18. The Book Of Inheritance

English translation

2885. It was reported from ‘Abdullāh bin ‘Amr bin Al-‘Ās, that the Messenger of Allāh ﷺ said: “Knowledge is in three categories; and whatever is beyond that is considered a surplus: A Muḥkam Verse; an established Sunnah, and justice with inheritance.” (Ḍaʿif)

Arabic text

2885 - حَدَّثَنَا أَحْمَدُ بْنُ عَمْروِ بْنِ السَّرْحِ، أَخْبَرَنَا ابْنُ وَهْبٍ، حَدَّثَنِي عَبْدُ الرَّحْمَنِ بْنُ زِيَادٍ، عَنْ عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ بْنِ رَافِعٍ التَّنُوخِيِّ، عَنْ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ عَمْرِو بْنِ الْعَاصِ، أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ قَالَ: " الْعِلْمُ ثَلَاثَةٌ، وَمَا سِوَى ذَلِكَ فَهُوَ فَضْل: آيَةٌ مُحْكَمَةٌ، أَوْ سُنَّةٌ قَائِمَةٌ، أَوْ فَرِيضَةٌ عَادِلَةٌ "

English translation

2886. It was reported from Ibn Munkadir, that he heard Jābir saying: “I became ill, so the Prophet ﷺ came to visit me with Abū Bakr on foot. I was unconscious and I could not speak to him. He performed Wudūʿ and sprinkled water on me, and I became conscious. I said: ‘O Messenger of Allāh! What am I supposed to do with my wealth, as I have sisters?" He said: "Then Allāh revealed the Verse about inheritance: They ask you for a legal verdict. Say: "Allāh directs (thus) about Al-Kalālah."[1] (Saḥih)

Arabic text

2886 - حَدَّثَنَا أَحْمَدُ بْنُ حَنْبَلٍ، حَدَّثَنَا سُفْيَانُ، قَالَ: سَمِعْتُ ابْنَ الْمُنْكَدِرِ، أَنَّهُ سَمِعَ جَابِرًا، يَقُولُ: " مَرِضْتُ فَأَتَانِي النَّبِيُّ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ يَعُودُنِي، هُوَ وَأَبُو بَكْرٍ مَاشِيَيْنِ، وَقَدْ أُغْمِيَ عَلَيَّ، فَلَمْ أُكَلِّمْهُ، فَتَوَضَّأَ وَصَبَّهُ عَلَيَّ فَأَفَقْتُ، فَقُلْتُ: يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ، كَيْفَ أَصْنَعُ فِي مَالِي وَلِي أَخَوَاتٌ؟ قَالَ: فَنَزَلَتْ آيَةُ الْمَوَارِيثِ: {يَسْتَفْتُونَكَ قُلِ اللَّهُ يُفْتِيكُمْ فِي الْكَلَالَةِ} [النساء: 176] "

English translation

2887. It was reported from Abū Az-Zubair, from Jābir, who said: "I became ill and I had seven sisters. The Messenger of Allāh ﷺ visited me and blew on my face. I became conscious, and said: 'O Messenger of Allāh! Can I will one third of my property to my sisters?' He replied: 'Make it better' I said: 'One half?' He replied: 'Make it better.' Then he left me and went away. Then he said: 'O Jābir! I do not see you dying from this illness? And Allāh has revealed, and He described the shares of your sisters, Allāh has allocated two thirds for them.'" Jābir used to say: "This verse was revealed on me: "They ask you for a legal verdict. Say: "Allāh directs (thus) about Al-Kalālah""[2]

Arabic text

2887 - حَدَّثَنَا عُثْمَانُ بْنُ أَبِي شَيْبَةَ، حَدَّثَنَا كَثِيرُ بْنُ هِشَامٍ، حَدَّثَنَا هِشَامٌ يَعْنِي الدَّسْتُوَائِيَّ، عَنْ أَبِي الزُّبَيْرِ، عَنْ جَابِرٍ، قَالَ: اشْتَكَيْتُ وَعِنْدِي سَبْعُ أَخَوَاتٍ ، فَدَخَلَ عَلَيَّ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ، فَنَفَخَ فِي وَجْهِي، فَأَفَقْتُ، فَقُلْتُ: يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ، أَلَا أُوصِي لِأَخَوَاتِي بِالثُّلُثِ؟ قَالَ: «أَحْسِنْ»، قُلْتُ: الشَّطْرُ؟ قَالَ: «أَحْسِنْ» ثُمَّ خَرَجَ وَتَرَكَنِي، فَقَالَ: «يَا جَابِرُ، لَا أُرَاكَ مَيِّتًا مِنْ وَجَعِكَ هَذَا، وَإِنَّ اللَّهَ قَدْ أَنْزَلَ فَبَيَّنَ الَّذِي لِأَخَوَاتِكَ فَجَعَلَ لَهُنَّ الثُّلُثَيْنِ»، قَالَ: فَكَانَ جَابِرٌ يَقُولُ: " أُنْزِلَتْ هَذِهِ الْآيَةُ فِيَّ: {يَسْتَفْتُونَكَ قُلِ اللَّهُ يُفْتِيكُمْ فِي الْكَلَالَةِ} [النساء: 176] "

English translation

2888. It was reported from Shu'bah, from Abū Ishāq, from Al-Barā' bin 'Azib who said: "The last Verse revealed was about Kalālāh: 'They ask you for a legal verdict. Say: Allāh directs (thus) about Al-Kalālāh.'"[1] (Sahih)

Arabic text

2888 - حَدَّثَنَا مُسْلِمُ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ، حَدَّثَنَا شُعْبَةُ، عَنْ أَبِي إِسْحَاقَ، عَنِ الْبَرَاءِ بْنِ عَازِبٍ، قَالَ: " آخِرُ آيَةٍ نَزَلَتْ فِي الْكَلَالَةِ: {يَسْتَفْتُونَكَ قُلِ اللَّهُ يُفْتِيكُمْ فِي الْكَلَالَةِ} [النساء: 176] "

English translation

2889. It was reported from Abū Bakr, from Abū Ishāq, from Al-Barā' bin 'Azib who said: "A man came to the Prophet ﷺ and said: 'O Messenger of Allāh! They ask you for a legal verdict about Al-Kalālāh — what is Al-Kalālāh?' He replied: 'The Verse revealed in summer is sufficient for you.'" I asked Abū Ishāq: "Does it mean the one who dies and did not leave behind a son or father. He replied: 'That is it, that is what they used to think.'" (Hasan)

Arabic text

2889 - حَدَّثَنَا مَنْصُورُ بْنُ أَبِي مُزَاحِمٍ، حَدَّثَنَا أَبُو بَكْرٍ، عَنْ أَبِي إِسْحَاقَ، عَنِ الْبَرَاءِ بْنِ عَازِبٍ، قَالَ: " جَاءَ رَجُلٌ إِلَى النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ، فَقَالَ: يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ، يَسْتَفْتُونَكَ فِي الْكَلَالَةِ فَمَا الْكَلَالَةُ؟ قَالَ: «تُجْزِيكَ آيَةُ الصَّيْفِ» فَقُلْتُ لِأَبِي إِسْحَاقَ: هُوَ مَنْ مَاتَ وَلَمْ يَدَعْ وَلَدًا وَلَا وَالِدًا؟ قَالَ: «كَذَلِكَ ظَنُّوا أَنَّهُ كَذَلِكَ»

English translation

2890. It was reported from Huzail bin Shuraḥbil Al-Awdī who said: "A man came to Abū Mūsā Al-Ash'arī and Salmān bin Rabī'ah and asked them about (the case where a person dies and leaves behind) a daughter, a son's daughter, and a sister from the father and the mother. They replied: 'His daughter gets half, and the sister from the father and mother gets half' — and they did not allot any inheritance to the son's daughter — 'Go to Ibn Mas'ūd and you will see that he agrees with me.' So the man came to him and asked him, and told him of their saying. He replied: 'I would be misguided then, not among those who are guided. Rather, I am going to decide on the matter according to the decision of the Messenger of Allāh ﷺ: For the daughter; half, and the son's daughter gets one share, which completes two-thirds, and what remains goes to the sister from the father and the mother." (Sahih)

