Hadith 2311

If a person deputes somebody, and the deputy leaves something, and the owner agrees that, then it is allowed, and if the deputy lends something of what is in his custody, for a specific time, it is permissible (if the owner agrees).

English source

Darussalam · Volume 3

40 - THE BOOK OF REPRESENTATION(OR AUTHORIZATION)

Sahih al-Bukhari Darussalam English translation

Arabic source

Shamela Arabic edition

الحديث: 2311 ¦ الجزء: 3 ¦ الصفحة: 101

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English translation

2311. Narrated Abū Hurairah رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ: Allāh's Messenger ﷺ deputed me to keep Ṣadaqat (Al-Fitr) of Ramaḍān. A comer(1) came and started taking handfuls of the foodstuff (of the Ṣadaqa) (stealthily). I took hold of him and said, "By Allāh, I will take you to Allāh's Messenger ﷺ." He said, "I am needy and have many dependents, and I am in great need." I released him, and in the morning Allāh's Messenger ﷺ asked me, "What did your prisoner do yesterday?"(2) I said, "O Allāh's Messenger! The person complained of being needy and of having many dependents, so, I pitied him and let him go." Allāh's Messenger ﷺ said, "Indeed, he told you a lie and he will be coming again." I believed that he would show up again as Allāh's Messenger ﷺ had told me that he would return. So, I waited for him watchfully. When he (showed up and) started stealing handfuls of foodstuff, I caught hold of him again and said, "I will definitely take you to Allāh's Messenger ﷺ." He said, "Leave me, for I am very needy and have many dependents. I promise I will not come back again.” I pitied him and let him go. In the morning Allāh’s Messenger ﷺ asked me, “What did your prisoner do?” I replied, “O Allāh’s Messenger! He complained of his great need and of too many dependents, so I took pity on him and set him free.” Allāh’s Messenger ﷺ said, “Verily, he told you a lie and he will return.” I waited for him attentively for the third time, and when he (came and) started stealing handfuls of the foodstuff, I caught hold of him and said, “I will surely take you to Allāh’s Messenger ﷺ as if the third time you promise not to return, yet you break your promise and come.” He said, “(Forgive me and) I will teach you some words with which Allāh will benefit you.” I asked, “What are they?” He replied, “Whenever you go to bed, recite Āyat-al-Kursī – ‘Allāhu lā ilāha illā Huwal-Haiy-ul-Qaiyyūm’(1) till you finish the whole Verse. (if you do so), Allāh will appoint a guard for you who will stay with you and no satan will come near you till morning”. So, I released him. In the morning, Allāh’s Messenger ﷺ asked, “What did your prisoner do yesterday?” I replied, “He claimed that he would teach me some words by which Allāh will benefit me, so I let him go.” Allāh’s Messenger ﷺ asked, “What are they?” I replied, “He said to me, ‘Whenever you go to bed, recite Āyat-al-Kursī from the beginning to the end – Allāhu lā ilāha illā Huwal-Haiy-ul-Qaiyyūm –.’ He further said to me, ‘(If you do so), Allāh will appoint a guard for you who will stay with you, and no satan will come near you till morning.’ [(Abū Hurairah or another subnarrator) added that they (the Companions) were very eager to do good deeds]. The Prophet ﷺ said, “He really spoke the truth, although he is an absolute liar. Do you know whom you were talking to, these three nights, O Abū Hurairah?" Abū Hurairah said, "No." He said, "It was Satan."

