِ الطَّائِفَةُ الأُخْرَى، فَرَكَعُوا وَسَجَدُوا مَعَهُ، وَالنَّاسُ كُلُّهُمْ فِي صَلاَةٍ، وَلَكِنْ يَحْرُسُ بَعْضُهُمْ بَعْضًا»

English translation

945. Narrated Jābir bin 'Abdullāh رضي الله عنه: On the day of the Khandaq, 'Umar رضي الله عَنَّهُ came, cursing the disbelievers of Quraish and said, "O Allāh's Messenger! I have not offered the ʾAṣr prayer and the sun was about to set." The Prophet ﷺ replied, "By Allāh! I too, have not offered the Ṣalāt (prayer) yet." The Prophet ﷺ then went to Buṭḥān, performed ablution and performed the ʾAṣr prayer after the sun had set and then offered the Maghrib prayer after it." [Please see H. No. 596 and 598].

Arabic text

945 - حَدَّثَنَا يَحْيَى بْنُ جَعْفَرٍ البُخَارِيُّ، قَالَ: حَدَّثَنَا وَكِيعٌ، عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ مُبَارَكٍ، عَنْ يَحْيَى بْنِ أَبِي كَثِيرٍ، عَنْ أَبِي سَلَمَةَ، عَنْ جَابِرِ بْنِ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ، قَالَ: جَاءَ عُمَرُ يَوْمَ الخَنْدَقِ، فَجَعَلَ يَسُبُّ كُفَّارَ قُرَيْشٍ، وَيَقُولُ: يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ، مَا صَلَّيْتُ العَصْرَ حَتَّى كَادَتِ الشَّمْسُ أَنْ تَغِيبَ، فَقَالَ النَّبِيُّ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ: «وَأَنَا وَاللَّهِ مَا صَلَّيْتُهَا بَعْدُ» قَالَ: فَنَزَلَ إِلَى بُطْحَانَ، فَتَوَضَّأَ وَصَلَّى العَصْرَ بَعْدَ مَا غَابَتِ الشَّمْسُ، ثُمَّ صَلَّى المَغْرِبَ بَعْدَهَا

English translation

946. Narrated Ibn ʿUmar رضي الله عنهما: When the Prophet ﷺ returned from the battle of Al-Aḥzāb (The Confederates), he said to us, "None should offer the ʾAṣr prayer but at Banī Quraiza." The ʾAṣr prayer became due for some of them on the way. Some of them decided not to offer the Ṣalāt but at Banī Quraiza while others decided to offer the Ṣalāt on the spot and said that the intention of the Prophet ﷺ was not what the former party had understood. And when that was told to the Prophet ﷺ he did not blame anyone of them.

Arabic text

946 - حَدَّثَنَا عَبْدُ اللَّهِ بْنُ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ أَسْمَاءَ، قَالَ: حَدَّثَنَا جُوَيْرِيَةُ، عَنْ نَافِعٍ، عَنِ ابْنِ عُمَرَ، قَالَ: قَالَ النَّبِيُّ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ لَنَا لَمَّا رَجَعَ مِنَ الأَحْزَابِ: «لاَ يُصَلِّيَنَّ أَحَدٌ العَصْرَ إِلَّا فِي بَنِي قُرَيْظَةَ» فَأَدْرَكَ بَعْضَهُمُ العَصْرُ فِي الطَّرِيقِ، فَقَالَ بَعْضُهُمْ: لاَ نُصَلِّي حَتَّى نَأْتِيَهَا، وَقَالَ بَعْضُهُمْ: بَلْ نُصَلِّي، لَمْ يُرَدْ مِنَّا ذَلِكَ، فَذُكِرَ لِلنَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ، فَلَمْ يُعَنِّفْ وَاحِدًا مِنْهُمْ

English translation

947. Narrated Anas bin Mālik رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ: Allāh's Messenger ﷺ offered the Fajr prayer when it was still dark, then he rode and said, Allāhu Akbar! Khaibar is ruined. When we approach near a nation, the most evil will be the morning of those who had been warned." The people came out into the streets saying, "Muḥammad and his army." Allāh's Messenger ﷺ vanquished them by force and their warriors were killed; the children and women were taken as captives. Ṣafiya was taken by Dihya Al-Kalbī and later she belonged to Allāh's Messenger ﷺ who married her and her Mahr was her manumission.

Arabic text

947 - حَدَّثَنَا مُسَدَّدٌ، قَالَ: حَدَّثَنَا حَمَّادُ بْنُ زَيْدٍ، عَنْ عَبْدِ العَزِيزِ بْنِ صُهَيْبٍ، وَثَابِتٍ البُنَانِيِّ، عَنْ أَنَسِ بْنِ مَالِكٍ: أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ صَلَّى الصُّبْحَ بِغَلَسٍ، ثُمَّ رَكِبَ فَقَالَ: " اللَّهُ أَكْبَرُ خَرِبَتْ خَيْبَرُ، إِنَّا إِذَا نَزَلْنَا بِسَاحَةِ قَوْمٍ: {فَسَاءَ صَبَاحُ المُنْذَرِينَ} [الصافات: 177] " فَخَرَجُوا يَسْعَوْنَ فِي السِّكَكِ وَيَقُولُونَ: مُحَمَّدٌ وَالخَمِيسُ - قَالَ: وَالخَمِيسُ الجَيْشُ - فَظَهَرَ عَلَيْهِمْ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ، فَقَتَلَ المُقَاتِلَةَ وَسَبَى الذَّرَارِيَّ، فَصَارَتْ صَفِيَّةُ لِدِحْيَةَ الكَلْبِيِّ، وَصَارَتْ لِرَسُولِ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ ، ثُمَّ تَزَوَّجَهَا، وَجَعَلَ صَدَاقَهَا عِتْقَهَا " فَقَالَ عَبْدُ العَزِيزِ، لِثَابِتٍ: يَا أَبَا مُحَمَّدٍ أَنْتَ سَأَلْتَ أَنَسَ بْنَ مَالِكٍ: مَا أَمْهَرَهَا؟ قَالَ: أَمْهَرَهَا نَفْسَهَا، فَتَبَسَّمَ