Arabic text

2890 - حَدَّثَنَا عَبْدُ اللَّهِ بْنُ عَامِرِ بْنِ زُرَارَةَ، حَدَّثَنَا عَلِيُّ بْنُ مُسْهِرٍ، عَنِ الْأَعْمَشِ، عَنْ أَبِي قَيْسٍ الْأَوْدِيِّ، عَنْ هُزَيْلِ بْنِ شُرَحْبِيلَ الْأَوْدِيِّ، قَالَ: جَاءَ رَجُلٌ إِلَى أَبِي مُوسَى الْأَشْعَرِيِّ، وَسَلْمَانَ بْنِ رَبِيعَةَ فَسَأَلَهُمَا، عَنِ ابْنَةٍ، وَابْنَةِ ابْنٍ، وَأُخْتٍ لِأَبٍّ وَأُمٍّ، فَقَالَا: وَلِلْأُخْتِ مِنَ الْأَبِ، وَالْأُمِّ النِّصْفُ، وَلَمْ يُوَرِّثَا ابْنَةَ الِابْنِ شَيْئًا، وَأْتِ ابْنَ مَسْعُودٍ، فَإِنَّهُ سَيُتَابِعُنَا، فَأَتَاهُ الرَّجُلُ فَسَأَلَهُ وَأَخْبَرَهُ بِقَوْلِهِمَا، فَقَالَ: لَقَدْ ضَلَلْتُ إِذًا وَمَا أَنَا مِنَ الْمُهْتَدِينَ، وَلَكِنِّي سَأَقْضِي فِيهَا بِقَضَاءِ النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ «لِابْنَتِهِ النِّصْفُ، وَلِابْنَةِ الِابْنِ سَهْمٌ تَكْمِلَةُ الثُّلُثَيْنِ، وَمَا بَقِيَ فَلِلْأُخْتِ مِنَ الْأَبِ وَالْأُمِّ»

English translation

2891. It was reported from 'Abdullāh bin Muḥammad bin 'Aqīl, from Jābir bin 'Abdullāh, who said: "We went out with the Messenger of Allāh ﷺ until we came to a woman from the Anṣār in Al-Aswāf."[1] The woman came with her two daughters, and said: 'O Messenger of Allāh! These two are the daughters of Thābit bin Qais who was killed in the battle of Uhud where he was with you, and their paternal uncle has taken all their property and inheritance and did not leave anything behind for them at all. What do you say about it, O Messenger of Allāh! By Allāh! They cannot get married unless they have some property.' The Messenger of Allāh ﷺ replied: 'Allāh will decide about that.'" He said: "Then (the Verse of) Sūrat An-Nisā' was revealed: 'Allāh commands you as regards your children's (inheritance)' until the end of the Verse.[1] The Messenger of Allāh ﷺ said: 'Call the woman and her husband's brother for me,' then he said to their paternal uncle: 'Give them two-thirds, and give their mother one-eighth, and whatever remains is yours.'" (Ḍā'if) Abū Dāwūd said: Bishr (one of the narrators) made a mistake, they were the daughters of Sa'd bin Rabī'. Thābit bin Qais was killed in the battle of Al-Yamāmah.

Arabic text

2891 - حَدَّثَنَا مُسَدَّدٌ، حَدَّثَنَا بِشْرُ بْنُ الْمُفَضَّلِ، حَدَّثَنَا عَبْدُ اللَّهِ بْنُ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عَقِيلٍ، عَنْ جَابِرِ بْنِ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ، قَالَ: خَرَجْنَا مَعَ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ حَتَّى جِئْنَا امْرَأَةً مِنَ الْأَنْصَارِ فِي الْأَسْوَاقِ، فَجَاءَتِ الْمَرْأَةُ بِابْنَتَيْنِ لَهَا، فَقَالَتْ: يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ، هَاتَانِ بِنْتَا ثَابِتِ بْنِ قَيْسٍ قُتِلَ مَعَكَ يَوْمَ أُحُدٍ، وَقَدْ اسْتَفَاءَ عَمُّهُمَا مَالَهُمَا وَمِيرَاثَهُمَا كُلَّهُ، فَلَمْ يَدَعْ لَهُمَا مَالًا إِلَّا أَخَذَهُ، فَمَا تَرَى يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ؟ فَوَاللَّهِ لَا تُنْكَحَانِ أَبَدًا إِلَّا وَلَهُمَا مَالٌ، فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ: «يَقْضِي اللَّهُ فِي ذَلِكَ»، قَالَ: وَنَزَلَتْ سُورَةُ النِّسَاءِ: {يُوصِيكُمُ اللَّهُ فِي أَوْلَادِكُمْ} [النساء: 11] الْآيَةَ، فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ: «ادْعُوا لِي الْمَرْأَةَ وَصَاحِبَهَا» فَقَالَ لِعَمِّهِمَا: «أَعْطِهِمَا الثُّلُثَيْنِ وَأَعْطِ أُمَّهُمَا الثُّمُنَ، وَمَا بَقِيَ فَلَكَ»، قَالَ أَبُو دَاوُدَ: «أَخْطَأَ بِشْرٌ فِيهِ إِنَّمَا هُمَا ابْنَتَا سَعْدِ بْنِ الرَّبِيعِ، وَثَابِتُ بْنُ قَيْسٍ، قُتِلَ يَوْمَ الْيَمَامَةِ»،

English translation

2892. (Another chain) from ‘Abdullāh bin Muḥammad bin ‘Aqīl, from Jābir bin ‘Abdullāh who said: “The wife of Sa’d bin Rabī‘ said: ‘O Messenger of Allāh! Sa’d died and left behind two daughters...’” Then he cited similarly. (Da’if) Abū Dāwūd said: This (chain) is more correct.

Arabic text

2892 - حَدَّثَنَا ابْنُ السَّرْحِ، حَدَّثَنَا ابْنُ وَهْبٍ، أَخْبَرَنِي دَاوُدُ بْنُ قَيْسٍ، وَغَيْرُهُ مِنْ أَهْلِ الْعِلْمِ، عَنْ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عَقِيلٍ، عَنْ جَابِرِ بْنِ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ، أَنَّ امْرَأَةَ سَعْدِ بْنِ الرَّبِيعِ، قَالَتْ: يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ، إِنَّ سَعْدًا هَلَكَ وَتَرَكَ ابْنَتَيْنِ، وَسَاقَ نَحْوَهُ، قَالَ أَبُو دَاوُدَ: «وَهَذَا هُوَ أَصَحُّ»

English translation

2893. It was reported from Al-Aswad bin Yazid that Mu’ād bin Jabal distributed the shares of inheritance to a sister and a daughter. He gave each one of them one-half. He was at that time in Yemen, while the Prophet of Allāh ﷺ was alive. (Saḥih)

Arabic text

2893 - حَدَّثَنَا مُوسَى بْنُ إِسْمَاعِيلَ، حَدَّثَنَا أَبَانُ، حَدَّثَنَا قَتَادَةُ، حَدَّثَنِي أَبُو حَسَّانَ، عَنِ الْأَسْوَدِ بْنِ يَزِيدَ، أَنَّ مُعَاذَ بْنَ جَبَلٍ، «وَرَّثَ أُخْتًا وَابْنَةً، فَجَعَلَ لِكُلِّ وَاحِدَةٍ مِنْهُمَا النِّصْفَ وَهُوَ بِالْيَمَنِ»، وَنَبِيُّ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ يَوْمَئِذٍ حَيٌّ

English translation

2894. It was reported from Qabiṣah bin Dhu’aib who said: “A grandmother came to Abū Bakr, may Allāh be pleased with him, asking him about her share of inheritance. He replied. 'There is nothing prescribed for you in the Book of Allāh, and I do not know of anything for you in the Sunnah of Allāh's Prophet ﷺ. Go back, until I ask the people about it.' Then he asked the people about it. Al-Mughirah bin Shu'bah said: 'I was with the Messenger of Allāh ﷺ and he gave her one-sixth.' Abū Bakr said: 'Do you have anybody else with you (to testify)?' Muḥammad bin Maslamah stood up and said the same as what Al-Mughirah bin Shu'bah had said, so Abū Bakr implemented it for her. Then another grandmother came to 'Umar bin Al-Khaṭṭāb asking about her inheritance. He said: 'There is nothing prescribed for you in the Book of Allāh, and the decision made before you for a grandmother was for other than you. I am not going to add anything in the shares of inheritance, but it is only one-sixth. If the two of you remain together then you share it, and whichever of you two is left alone, then it is for her.'" (Saḥīḥ)

