6. The Chapters On Fasting From The Messenger of Allāh ﷺ

English translation

682. Abū Hurairah narrated that the Messenger of Allāh ﷺ said: "On the first night of the month of Ramaḍān, the Shayāṭīn are shackled, the jinns are restrained, the gates of the Fires are shut such that no gate among them would be opened. The gates of Paradise are opened such that no gate among them would be closed, and a caller calls: 'O seeker of the good; come near!' and 'O seeker of evil; stop! For there are those whom Allāh frees from the Fire.' And that is every night." (Hasan) (He said:) There are narrations on this topic from 'Abdur-Raḥmān bin 'Awf, Ibn Mas'ūd, and Salmān.

Arabic text

٦٨٢ - حَدَّثَنَا ‌أَبُو كُرَيْبٍ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ الْعَلَاءِ بْنِ كُرَيْبٍ، قَالَ: حَدَّثَنَا ‌أَبُو بَكْرِ بْنُ عَيَّاشٍ ، عَنِ ‌الْأَعْمَشِ ، عَنْ ‌أَبِي صَالِحٍ، عَنْ ‌أَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ قَالَ: قَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ: «إِذَا كَانَ أَوَّلُ لَيْلَةٍ مِنْ شَهْرِ رَمَضَانَ صُفِّدَتِ» الشَّيَاطِينُ وَمَرَدَةُ الْجِنِّ، وَغُلِّقَتْ أَبْوَابُ النَّارِ فَلَمْ يُفْتَحْ مِنْهَا بَابٌ، وَفُتِحَتْ أَبْوَابُ الْجَنَّةِ فَلَمْ يُغْلَقْ مِنْهَا بَابٌ، وَيُنَادِي مُنَادٍ: يَا بَاغِيَ الْخَيْرِ أَقْبِلْ، وَيَا بَاغِيَ الشَّرِّ أَقْصِرْ، وَلِلَّهِ عُتَقَاءُ مِنَ النَّارِ، وَذَلِكَ كُلَّ لَيْلَةٍ. وَفِي الْبَابِ عَنْ عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ بْنِ عَوْفٍ وَابْنِ مَسْعُودٍ وَسَلْمَانَ.

English translation

683. Abū Hurairah narrated that the Messenger of Allāh ﷺ said: "Whoever fasts Ramaḍān and stands (in the night prayer) for it out of faith and seeking a reward (from Allāh), he will be forgiven what preceded of his sins. Whoever stands (in the night prayer) on the Night of Al-Qadr out of faith and seeking a reward (from Allāh), he will be forgiven what preceded of his sins." (Hasan) This Hadīth is Ṣaḥīḥ. Abū 'Eisā said: The Hadīth of Abū Hurairah which Abū Bakr bin 'Ayyāsh reported is a Gharīb Hadīth, we do not know of it as a narration of Abū Bakr bin 'Ayyāsh from Al-A'mash, from Abū Ṣāliḥ, from Abū Hurairah except from the narration of Abū Bakr. He said: I asked Muḥammad bin Ismā'īl about this Hadīth, and he said: "Al-Ḥasan bin Ar-Rabī narrated to us, Abū Al-Aḥwaṣ narrated to us from Al-A'mash, from Muḥāhid as his own saying. He said: 'On the first night of Ramaḍān' and he mentioned the Hadīth." Muḥammad said: "This is more correct in my view, than the narration of Abū Bakr bin 'Ayyāsh."

Arabic text

٦٨٣ - حَدَّثَنَا ‌هَنَّادٌ ، قَالَ: حَدَّثَنَا ‌عَبْدَةُ ‌وَالْمُحَارِبِيُّ ، عَنْ ‌مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عَمْرٍو ، عَنْ ‌أَبِي سَلَمَةَ ، عَنْ ‌أَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ قَالَ: قَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ: «مَنْ صَامَ رَمَضَانَ وَقَامَهُ إِيمَانًا وَاحْتِسَابًا» غُفِرَ لَهُ مَا تَقَدَّمَ مِنْ ذَنْبِهِ، وَمَنْ قَامَ لَيْلَةَ الْقَدْرِ إِيمَانًا وَاحْتِسَابًا غُفِرَ لَهُ مَا تَقَدَّمَ مِنْ ذَنْبِهِ. هَذَا حَدِيثٌ صَحِيحٌ. حَدِيثُ أَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ الَّذِي رَوَاهُ أَبُو بَكْرِ بْنُ عَيَّاشٍ حَدِيثٌ غَرِيبٌ لَا نَعْرِفُهُ مِنْ رِوَايَةِ أَبِي بَكْرِ بْنِ عَيَّاشٍ عَنِ الْأَعْمَشِ عَنْ أَبِي صَالِحٍ عَنْ أَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ إِلَّا مِنْ حَدِيثِ أَبِي بَكْرٍ. وَسَأَلْتُ مُحَمَّدَ بْنَ إِسْمَاعِيلَ عَنْ هَذَا الْحَدِيثِ فَقَالَ: حَدَّثَنَا الْحَسَنُ بْنُ الرَّبِيعِ، قَالَ: حَدَّثَنَا أَبُو الْأَحْوَصِ، عَنِ الْأَعْمَشِ، عَنْ مُجَاهِدٍ قَوْلَهُ: إِذَا كَانَ أَوَّلُ لَيْلَةٍ مِنْ شَهْرِ رَمَضَانَ - فَذَكَرَ الْحَدِيثَ. قَالَ مُحَمَّدٌ: وَهَذَا أَصَحُّ عِنْدِي مِنْ حَدِيثِ أَبِي بَكْرِ بْنِ عَيَّاشٍ.