Arabic text

2311 - وَقَالَ عُثْمَانُ بْنُ الهَيْثَمِ أَبُو عَمْرٍو، حَدَّثَنَا عَوْفٌ، عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ سِيرِينَ، عَنْ أَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ، قَالَ: وَكَّلَنِي رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ بِحِفْظِ زَكَاةِ رَمَضَانَ، فَأَتَانِي آتٍ فَجَعَلَ يَحْثُو مِنَ الطَّعَامِ فَأَخَذْتُهُ، وَقُلْتُ: وَاللَّهِ لَأَرْفَعَنَّكَ إِلَى رَسُولِ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ، قَالَ: إِنِّي مُحْتَاجٌ، وَعَلَيَّ عِيَالٌ وَلِي حَاجَةٌ شَدِيدَةٌ، قَالَ: فَخَلَّيْتُ عَنْهُ، فَأَصْبَحْتُ، فَقَالَ النَّبِيُّ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ: «يَا أَبَا هُرَيْرَةَ، مَا فَعَلَ أَسِيرُكَ البَارِحَةَ»، قَالَ: قُلْتُ: يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ، شَكَا حَاجَةً شَدِيدَةً، وَعِيَالًا، فَرَحِمْتُهُ، فَخَلَّيْتُ سَبِيلَهُ، قَالَ: «أَمَا إِنَّهُ قَدْ كَذَبَكَ، وَسَيَعُودُ»، فَعَرَفْتُ أَنَّهُ سَيَعُودُ، لِقَوْلِ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ إِنَّهُ سَيَعُودُ، فَرَصَدْتُهُ، فَجَاءَ يَحْثُو مِنَ الطَّعَامِ، فَأَخَذْتُهُ، فَقُلْتُ: لَأَرْفَعَنَّكَ إِلَى رَسُولِ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ، قَالَ: دَعْنِي فَإِنِّي مُحْتَاجٌ وَعَلَيَّ عِيَالٌ، لاَ أَعُودُ، فَرَحِمْتُهُ، فَخَلَّيْتُ سَبِيلَهُ، فَأَصْبَحْتُ، فَقَالَ لِي رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ: «يَا أَبَا هُرَيْرَةَ، مَا فَعَلَ أَسِيرُكَ»، قُلْتُ: يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ شَكَا حَاجَةً شَدِيدَةً، وَعِيَالًا، فَرَحِمْتُهُ، فَخَلَّيْتُ سَبِيلَهُ، قَالَ: «أَمَا إِنَّهُ قَدْ كَذَبَكَ وَسَيَعُودُ»، فَرَصَدْتُهُ الثَّالِثَةَ، فَجَاءَ يَحْثُو مِنَ الطَّعَامِ، فَأَخَذْتُهُ، فَقُلْتُ: لَأَرْفَعَنَّكَ إِلَى رَسُولِ اللَّهِ، وَهَذَا آخِرُ ثَلاَثِ مَرَّاتٍ، أَنَّكَ تَزْعُمُ لاَ تَعُودُ، ثُمَّ تَعُودُ قَالَ: دَعْنِي أُعَلِّمْكَ كَلِمَاتٍ يَنْفَعُكَ اللَّهُ بِهَا، قُلْتُ: مَا هُوَ؟ قَالَ: إِذَا أَوَيْتَ إِلَى فِرَاشِكَ، فَاقْرَأْ آيَةَ الكُرْسِيِّ: {اللَّهُ لاَ إِلَهَ إِلَّا هُوَ الحَيُّ القَيُّومُ} [البقرة: 255]، حَتَّى تَخْتِمَ الآيَةَ، فَإِنَّكَ لَنْ يَزَالَ عَلَيْكَ مِنَ اللَّهِ حَافِظٌ، وَلاَ يَقْرَبَنَّكَ شَيْطَانٌ حَتَّى تُصْبِحَ، فَخَلَّيْتُ سَبِيلَهُ، فَأَصْبَحْتُ فَقَالَ لِي رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ: «مَا فَعَلَ أَسِيرُكَ البَارِحَةَ»، قُلْتُ: يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ، زَعَمَ أَنَّهُ يُعَلِّمُنِي كَلِمَاتٍ يَنْفَعُنِي اللَّهُ بِهَا، فَخَلَّيْتُ سَبِيلَهُ، قَالَ: «مَا هِيَ»، قُلْتُ: قَالَ لِي: إِذَا أَوَيْتَ إِلَى فِرَاشِكَ فَاقْرَأْ آيَةَ الكُرْسِيِّ مِنْ أَوَّلِهَا حَتَّى تَخْتِمَ الآيَةَ: {اللَّهُ لاَ إِلَهَ إِلَّا هُوَ الحَيُّ القَيُّومُ} [البقرة: 255]، وَقَالَ لِي: لَنْ يَزَالَ عَلَيْكَ مِنَ اللَّهِ حَافِظٌ، وَلاَ يَقْرَبَكَ شَيْطَانٌ حَتَّى تُصْبِحَ - وَكَانُوا أَحْرَصَ شَيْءٍ عَلَى الخَيْرِ - فَقَالَ النَّبِيُّ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ: «أَمَا إِنَّهُ قَدْ صَدَقَكَ وَهُوَ كَذُوبٌ، تَعْلَمُ مَنْ تُخَاطِبُ مُنْذُ ثَلاَثِ لَيَالٍ يَا أَبَا هُرَيْرَةَ»، قَالَ: لاَ، قَالَ: «ذَاكَ شَيْطَانٌ»

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Footnotes

1
(1) (H.2311) Comer : Satan
2
(2) (H.2311) Allāh's Messenger ﷺ was inspired Divinely about the whole story and this was the reason why he asked Abū Hurairah, though Abū Hurairah had told him nothing.
1
(1) (H. 2311) Sūrat Al-Baqarah, Verse No. 255.