Arabic text

2894 - حَدَّثَنَا الْقَعْنَبِيُّ، عَنْ مَالِكٍ، عَنِ ابْنِ شِهَابٍ، عَنْ عُثْمَانَ بْنِ إِسْحَاقَ بْنِ خَرَشَةَ، عَنْ قَبِيصَةَ بْنِ ذُؤَيْبٍ، أَنَّهُ قَالَ: جَاءَتِ الْجَدَّةُ إِلَى أَبِي بَكْرٍ الصِّدِّيقِ، تَسْأَلُهُ مِيرَاثَهَا؟ فَقَالَ: مَا لَكِ فِي كِتَابِ اللَّهِ تَعَالَى شَيْءٌ، وَمَا عَلِمْتُ لَكِ فِي سُنَّةِ نَبِيِّ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ شَيْئًا، فَارْجِعِي حَتَّى أَسْأَلَ النَّاسَ، فَسَأَلَ النَّاسَ، فَقَالَ الْمُغِيرَةُ بْنُ شُعْبَةَ، «حَضَرْتُ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ أَعْطَاهَا السُّدُسَ»، فَقَالَ أَبُو بَكْرٍ: هَلْ مَعَكَ غَيْرُكَ؟ فَقَامَ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ مَسْلَمَةَ، فَقَالَ: مِثْلَ مَا قَالَ الْمُغِيرَةُ بْنُ شُعْبَةَ ، فَأَنْفَذَهُ لَهَا أَبُو بَكْرٍ ثُمَّ جَاءَتِ الْجَدَّةُ الْأُخْرَى إِلَى عُمَرَ بْنِ الْخَطَّابِ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ تَسْأَلُهُ مِيرَاثَهَا، فَقَالَ: «مَا لَكِ فِي كِتَابِ اللَّهِ تَعَالَى شَيْءٌ، وَمَا كَانَ الْقَضَاءُ الَّذِي قُضِيَ بِهِ إِلَّا لِغَيْرِكِ، وَمَا أَنَا بِزَائِدٍ فِي الْفَرَائِضِ، وَلَكِنْ هُوَ ذَلِكَ السُّدُسُ، فَإِنِ اجْتَمَعْتُمَا فِيهِ فَهُوَ بَيْنَكُمَا، وَأَيَّتُكُمَا خَلَتْ بِهِ فَهُوَ لَهَا»

English translation

2895. It was reported from Ibn Buraidah, from his father that the Prophet ﷺ gave one sixth to a grandmother if there is no mother left to inherit before her. (Hasan)

Arabic text

2895 - حَدَّثَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ عَبْدِ الْعَزِيزِ بْنِ أَبِي رِزْمَةَ، أَخْبَرَنِي أَبِي، حَدَّثَنَا عُبَيْدُ اللَّهِ أَبُو الْمُنِيبِ الْعَتَكِيِّ، عَنِ ابْنِ بُرَيْدَةَ، عَنْ أَبِيهِ، «أَنَّ النَّبِيَّ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ جَعَلَ لِلْجَدَّةِ السُّدُسَ، إِذَا لَمْ يَكُنْ دُونَهَا أُمٌّ»

English translation

2896. It was reported from Qatādah, from Al-Hasan, from 'Imrān bin Ḥuṣain, that a man came to the Prophet ﷺ and said: "My son's son has died, what do I get from his estate?" He said: "You will get one-sixth." When he started to go away, he called him, and said: "You also have another sixth." When he started to go away again, he called him, and said: "The other one-sixth is for food (Tu'mah)." (Da'if) Qatādah said: "They (the Companions) did not know the heirs with whom he was given (one-sixth)." Qatādah said: "The minimum share given to a grandfather is one-sixth."

Arabic text

2896 - حَدَّثَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ كَثِيرٍ، أَخْبَرَنَا هَمَّامٌ، عَنْ قَتَادَةَ، عَنِ الْحَسَنِ، عَنْ عِمْرَانَ بْنِ حُصَيْنً، أَنَّ رَجُلًا أَتَى النَّبِيَّ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ، فَقَالَ: إِنَّ ابْنَ ابْنِي مَاتَ، فَمَا لِي مِنْ مِيرَاثِهِ؟ فَقَالَ: «لَكَ السُّدُسُ» فَلَمَّا أَدْبَرَ دَعَاهُ، فَقَالَ: «لَكَ سُدُسٌ آخَرُ» فَلَمَّا أَدْبَرَ دَعَاهُ، فَقَالَ: «إِنَّ السُّدُسَ الْآخَرَ طُعْمَةٌ» قَالَ قَتَادَةُ: «فَلَا يَدْرُونَ مَعَ أَيِّ شَيْءٍ وَرَّثَهُ»، قَالَ: قَتَادَةُ: «أَقَلُّ شَيْءٍ وَرِثَ الْجَدُّ السُّدُسُ»

English translation

2897. It was reported from Al-Ḥasan that 'Umar said: "Does anybody know what the Messenger of Allāh gave to the grandfather from the estate?" Ma'qil bin Yaṣār said: "I do. The Messenger of Allāh ﷺ gave him one-sixth." He asked: "Along with whom?" He replied: "I do not know." He said: "If you do not know, then what good is it." (Da'if)

Arabic text

2897 - حَدَّثَنَا وَهْبُ بْنُ بَقِيَّةَ، عَنْ خَالِدٍ، عَنْ يُونُسَ، عَنِ الْحَسَنِ، أَنْ عُمَرَ قَالَ: أَيُّكُمْ يَعْلَمُ مَا رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ الْجَدَّ؟ فَقَالَ مَعْقِلُ بْنُ يَسَارٍ: أَنَا، «وَرَّثَهُ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ السُّدُسَ»، قَالَ: مَعَ مَنْ؟ قَالَ: لَا أَدْرِي، قَالَ: لَا دَرَيْتَ، فَمَا تُغْنِي إِذًا؟

English translation

2898. Ibn 'Abbās narrated the Messenger of Allāh ﷺ as saying: "Divide the wealth among the heirs according to the Book of Allāh, then whatever inheritance remains, goes to the nearest male heir." (Saḥīh)

Arabic text

2898 - حَدَّثَنَا أَحْمَدُ بْنُ صَالِحٍ، وَمخْلَدُ بْنُ خَالِدٍ - وَهَذَا حَدِيثُ مَخْلَدٍ وَهُوَ الْأَشْبَعُ - قَالَا: حَدَّثَنَا عَبْدُ الرَّزَّاقِ، حَدَّثَنَا مَعْمَرٌ، عَنِ ابْنِ طَاوُسٍ، عَنْ أَبِيهِ، عَنِ ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ، قَالَ: قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ: «اقْسِمُ الْمَالَ بَيْنَ أَهْلِ الْفَرَائِضِ، عَلَى كِتَابِ اللَّهِ فَمَا تَرَكَتِ الْفَرَائِضُ فَلِأَوْلَى ذَكَرٍ»

English translation

2899. It was reported from Al-Miqdām who said: "The Messenger of Allāh ﷺ said: 'Whoever leaves behind a burden, then refer it to me' — and perhaps he said: "to Allāh and to His Messenger" — "And whoever leaves wealth, then it is for his heirs. And I am the heir for the one who has none, paying blood money for him and inheriting from him, and a maternal uncle is the heir for the one who has none, paying blood money for him, and inheriting from him." (Hasan)

Arabic text

2899 - حَدَّثَنَا حَفْصُ بْنُ عُمَرَ، حَدَّثَنَا شُعْبَةُ، عَنْ بُدَيْلٍ، عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ أَبِي طَلْحَةَ، عَنْ رَاشِدِ بْنِ سَعْدٍ، عَنْ أَبِي عَامِرٍ الْهَوْزَنِيِّ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ لُحَيٍّ، عَنِ الْمِقْدَامِ، قَالَ: قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ: «مَنْ تَرَكَ كَلًّا فَإِلَيَّ» وَرُبَّمَا قَالَ: «إِلَى اللَّهِ وَإِلَى رَسُولِهِ، وَمَنْ تَرَكَ مَالًا فَلِوَرَثَتِهِ، وَأَنَا وَارِثُ مَنْ لَا وَارِثَ لَهُ، أَعْقِلُ لَهُ وَأَرِثُهُ، وَالْخَالُ وَارِثُ مَنْ لَا وَارِثَ لَهُ، يَعْقِلُ عَنْهُ وَيَرِثُهُ»

English translation

2900. (Another chain) from Al-Miqdām Al-Kindī that he said: "The Messenger of Allāh ﷺ said: 'I am more worthy of every believer than himself. So whoever leaves behind a debt or dependants (Dai'ah), then refer it to me. And whoever leaves behind any wealth, it is for his family. And I am the Mawlā of those who have no Mawlā, I inherit his wealth, and fulfill his liabilities. A maternal uncle is a Mawlā for those who have no Mawlā. He inherits his wealth and fulfills his liabilities.'" [1] (Hasan) Abū Dāwūd said: Ad-Dai'ah means dependants. Abū Dāwūd said: Az-Zubaidī reported it from Rāshīd bin Sa'd, from Ibn 'Ā'idh, from Al-Miqdām. It has also been reported by Mu'āwiyah bin Sāliḥ from Rāshīd, who said: "I heard Al-Miqdām..."