English translation

684. Abū Hurairah narrated that the Prophet ﷺ said: "Do not precede the month with a day nor with two days, unless that fast falls on a day that one of you would have (normally) fasted. Fast with its sighting, and break fast with its sighting, and if it is cloudy, then count for thirty days, and then break (the fast)." (Saḥīḥ) (He said:) There are narrations on this topic from some of the Companions of the Prophet ﷺ. Maṣṣūr bin Al-Mu'tamir informed us from Rib'i bin Hīrāsh, from some of the Companions of the Prophet ﷺ, and it is similar to this. Abū 'Eisā said: The Hadīth of Abū Hurairah is a Ḥasan Saḥīḥ Hadīth. This is acted upon according to the people of knowledge, they consider it disliked for a man to be hasty by fasting before the month of Ramaḍān begins, if he thinks that is for Ramaḍān. If a man normally performs some fast, and that fast falls on that day, then there is no harm in this according to them.

Arabic text

٦٨٤ - حَدَّثَنَا ‌أَبُو كُرَيْبٍ ، قَالَ: حَدَّثَنَا ‌عَبْدَةُ بْنُ سُلَيْمَانَ ، عَنْ ‌مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عَمْرٍو ، عَنْ ‌أَبِي سَلَمَةَ ، عَنْ ‌أَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ قَالَ: قَالَ النَّبِيُّ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ: «لَا تَقَدَّمُوا الشَّهْرَ» بِيَوْمٍ وَلَا بِيَوْمَيْنِ، إِلَّا أَنْ يُوَافِقَ ذَلِكَ صَوْمًا كَانَ يَصُومُهُ أَحَدُكُمْ، صُومُوا لِرُؤْيَتِهِ وَأَفْطِرُوا لِرُؤْيَتِهِ، فَإِنْ غُمَّ عَلَيْكُمْ فَعُدُّوا ثَلَاثِينَ ثُمَّ أَفْطِرُوا. وَفِي الْبَابِ عَنْ بَعْضِ أَصْحَابِ النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ. رَوَاهُ مَنْصُورُ بْنُ الْمُعْتَمِرِ، عَنْ رِبْعِيِّ بْنِ حِرَاشٍ، عَنْ بَعْضِ أَصْحَابِ النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ - بِنَحْوِ هَذَا. حَدِيثُ أَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ حَدِيثٌ حَسَنٌ صَحِيحٌ. وَالْعَمَلُ عَلَى هَذَا عِنْدَ أَهْلِ الْعِلْمِ؛ كَرِهُوا أَنْ يَتَعَجَّلَ الرَّجُلُ بِصِيَامٍ قَبْلَ دُخُولِ شَهْرِ رَمَضَانَ لِمَعْنَى رَمَضَانَ، وَإِنْ كَانَ رَجُلٌ يَصُومُ صَوْمًا فَوَافَقَ صِيَامُهُ ذَلِكَ فَلَا بَأْسَ بِهِ عِنْدَهُمْ.

English translation

685. Abū Hurairah narrated that the Messenger of Allāh ﷺ said: “Do not precede the month of Ramaḍān by fasting a day or two before it, unless it is the case of a man who normally performs some fast, then let him fast it.” (Ṣaḥīḥ) Abū ‘Eisā said: This Ḥadīth is Ḥasan Ṣaḥīḥ.

Arabic text

٦٨٥ - حَدَّثَنَا ‌هَنَّادٌ ، قَالَ: حَدَّثَنَا ‌وَكِيعٌ ، عَنْ ‌عَلِيِّ بْنِ الْمُبَارَكِ ، عَنْ ‌يَحْيَى بْنِ أَبِي كَثِيرٍ ، عَنْ ‌أَبِي سَلَمَةَ ، عَنْ ‌أَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ قَالَ: قَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ: «لَا تَقَدَّمُوا شَهْرَ رَمَضَانَ بِصِيَامٍ قَبْلَهُ بِيَوْمٍ أَوْ يَوْمَيْنِ»، إِلَّا أَنْ يَكُونَ رَجُلٌ كَانَ يَصُومُ صَوْمًا فَلْيَصُمْهُ. هَذَا حَدِيثٌ حَسَنٌ صَحِيحٌ.

