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English translation
1891. Narrated Ṭalḥā bin ‘Ubaid-Ullāh: A bedouin with unkempt hair came to Allāh’s Messenger ﷺ and said, “O Allāh’s Messenger! Inform me what Allāh has made compulsory for me as regards As-Salāt (the prayer).” He replied: “You have to perform the five compulsory Salāt (Iqamāt-As-Salāt) in a day and night (24 hours), unless you want to offer Nawāfil.” The bedouin further asked, “Inform me what Allāh has made compulsory for me as regards fasting.” He replied, “You have to observe Saum (fast) during the whole month of Ramaḍān, unless you want to fast more as Nawāfil.” The bedouin further asked, “Tell me how much Zakāt Allāh has enjoined on me.” Thus, Allāh’s Messenger ﷺ informed him about all the laws (i.e., fundamentals) of Islām. The bedouin then said, “By Him Who has honoured you, I will neither perform any Nawāfil nor will I decrease what Allāh has enjoined on me.” Allāh’s Messenger ﷺ said, “If he is saying the truth, he will succeed (or said, he will be granted Paradise).” (1) (Bk 30) The fasting, i.e., to not to eat or drink or have sexual relation etc. from before the Adhān of the Fajr (early morning) prayer till the sunset. (2) (Ch.1) Al-Muttaqīn means pious and righteous persons who fear Allāh much (abstain from all kinds of sins and evil deeds which He has forbidden) and love Allāh much (perform all kinds of good deeds which He has ordained).
Arabic text
1891 - حَدَّثَنَا قُتَيْبَةُ بْنُ سَعِيدٍ، حَدَّثَنَا إِسْمَاعِيلُ بْنُ جَعْفَرٍ، عَنْ أَبِي سُهَيْلٍ، عَنْ أَبِيهِ، عَنْ طَلْحَةَ بْنِ عُبَيْدِ اللَّهِ، أَنَّ أَعْرَابِيًّا جَاءَ إِلَى رَسُولِ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ ثَائِرَ الرَّأْسِ، فَقَالَ: يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ أَخْبِرْنِي مَاذَا فَرَضَ اللَّهُ عَلَيَّ مِنَ الصَّلاَةِ؟ فَقَالَ: «الصَّلَوَاتِ الخَمْسَ إِلَّا أَنْ تَطَّوَّعَ شَيْئًا»، فَقَالَ: أَخْبِرْنِي مَا فَرَضَ اللَّهُ عَلَيَّ مِنَ الصِّيَامِ؟ فَقَالَ: «شَهْرَ رَمَضَانَ إِلَّا أَنْ تَطَّوَّعَ شَيْئًا»، فَقَالَ: أَخْبِرْنِي بِمَا فَرَضَ اللَّهُ عَلَيَّ مِنَ الزَّكَاةِ؟ فَقَالَ: فَأَخْبَرَهُ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ شَرَائِعَ الإِسْلاَمِ، قَالَ: وَالَّذِي أَكْرَمَكَ، لاَ أَتَطَوَّعُ شَيْئًا، وَلاَ أَنْقُصُ مِمَّا فَرَضَ اللَّهُ عَلَيَّ شَيْئًا، فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ «أَفْلَحَ إِنْ صَدَقَ، أَوْ دَخَلَ الجَنَّةَ إِنْ صَدَقَ»