Arabic text

2900 - حَدَّثَنَا سُلَيْمَانُ بْنُ حَرْبٍ فِي آخَرِينَ قَالُوا: حَدَّثَنَا حَمَّادٌ، عَنْ بُدَيْلٍ يَعْنِي ابْنَ مَيْسَرَةَ، عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ أَبِي طَلْحَةَ، عَنْ رَاشِدِ بْنِ سَعْدٍ، عَنْ أَبِي عَامِرٍ الْهَوْزَنِيِّ، عَنِ الْمِقْدَامِ الْكِنْدِيِّ، قَالَ: قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ: «أَنَا أَوْلَى بِكُلِّ مُؤْمِنٍ مِنْ نَفْسِهِ، فَمَنْ تَرَكَ دَيْنًا أَوْ ضَيْعَةً فَإِلَيَّ، وَمَنْ تَرَكَ مَالًا فَلِوَرَثَتِهِ، وَأَنَا مَوْلَى مَنْ لَا مَوْلَى لَهُ أَرِثُ مَالَهُ وَأَفُكُّ عَانَهُ، وَالْخَالُ مَوْلَى مَنْ لَا مَوْلَى لَهُ يَرِثُ مَالَهُ وَيَفُكُّ عَانَهُ»، قَالَ أَبُو دَاوُدَ: رَوَاهُ الزُّبَيْدِيُّ، عَنْ رَاشِدِ بْنِ سَعْدٍ، عَنِ ابْنِ عَائِذٍ، عَنِ الْمِقْدَامِ، وَرَوَاهُ مُعَاوِيَةُ بْنُ صَالِحٍ، عَنْ رَاشِدٍ، قَالَ: سَمِعْتُ الْمِقْدَامَ قَالَ أَبُو دَاوُدَ: «يَقُولُ الضَّيْعَةُ مَعْنَاهُ عِيَالٌ»

English translation

2901. It was reported from Šālih bin Yaḥyā bin Al-Miqdām, from his father, from his grandfather who said: "I heard the Messenger of Allāh ﷺ saying: 'I am the heir of the one who has no heir, I fulfill his liabilities, and I inherit from him. And a maternal uncle is the heir of the one who has no heir, fulfilling his liabilities, and inheriting his wealth.'" (Hasan)

Arabic text

2901 - حَدَّثَنَا عَبْدُ السَّلَامِ بْنُ عَتِيقٍ الدِّمَشْقِيُّ، حَدَّثَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ الْمُبَارَكِ، حَدَّثَنَا إِسْمَاعِيلُ بْنُ عَيَّاشٍ، عَنْ يَزِيدَ بْنِ حُجْرٍ، عَنْ صَالِحِ بْنِ يَحْيَى بْنِ الْمِقْدَامِ، عَنْ أَبِيهِ، عَنْ جَدِّهِ، قَالَ: سَمِعْتُ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ يَقُولُ: «أَنَا وَارِثُ مَنْ لَا وَارِثَ لَهُ، أَفُكُّ عَانِيَهُ، وَأَرِثُ مَالَهُ، وَالْخَالُ وَارِثُ مَنْ لَا وَارِثَ لَهُ، يَفُكُّ عَانِيَهُ وَيَرِثُ مَالَهُ»

English translation

2902. It was reported from 'Āishah, who said: "A freed slave of the Prophet ﷺ died and left something behind, and he did not leave any child nor any relative, so the Messenger of Allāh ﷺ said: 'Give his wealth to a man belonging to his village.'" (Hasan) Abū Dāwud said: The Hadīth of Sufyān is more complete. And Musad-dad said:[1] "He said: 'The Prophet ﷺ said: "Is there anybody here belonging to his land?" They replied: "Yes." He said: "Then give him his inheritance."'

Arabic text

2902 - حَدَّثَنَا مُسَدَّدٌ، حَدَّثَنَا يَحْيَى، حَدَّثَنَا شُعْبَةُ، ح وحَدَّثَنَا عُثْمَانُ بْنُ أَبِي شَيْبَةَ، حَدَّثَنَا وَكِيعُ بْنُ الْجَرَّاحِ، عَنْ سُفْيَانَ، جَمِيعًا عَنِ ابْنِ الْأَصْبَهَانِيِّ، عَنْ مُجَاهِدِ بْنِ وَرْدَانَ، عَنْ عُرْوَةَ، عَنْ عَائِشَةَ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهَا: أَنَّ مَوْلًى لِلنَّبِيِّ صلّى الله عليه وسلم مَاتَ، وَتَرَكَ شَيْئًا وَلَمْ يَدَعْ وَلَدًا، وَلَا حَمِيمًا، فَقَالَ النَّبِيُّ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ: «أَعْطُوا مِيرَاثَهُ رَجُلًا مِنْ أَهْلِ قَرْيَتِهِ»، قَالَ أَبُو دَاوُدَ: «وَحَدِيثُ سُفْيَانَ أَتَمُّ» وَقَالَ مُسَدَّدٌ: قَالَ: فَقَالَ النَّبِيُّ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ: «هَاهُنَا أَحَدٌ مَنْ أَهْلِ أَرْضِهِ؟» قَالُوا: نَعَمْ، قَالَ: «فَأَعْطُوهُ مِيرَاثَهُ»

English translation

2903. It was reported from 'Abdullāh bin Buraidah, from his father, who said: "A man came to the Messenger of Allāh ﷺ and said: 'I have some inheritance left by a man from Azd, and I cannot find anybody from Azd so that I can give it to him.' He said: 'Search for a man of Azd for a year.' He came to him after a year, and said: 'O Messenger of Allāh! I could not find any man from Azd so that I can give it to him.' He replied: 'Go and find a person from Khuzā'ah, the first person you get from them give it to him.' When he turned away, he (the Prophet ﷺ) said: 'Call the man for me.' When he came back, he said: 'Find the eldest man of Khuzā'ah and give it to him.'" (Da'if)

Arabic text

2903 - حَدَّثَنَا عَبْدُ اللَّهِ بْنُ سَعِيدٍ الْكِنْدِيُّ، حَدَّثَنَا الْمُحَارِبِيُّ، عَنْ جِبْرِيلَ بْنِ أَحْمَرَ، عَنْ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ بُرَيْدَةَ، عَنْ أَبِيهِ، قَالَ: أَتَى النَّبِيَّ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ رَجُلٌ، فَقَالَ: إِنَّ عِنْدِي مِيرَاثَ رَجُلٍ مِنَ الْأَزْدِ، وَلَسْتُ أَجِدُ أَزْدِيًّا أَدْفَعُهُ إِلَيْهِ؟ قَالَ: «اذْهَبْ فَالْتَمِسْ أَزْدِيًّا حَوْلًا» قَالَ: فَأَتَاهُ بَعْدَ الْحَوْلِ، فَقَالَ: يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ، لَمْ أَجِدْ أَزْدِيًّا أَدْفَعُهُ إِلَيْهِ؟ قَالَ: «فَانْطَلِقْ فَانْظُرْ أَوَّلَ خُزَاعِيٍّ تَلْقَاهُ فَادْفَعْهُ إِلَيْهِ» فَلَمَّا وَلَّى قَالَ: «عَلَيَّ الرَّجُلُ» فَلَمَّا جَاءَهُ، قَالَ: «انْظُرْ كُبْرَ خُزَاعَةَ فَادْفَعْهُ إِلَيْهِ»

English translation

2904. (Another chain) from Ibn Buraidah, from his father who said: "A man from Khuzā'ah died, and his estate was brought to the Prophet ﷺ, so he said: 'Search for an heir of his, or a relation of the womb (maternal relative).' They did not find any heir for him nor any relation of the womb. The Messenger of Allāh ﷺ said: 'Give it to the elder of Khuzā'ah.'" (Da'if)Yaḥyā (one of the narrators) said:[1] "I heard him once say in this narration: 'Look for the eldest man of Khuzā'ah.'"

Arabic text

2904 - حَدَّثَنَا الْحُسَيْنُ بْنُ أَسْوَدَ الْعِجْلِيُّ، حَدَّثَنَا يَحْيَى بْنُ آدَمَ، حَدَّثَنَا شَرِيكٌ، عَنْ جِبْرِيلَ بْنِ أَحْمَرَ أَبِي بَكْرٍ، عَنِ ابْنِ بُرَيْدَةَ، عَنْ أَبِيهِ، قَالَ: مَاتَ رَجُلٌ مِنْ خُزَاعَةَ، فَأُتِيَ النَّبِيُّ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ بِمِيرَاثِهِ، فَقَالَ: «الْتَمِسُوا لَهُ وَارِثًا، أَوْ ذَا رَحِمٍ»، فَلَمْ يَجِدُوا لَهُ وَارِثًا وَلَا ذَا رَحِمٍ، فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ: «أَعْطُوهُ الْكُبْرَ مِنْ خُزَاعَةَ» وَقَالَ يَحْيَى: قَدْ سَمِعْتُهُ مَرَّةً يَقُولُ فِي هَذَا الْحَدِيثِ: «انْظُرُوا أَكْبَرَ رَجُلٍ مِنْ خُزَاعَةَ»

English translation

2905. It was reported from Ibn 'Abbās who said: "A man died and did not leave behind an heir except a boy slave of his whom he had freed. The Messenger of Allāh ﷺ asked: 'Does he have any heir?' They replied: 'No, except a slave of his whom he had freed.' The Messenger of Allāh ﷺ allocated the property to him." (Hasan)

Arabic text

2905 - حَدَّثَنَا مُوسَى بْنُ إِسْمَاعِيلَ، حَدَّثَنَا حَمَّادٌ، أَخْبَرَنَا عَمْرُو بْنُ دِينَارٍ، عَنْ عَوْسَجَةَ، عَنِ ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ، أَنَّ رَجُلًا مَاتَ وَلَمْ يَدَعْ وَارِثًا إِلَّا غُلَامًا لَهُ كَانَ أَعْتَقَهُ، فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ: «هَلْ لَهُ أَحَدٌ؟» قَالُوا: لَا، إِلَّا غُلَامًا لَهُ كَانَ أَعْتَقَهُ، فَجَعَلَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ مِيرَاثَهُ لَهُ

English translation

2906. It was reported from Wāthilah bin Al-Asqa' from the Prophet ﷺ who: "A woman can inherit from the following three: One she has freed, a foundling she found, and her child about whom the Li'an was invoked." (Da'if)

Arabic text

2906 - حَدَّثَنَا إِبْرَاهِيمُ بْنُ مُوسَى الرَّازِيُّ، حَدَّثَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ حَرْبٍ، حَدَّثَنِي عُمَرُ بْنُ رُؤْبَةَ التَّغْلِبِيُّ، عَنْ عَبْدِ الْوَاحِدِ بْنِ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ النَّصْرِيِّ، عَنْ وَاثِلَةَ بْنِ الْأَسْقَعِ، عَنِ النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ، قَالَ: " الْمَرْأَةُ تُحْرِزُ ثَلَاثَةَ مَوَارِيثَ: عَتِيقَهَا، وَلَقِيطَهَا، وَوَلَدَهَا الَّذِي لَاعَنَتْ عَنْهُ "

English translation

2907. It was reported from Makhūl, who said: "The Messenger of Allāh ﷺ assigned the inheritance of a child in the case of Li'ān to his mother, and to her heirs after her." (Da'īf)

Arabic text

2907 - حَدَّثَنَا مَحْمُودُ بْنُ خَالِدٍ، وَمُوسَى بْنُ عَامِرٍ، قَالَا حَدَّثَنَا الْوَلِيدُ، أَخْبَرَنَا ابْنُ جَابِرٍ، حَدَّثَنَا مَكْحُولٌ، قَالَ: «جَعَلَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ مِيرَاثَ ابْنِ الْمُلَاعَنَةِ لِأُمِّهِ، وَلِوَرَثَتِهَا مِنْ بَعْدِهَا»،

English translation

2908. It was reported from 'Amr bin Shu'aib, from his father, from his grandfather, from the Prophet ﷺ, similarly (as no. 2907). (Da'īf)

Arabic text

2908 - حَدَّثَنَا مُوسَى بْنُ عَامِرٍ، حَدَّثَنَا الْوَلِيدُ، أَخْبَرَنِي عِيسَى أَبُو مُحَمَّدٍ، عَنِ الْعَلَاءِ بْنِ الْحَارِثِ، عَنْ عَمْرِو بْنِ شُعَيْبٍ، عَنْ أَبِيهِ، عَنْ جَدِّهِ، عَنِ النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ مِثْلَهُ

English translation

2909. It was reported from Usāmah bin Zaid, from the Prophet ﷺ, that he said: "The Muslim does not inherit from the disbeliever, and the disbeliever does not inherit from the Muslim." (Saḥīḥ)

Arabic text

2909 - حَدَّثَنَا مُسَدَّدٌ، حَدَّثَنَا سُفْيَانُ، عَنِ الزُّهْرِيِّ، عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ حُسَيْنٍ، عَنْ عَمْرِو بْنِ عُثْمَانَ، عَنْ أُسَامَةَ بْنِ زَيْدٍ، عَنِ النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ، قَالَ: «لَا يَرِثُ الْمُسْلِمُ الْكَافِرَ، وَلَا الْكَافِرُ الْمُسْلِمَ»

English translation

2910. (Another chain) from Usāmah bin Zaid, who said: "I said: 'O Messenger of Allāh! Where are you going to stay tomorrow?' — during his Hajj. He replied: 'And has 'Aqīl left any house for us?' Then he said: 'We are going to descend in the Khaif of Banū Kinānah, the place where the Quraish swore upon disbelief.'" Meaning; Al-Muḥaṣṣab, and that was because Banū Kinānah gave their oath along with the Quraish against Banū Hāshim that they will not intermarry, nor do any business transactions with them, nor will grant them any refuge. (Ṣaḥīḥ) Az-Zuhri (one of the narrators) said: "Khaif means a valley."

Arabic text

٢٩١٠ - حَدَّثَنَا أَحْمَدُ بْنُ حَنْبَلٍ، حَدَّثَنَا عَبْدُ الرَّزَّاقِ، أَخْبَرَنَا مَعْمَرٌ، عَنِ الزُّهْرِيِّ، عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ حُسَيْنٍ، عَنْ عَمْرِو بْنِ عُثْمَانَ، عَنْ أُسَامَةَ بْنِ زَيْدٍ، قَالَ: قُلْتُ: يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ، أَيْنَ تَنْزِلُ غَدًا فِي حِجَّتِهِ؟ قَالَ: «وَهَلْ تَرَكَ لَنَا عَقِيلٌ مَنْزِلًا؟» ثُمَّ قَالَ: " نَحْنُ نَازِلُونَ بِخَيْفِ بَنِي كِنَانَةَ، حَيْثُ تَقَاسَمَتْ قُرَيْشٌ عَلَى الْكُفْرِ - يَعْنِي الْمُحَصَّبِ - وَذَاكَ أَنَّ بَنِي كِنَانَةَ حَالَفَتْ قُرَيْشًا عَلَى بَنِي هَاشِمٍ: أَنْ لَا يُنَاكِحُوهُمْ، وَلَا يُبَايِعُوهُمْ، وَلَا يُؤْوُوهُمْ "، قَالَ الزُّهْرِيُّ: «وَالْخَيْفُ الْوَادِي»

English translation

2911. It was reported from 'Abdullāh bin 'Amr who said: "The Messenger of Allāh ﷺ said: 'The people of two religions do not inherit (each other) at all.'" (Hasan)

Arabic text

2911 - حَدَّثَنَا مُوسَى بْنُ إِسْمَاعِيلَ، حَدَّثَنَا حَمَّادٌ، عَنْ حَبِيبٍ الْمُعَلِّمِ، عَنْ عَمْرِو بْنِ شُعَيْبٍ، عَنْ أَبِيهِ، عَنْ جَدِّهِ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ عَمْروٍ، قَالَ: قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ: «لَا يَتَوَارَثُ أَهْلُ مِلَّتَيْنِ شَتَّى»

English translation

2912. It was reported from 'Abdullāh bin Buraidah, that two brothers (brought their) dispute to Yahyā bin Ya'mar; a Jew and a Muslim. He made the Muslim heir among them. He (Yahyā) said: "Abū Al-Aswad narrated to me, that a man narrated to him that Mu'adh said: 'I heard the Messenger of Allāh ﷺ saying: Islam increases (one) and does not decrease (one).” So he made the Muslim the heir. (Da'if)

Arabic text

2912 - حَدَّثَنَا مُسَدَّدٌ، حَدَّثَنَا عَبْدُ الْوَارِثِ، عَنْ عَمْرِو بْنِ أَبِي حَكِيمٍ الْوَاسِطِيِّ، حَدَّثَنَا عَبْدُ اللَّهِ بْنُ بُرَيْدَةَ، أَنَّ أَخَوَيْنِ، اخْتَصَمَا إِلَى يَحْيَى بْنِ يَعْمَرَ، يَهُودِيٌّ وَمُسْلِمٌ، فَوَرَّثَ الْمُسْلِمَ مِنْهُمَا، وَقَالَ: حَدَّثَنِي أَبُو الْأَسْوَدِ، أَنَّ رَجُلًا، حَدَّثَهُ أَنَّ مُعَاذًا، حَدَّثَهُ قَالَ: سَمِعْتُ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ يَقُولُ: «الْإِسْلَامُ يَزِيدُ وَلَا يَنْقُصُ، فَوَرَّثَ الْمُسْلِمَ»،

English translation

2913. (Another chain) from 'Abdullāh bin Buraidah, from Yaḥya bin Ya'mar, from Abū Al-Aswad Ad-Dīlī, that the inheritance of a Jew whose heir was a Muslim was brought to Mu'adh — (narrating it) with its meaning, from the Prophet ﷺ. (Da'if)

Arabic text

2913 - حَدَّثَنَا مُسَدَّدٌ، حَدَّثَنَا يَحْيَى بْنُ سَعِيدٍ، عَنْ شُعْبَةَ، عَنْ عَمْرِو بْنِ أَبِي حَكِيمٍ، عَنْ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ بُرَيْدَةَ، عَنْ يَحْيَى بْنِ يَعْمَرَ، عَنْ أَبِي الْأَسْوَدِ الدِّيلِيِّ، أَنَّ مُعَاذًا، أُتِيَ بِمِيرَاثِ يَهُودِيٍّ وَارِثُهُ مُسْلِمٌ بِمَعْنَاهُ، عَنِ النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ

English translation

2914. It was reported from Abū Ash-Sh'athā', from Ibn 'Abbās, may Allāh be pleased with him, who said: "The Prophet ﷺ said: 'Every division (of inheritance) that was allocated according to (the rules of) Jāhiliyyah, stands as it is; and every division that was allocated after the advent of Islam stands according to the rules of (inheritance of) Islam.'" (Hasan)

Arabic text

2914 - حَدَّثَنَا حَجَّاجُ بْنُ أَبِي يَعْقُوبَ، حَدَّثَنَا مُوسَى بْنُ دَاوُدَ، حَدَّثَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ مُسْلِمٍ، عَنْ عَمْرِو بْنِ دِينَارٍ، عَنْ أَبِي الشَّعْثَاءِ، عَنِ ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ، قَالَ: قَالَ النَّبِيُّ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ: «كُلُّ قَسْمٍ، قُسِمَ فِي الْجَاهِلِيَّةِ فَهُوَ عَلَى مَا قُسِمَ لَهُ، وَكُلُّ قَسْمٍ أَدْرَكَهُ الْإِسْلَامُ فَهُوَ عَلَى قَسْمِ الْإِسْلَامِ»

English translation

2915. It was reported from Ibn 'Umar, that 'Aishah, the Mother of the Believers, may Allāh be pleased with her, wanted to buy a slave-girl so that she could free her. Her people (owners) said: "We will sell her to you on the condition that the Walā' (right of inheriting from her) will be ours." She mentioned it to the Messenger of Allāh ﷺ. He said: "That should not prevent you, for the Walā' is for whoever freed (the slave)." (Sahih)

Arabic text

٢٩١٥ - حَدَّثَنَا قُتَيْبَةُ بْنُ سَعِيدٍ، قَالَ: قُرِئَ عَلَى مَالِكٍ، وَأَنَا حَاضِرٌ، قَالَ مَالِكٌ: عَرَضَ عَلَيَّ نَافِعٌ، عَنِ ابْنِ عُمَرَ، أَنَّ عَائِشَةَ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهَا، أُمَّ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ أَرَادَتْ أَنْ تَشْتَرِيَ جَارِيَةً تَعْتِقُهَا، فَقَالَ: أَهْلُهَا نَبِيعُكِهَا عَلَى أَنَّ وَلَاءَهَا لَنَا، فَذَكَرَتْ عَائِشَةُ ذَاكَ لِرَسُولِ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ، فَقَالَ: «لَا يَمْنَعُكِ ذَلِكَ فَإِنَّ الْوَلَاءَ لِمَنْ أَعْتَقَ»

English translation

2916. It was reported from Al-Aswad, from 'Aishah, who said: "The Messenger of Allāh ﷺ said: 'The Walā' is for whoever paid the price and conferred the favor.'" (Sahih)

Arabic text

٢٩١٦ - حَدَّثَنَا عُثْمَانُ بْنُ أَبِي شَيْبَةَ، حَدَّثَنَا وَكِيعُ بْنُ الْجَرَّاحِ، عَنْ سُفْيَانَ ⦗١٢٧⦘ الثَّوْرِيِّ، عَنْ مَنْصُورٍ، عَنْ إِبْرَاهِيمَ، عَنِ الْأَسْوَدِ، عَنْ عَائِشَةَ، قَالَتْ: قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ: «الْوَلَاءُ لِمَنْ أَعْطَى الثَّمَنَ وَوَلِيَ النِّعْمَةَ»

English translation

2917. (A) It was reported from Husain Al-Mu'allim, from 'Amr bin Shu'aib, from his father, from his grandfather, that Ri'ab bin Hudhaifah married a woman, and three sons were born to her from him. Their mother then died. They inherited her property and the Walā' of her freed slaves. 'Amr bin Al-'Ās was an Asabah among them. He sent them to Ash-Shām, where they died. When 'Amr bin Al-'Āṣ arrived, a freed slave of hers had died and left some property behind for him. Her brothers dispute took their before 'Umar bin Al-Khaṭṭāb. 'Umar said: "The Messenger of Allāh ﷺ said: 'Whatever property a son or a father gains as an heir will be for his ʾAṣabah after him, whomever they may be.'" He said: "He wrote a document for him, witnessed by 'Abdur-Rahmān bin 'Awf and Zaid bin Thābit, and another man. When 'Abdul-Malik became the Khalifah, they presented the case to Hishām bin Ismā'il — or Ismā'il bin Hishām. He sent them to 'Abdul-Malik. He said: 'This is from the decision which I had seen.'" He said: "Then he made the decision based on the document of 'Umar bin Al-Khaṭṭāb, and we are following that until this time." (Hasan) 2917 (B). [It was reported from Hammād, from Ĥumaid who said: "People have accused 'Amr bin Shu'āib for this (no. 2917 A) Hadīth." (Hasan) Abū Dāwud said: It was reported from Abū Bakr, 'Umar and 'Uthmān, contrary to this Hadīth, and it was reported similar to this from 'Alī bin Abī Tālib.]

Arabic text

2917 - حَدَّثَنَا عَبْدُ اللَّهِ بْنُ عَمْرِو بْنِ أَبِي الْحَجَّاجِ أَبُو مَعْمَرٍ، حَدَّثَنَا عَبْدُ الْوَارِثِ، عَنْ حُسَيْنٍ الْمُعَلِّمِ، عَنْ عَمْرِو بْنِ شُعَيْبٍ، عَنْ أَبِيهِ، عَنْ جَدِّهِ، أَنَّ رِئَابَ بْنَ حُذَيْفَةَ، تَزَوَّجَ امْرَأَةً فَوَلَدَتْ لَهُ ثَلَاثَةَ غِلْمَةٍ، فَمَاتَتْ أُمُّهُمْ فَوَرَّثُوهَا رِبَاعَهَا، وَوَلَاءَ مَوَالِيهَا، وَكَانَ عَمْرُو بْنُ الْعَاصِ عَصَبَةَ بَنِيهَا، فَأَخْرَجَهُمْ إِلَى الشَّامِ فَمَاتُوا، فَقَدَّم عَمْرُو بْنُ الْعَاصِ، وَمَاتَ مَوْلًى لَهَا وَتَرَكَ مَالًا لَهُ، فَخَاصَمَهُ إِخْوَتُهَا إِلَى عُمَرَ بْنِ الْخَطَّابِ، فَقَالَ عُمَرُ: قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ: «مَا أَحْرَزَ الْوَلَدُ أَوِ الْوَالِدُ، فَهُوَ لِعَصَبَتِهِ مَنْ كَانَ» قَالَ: فَكَتَبَ لَهُ كِتَابًا فِيهِ شَهَادَةُ عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ بْنِ عَوْفٍ، وَزَيْدِ بْنِ ثَابِتٍ، وَرَجُلٍ آخَرَ، فَلَمَّا اسْتُخْلِفَ عَبْدُ الْمَلِكِ اخْتَصَمُوا إِلَى هِشَامِ بْنِ إِسْمَاعِيلَ - أَوْ إِلَى إِسْمَاعِيلَ بْنِ هِشَامٍ - فَرَفَعَهُمْ إِلَى عَبْدِ الْمَلِكِ، فَقَالَ: هَذَا مِنَ الْقَضَاءِ الَّذِي مَا كُنْتُ أَرَاهُ، قَالَ: فَقَضَى لَنَا بِكِتَابِ عُمَرَ بْنِ الْخَطَّابِ فَنَحْنُ فِيهِ إِلَى السَّاعَةِ

English translation

2918. It was reported from Qabiṣāh bin Dhuʿaib — Hishām (one of the narrators) said: "From Tamīm Ad-Dārī, that he said: 'O Messenger of Allāh!'" — And Yazīd (one of the narrators) said: "That Tamīm said: 'O Messenger of Allāh! What is the Sunnah in regards of a man who accepts Islam at the hands of a man among the Muslims?' He replied: 'He is the most worthy of the people in his life and after his death.'" (Hasan)

Arabic text

2918 - حَدَّثَنَا يَزِيدُ بْنُ خَالِدِ بْنِ مَوْهَبٍ الرَّمْلِيُّ، وَهِشَامُ بْنُ عَمَّارٍ، قَالَا: حَدَّثَنَا يَحْيَى - قَالَ أَبُو دَاوُدَ: وَهُوَ ابْنُ حَمْزَةَ - عَنْ عَبْدِ الْعَزِيزِ بْنِ عُمَرَ، قَالَ: سَمِعْتُ عَبْدَ اللَّهِ بْنَ مَوْهَبٍ، يُحَدِّثُ عُمَرَ بْنَ عَبْدِ الْعَزِيزِ، عَنْ قَبِيصَةَ بْنِ ذُؤَيْبٍ، قَالَ هِشَامٌ: عَنْ تَمِيمٍ الدَّارِيِّ، أَنَّهُ قَالَ: يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ، وَقَالَ يَزِيدُ: إِنَّ تَمِيمًا، قَالَ: يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ، مَا السُّنَّةُ فِي الرَّجُلِ يُسْلِمُ عَلَى يَدَيِ الرَّجُلِ مِنَ الْمُسْلِمِينَ، قَالَ: «هُوَ أَوْلَى النَّاسِ بِمَحْيَاهُ وَمَمَاتِهِ»

English translation

2919. It was reported from Ibn ʿUmar, may Allāh be pleased with him, that he said: "The Messenger of Allāh ﷺ prohibited selling the Walāʾ and giving it as a gift." (Saḥih)

Arabic text

2919 - حَدَّثَنَا حَفْصُ بْنُ عُمَرَ، حَدَّثَنَا شُعْبَةُ، عَنْ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ دِينَارٍ، عَنِ ابْنِ عُمَرَ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُمَا، قَالَ: «نَهَى رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ عَنْ بَيْعِ الْوَلَاءِ، وَعَنْ هِبَتِهِ»

English translation

2920. It was reported from Abū Hurairah, may Allāh be pleased with him, that the Prophet ﷺ said: "If a newborn raises its voice, and then dies, it will be treated as an heir." (Ḍā'if)

Arabic text

2920 - حَدَّثَنَا حُسَيْنُ بْنُ مُعَاذٍ، حَدَّثَنَا عَبْدُ الْأَعْلَى، حَدَّثَنَا مُحَمَّدٌ يَعْنِي ابْنَ إِسْحَاقَ، عَنْ يَزِيدَ بْنِ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ قُسَيْطٍ، عَنْ أَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ، عَنِ النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ قَالَ: «إِذَا اسْتَهَلَّ الْمَوْلُودُ وُرِّثَ»

English translation

2921. It was reported from 'Ikrimah, from Ibn 'Abbās, may Allāh be pleased with him, he said: (To those also with whom you have made a pledge (brotherhood), give them their due portion.)[1] A man would make an agreement with another man with no relationship between them, that they will inherit from one another. It was abrogated by (the following Verse of Sūrah) Al-Anfāl: "But kindred by blood are nearer to one another (regarding inheritance)."[2]

Arabic text

2921 - حَدَّثَنَا أَحْمَدُ بْنُ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ ثَابِتٍ، حَدَّثَنِي عَلِيُّ بْنُ حُسَيْنٍ، عَنْ أَبِيهِ، عَنْ يَزِيدَ النَّحْوِيِّ، عَنْ عِكْرِمَةَ، عَنِ ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُمَا، قَالَ: (وَالَّذِينَ عَاقَدَتْ أَيْمَانُكُمْ فَآتُوهُمْ نَصِيبَهُمْ) " كَانَ الرَّجُلُ يُحَالِفُ الرَّجُلَ، لَيْسَ بَيْنَهُمَا نَسَبٌ، فَيَرِثُ أَحَدُهُمَا الْآخَرَ، فَنَسَخَ ذَلِكَ الْأَنْفَالُ، فَقَالَ تَعَالَى: {وَأُولُو الْأَرْحَامِ بَعْضُهُمْ أَوْلَى بِبَعْضٍ} [الأحزاب: 6] "

English translation

2922. It was reported from Sa'eed bin Jubair, from Ibn 'Abbās, regarding Allāh's Saying: (To those also with whom you have made a pledge (brotherhood), give them their due portion) He said: "When the Muhājirūn came to Al-Madīnah they used to inherit from the Anṣār instead of their blood relatives, due to the brotherhood which the Messenger of Allāh ﷺ had established between them. When the following Verse was revealed: 'And to everyone We have appointed heirs of that (property) left,'[1] it abrogated: (To those also with whom you have made a pledge (brotherhood), give them their due portion) — of help, advice and cooperation, an a will would be made for him, but the right of inheritance had gone (was abrogated)." (Saḥīḥ)

Arabic text

2922 - حَدَّثَنَا هَارُونُ بْنُ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ، حَدَّثَنَا أَبُو أُسَامَةَ، حَدَّثَنِي إِدْرِيسُ بْنُ يَزِيدَ، حَدَّثَنَا طَلْحَةُ بْنُ مُصَرِّفٍ، عَنْ سَعِيدِ بْنِ جُبَيْرٍ، عَنِ ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ، فِي قَوْلِهِ تَعَالَى: (وَالَّذِينَ عَاقَدَتْ أَيْمَانُكُمْ فَآتُوهُمْ نَصِيبَهُمْ) قَالَ: «كَانَ الْمُهَاجِرُونَ حِينَ قَدِمُوا الْمَدِينَةَ تُوَرَّثُ الْأَنْصَارَ، دُونَ ذَوِي رَحِمِهِ لِلْأُخُوَّةِ الَّتِي آخَى رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ بَيْنَهُمْ»، فَلَمَّا نَزَلَتْ هَذِهِ الْآيَةُ: {وَلِكُلٍّ جَعَلْنَا مَوَالِيَ مِمَّا تَرَكَ} [النساء: 33] قَالَ: نَسَخَتْهَا: {وَالَّذِينَ عَقَدَتْ أَيْمَانُكُمْ فَآتُوهُمْ نَصِيبَهُمْ} [النساء: 33] مِنَ النَّصْرِ وَالنَّصِيحَةِ وَالرِّفَادَةِ، وَيُوصِي لَهُ، وَقَدْ ذَهَبَ الْمِيرَاثُ "

English translation

2923. It was reported from Dāwud bin Al-Ḥusain, who said: "I was reciting (the Qur'ān) before Umm Sa'd bint Ar-Rabi', and she was an orphan under the guardianship of Abū Bakr. I recited to her: (To those also with whom you have made a pledge). She said: "Do not read: (To those also with whom you have made a pledge). This was revealed about Abū Bakr and his son 'Abdur-Raḥmān when he refused to accept Islam. Abū Bakr took an oath never to give him any share of inheritance. When he accepted Islam, Allāh's Prophet ﷺ ordered him to give his share. 'Abdul-'Aziz (one of the narrators) added: "He did not accept Islam until he was urged by sword." (Da'if) Abū Dāwud said: Whoever said 'Aqadat it means a pact, and whoever said: 'Āqadat it means the party who made the pact. The Hadīth of Ṭalḥah is correct: 'Aqadat.[1]

Arabic text

2923 - حَدَّثَنَا أَحْمَدُ بْنُ حَنْبَلٍ، وَعَبْدُ الْعَزِيزِ بْنُ يَحْيَى الْمَعْنَى - قَالَ أَحْمَدُ - حَدَّثَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ سَلَمَةَ، عَنِ ابْنِ إِسْحَاقَ، عَنْ دَاوُدَ بْنِ الْحُصَيْنِ، قَالَ: كُنْتُ أَقْرَأُ عَلَى أُمِّ سَعْدٍ بِنْتِ الرَّبِيعِ - وَكَانَتْ يَتِيمَةً فِي حِجْرِ أَبِي بَكْرٍ - فَقَرَأْتُ: {وَالَّذِينَ عَقَدَتْ أَيْمَانُكُمْ} [النساء: 33]، فَقَالَتْ: لَا تَقْرَأْ: {وَالَّذِينَ عَقَدَتْ أَيْمَانُكُمْ} [النساء: 33]، إِنَّمَا نَزَلَتْ فِي أَبِي بَكْرٍ وَابْنِهِ عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ، حِينَ أَبَى الْإِسْلَامَ، فَحَلَفَ أَبُو بَكْرٍ أَلَّا يُوَرِّثَهُ، فَلَمَّا أَسْلَمَ أَمَرَ اللَّهُ تَعَالَى نَبِيَّهُ عَلَيْهِ السَّلَام أَنْ يُؤْتِيَهُ نَصِيبَهُ "، زَادَ عَبْدُ الْعَزِيزِ: فَمَا أَسْلَمَ حَتَّى حُمِلَ عَلَى الْإِسْلَامِ بِالسَّيْفِ، قَالَ أَبُو دَاوُدَ: " مَنْ قَالَ: {عَقَدَتْ} [النساء: 33]: جَعَلَهُ حِلْفًا، وَمَنْ قَالَ: عَاقَدَتْ جَعَلَهُ حَالِفًا، قَالَ: وَالصَّوَابُ حَدِيثُ طَلْحَةَ عَاقَدَتْ "

English translation

2924. It was reported from 'Ikrimah, from Ibn 'Abbās, may Allāh be pleased with him that he said, regarding the Verse, '(And those who believed, and emigrated and to those who believed but did not emigrate.'[2] A Bedouin (who did not emigrate to Al-Madīnah) would not inherit from an emigrant, and the emigrant would [1] That is, in narration no. 2922, Ṭalḥah bin Muṣarrif reported it from Sa'eed bin Jubair with that recitation. [2] Al-Anfāl: 8:72. not inherit from him. Then it was abrogated, so Allāh said: But kindred by blood are nearer to one another.”[1] (Hasan)

Arabic text

2924 - حَدَّثَنَا أَحْمَدُ بْنُ مُحَمَّدٍ، حَدَّثَنَا عَلِيُّ بْنُ حُسَيْنٍ، عَنْ أَبِيهِ، عَنْ يَزِيدَ النَّحْوِيِّ، عَنْ عِكْرِمَةَ، عَنِ ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ، " {وَالَّذِينَ آمَنُوا وَهَاجَرُوا} [الأنفال: 74] {وَالَّذِينَ آمَنُوا وَلَمْ يُهَاجِرُوا} [الأنفال: 72] فَكَانَ الْأَعْرَابِيُّ لَا يَرِثُ الْمُهَاجِرَ، وَلَا يَرِثُهُ الْمُهَاجِرُ، فَنَسَخَتْهَا فَقَالَ: {وَأُولُو الْأَرْحَامِ بَعْضُهُمْ أَوْلَى بِبَعْضٍ} [الأحزاب: 6] "

English translation

2925. It was reported from Jubair bin Muṭ'im who said: “The Messenger of Allāh ﷺ said: ‘There is no alliance (Hilf) in Islam, and whatever alliances existed during Jāhiliyyah; Islam only strengthened them.’” (Ṣaḥīh)

Arabic text

2925 - حَدَّثَنَا عُثْمَانُ بْنُ أَبِي شَيْبَةَ، حَدَّثَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ بِشْرٍ، وَابْنُ نُمَيْرٍ، وَأَبُو أُسَامَةَ عَنْ زَكَرِيَّا، عَنْ سَعْدِ بْنِ إِبْرَاهِيمَ، عَنْ أَبِيهِ، عَنْ جُبَيْرِ بْنِ مُطْعِمٍ، قَالَ: قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ: «لَا حِلْفَ فِي الْإِسْلَامِ، وَأَيُّمَا حِلْفٍ كَانَ فِي الْجَاهِلِيَّةِ، لَمْ يَزِدْهُ الْإِسْلَامُ إِلَّا شِدَّةً»

English translation

2926. It was reported from Anas bin Mālik that he said: “The Messenger of Allāh ﷺ established alliance (of brotherhood) between the Muhājirīn and the Anṣār in our house.” Somebody asked him: “Did the Messenger of Allāh ﷺ not say: ‘There is no alliance in Islam.’ He replied: ‘The Messenger of Allāh ﷺ established an alliance (of brotherhood) between Muhājirīn and the Anṣār in our house.’” He said it two or three times. (Ṣaḥīh)

Arabic text

2926 - حَدَّثَنَا مُسَدَّدٌ، حَدَّثَنَا سُفْيَانُ، عَنْ عَاصِمٍ الْأَحْوَلِ، قَالَ: سَمِعْتُ أَنَسَ بْنَ مَالِكٍ، يَقُولُ: حَالَفَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ بَيْنَ الْمُهَاجِرِينَ وَالْأَنْصَارِ فِي دَارِنَا، فَقِيلَ لَهُ: أَلَيْسَ قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ: «لَا حِلْفَ فِي الْإِسْلَامِ»، فَقَالَ: «حَالَفَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ بَيْنَ الْمُهَاجِرِينَ وَالْأَنْصَارِ فِي دَارِنَا مَرَّتَيْنِ أَوْ ثَلَاثًا»

English translation

2927. It was reported from Sa'eed who said: " 'Umar bin Al-Khaṭṭāb used to say: 'Blood money is only for the ʿAqilah. and the wife will not inherit anything from it' until Ad-Daḥḥāk bin Sufyān said: 'The Messenger of Allāh ﷺ wrote to me to give a share from the blood money of Ashyam Ad-Dībābī to his wife.' So 'Umar withdrew (his ruling)." (Ṣaḥīḥ) Aḥmad bin Ṣāliḥ (one of the narrators) said: " 'Abdur-Razzāq narrated this Ḥadīth to us, from Ma'mar, from Az-Zuhri, from Sa'eed. He said in it: "The Prophet ﷺ had put him in authority over the Bedouins."

Arabic text

2927 - حَدَّثَنَا أَحْمَدُ بْنُ صَالِحٍ، حَدَّثَنَا سُفْيَانُ، عَنِ الزُّهْرِيِّ، عَنْ سَعِيدٍ، قَالَ: كَانَ عُمَرُ بْنُ الْخَطَّابِ: يَقُولُ: الدِّيَةُ لِلْعَاقِلَةِ، وَلَا تَرِثُ الْمَرْأَةُ مِنْ دِيَةِ زَوْجِهَا شَيْئًا، حَتَّى قَالَ لَهُ الضَّحَّاكُ بْنُ سُفْيَانَ: كَتَبَ إِلَيَّ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صلّى الله عليه وسلم: «أَنْ أُوَرِّثَ امْرَأَةَ أَشْيَمَ الضِّبَابِيِّ، مِنْ دِيَةِ زَوْجِهَا» فَرَجَعَ عُمَرُ قَالَ أَحْمَدُ بْنُ صَالِحٍ: حَدَّثَنَا عَبْدُ الرَّزَّاقِ، بِهَذَا الْحَدِيثِ، عَنْ مَعْمَرٍ، عَنِ الزُّهْرِيِّ، عَنْ سَعِيدٍ، وَقَالَ فِيهِ: وَكَانَ النَّبِيُّ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ اسْتَعْمَلَهُ عَلَى الْأَعْرَابِ