English translation

686. Ṣilah bin Zufar said: “We were with ‘Ammār bin Yāsir when a roasted sheep was brought and he said: ‘Eat.’ Someone among the people said: ‘I am fasting.’ So ‘Ammār said: ‘Whoever fasts on a day in which there is doubt, then he has disobeyed Abul-Qāsim (ﷺ).’” (Ḍa‘īf) (He said:) There are narrations on this topic from Abū Hurairah and Anas. Abū ‘Eisā said: The Ḥadīth of ‘Ammār is a Ḥasan Ṣaḥīḥ Ḥadīth. This is acted upon according to most of the people of knowledge among the Companions of the Prophet ﷺ, and those who followed them among the Tābi‘īn. It is the view of Sufyān Ath-Thawrī, Mālik bin Anas, ‘Abdullāh bin Al-Mubārak, Ash-Shāfi'ī, Aḥmad, and Ishāq. They considered it disliked for a man to fast on the day in which there is doubt. Most of them held the view that if he fasted it and it was one of the days of Ramaḍān then he was to make up a day in place of it.[1]

Arabic text

٦٨٦ - حَدَّثَنَا ‌أَبُو سَعِيدٍ عَبْدُ اللهِ بْنُ سَعِيدٍ الْأَشَجُّ، قَالَ: حَدَّثَنَا ‌أَبُو خَالِدٍ الْأَحْمَرُ ، عَنْ ‌عَمْرِو بْنِ قَيْسٍ، عَنْ ‌أَبِي إِسْحَاقَ ، عَنْ ‌صِلَةَ بْنِ زُفَرَ قَالَ: «كُنَّا عِنْدَ ‌عَمَّارِ بْنِ يَاسِرٍ، فَأُتِيَ بِشَاةٍ مَصْلِيَّةٍ» فَقَالَ: كُلُوا! فَتَنَحَّى بَعْضُ الْقَوْمِ فَقَالَ: إِنِّي صَائِمٌ! فَقَالَ عَمَّارٌ: مَنْ صَامَ الْيَوْمَ الَّذِي يَشُكُّ فِيهِ النَّاسُ فَقَدْ عَصَى أَبَا الْقَاسِمِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ. وَفِي الْبَابِ عَنْ أَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ وَأَنَسٍ. حَدِيثُ عَمَّارٍ حَدِيثٌ حَسَنٌ صَحِيحٌ. وَالْعَمَلُ عَلَى هَذَا عِنْدَ أَكْثَرِ أَهْلِ الْعِلْمِ مِنْ أَصْحَابِ النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ وَمَنْ بَعْدَهُمْ مِنَ التَّابِعِينَ، وَبِهِ يَقُولُ سُفْيَانُ الثَّوْرِيُّ وَمَالِكُ بْنُ أَنَسٍ وَعَبْدُ اللهِ بْنُ الْمُبَارَكِ وَالشَّافِعِيُّ وَأَحْمَدُ وَإِسْحَاقُ؛ كَرِهُوا أَنْ يَصُومَ الرَّجُلُ الْيَوْمَ الَّذِي يُشَكُّ فِيهِ، وَرَأَى أَكْثَرُهُمْ إِنْ صَامَهُ فَكَانَ مِنْ شَهْرِ رَمَضَانَ أَنْ يَقْضِيَ يَوْمًا مَكَانَهُ.

English translation

687. Abū Hurairah narrated that the Messenger of Allāh ﷺ said: "Count the (the appearances of) the crescent of Sha'bān for Ramaḍān." (Da'if) Abū 'Eisā said: We do not know of the Hadīth of Abū Hurairah to be like this except from the narration of Abū Mu'āwiyah. What is correct is what is reported from Muḥammad bin 'Amr, from Abū Salamah from Abū Hurairah that the Prophet ﷺ said: "Do not precede the month of Ramaḍān by fasting a day or two days." This has been reported by Yāhya bin Abī Kathīr, from Abū Salamah, from Abū Hurairah from the Prophet ﷺ, and it is similar to the narration of Muḥammad bin 'Amr Al-Laithī.

Arabic text

٦٨٧ - حَدَّثَنَا ‌مُسْلِمُ بْنُ حَجَّاجٍ ، قَالَ: حَدَّثَنَا ‌يَحْيَى بْنُ يَحْيَى ، قَالَ: حَدَّثَنَا ‌أَبُو مُعَاوِيَةَ ، عَنْ ‌مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عَمْرٍو ، عَنْ ‌أَبِي سَلَمَةَ ، عَنْ ‌أَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ قَالَ: قَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ: «أَحْصُوا هِلَالَ شَعْبَانَ لِرَمَضَانَ». حَدِيثُ أَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ غَرِيبٌ لَا نَعْرِفُهُ مِثْلَ هَذَا إِلَّا مِنْ حَدِيثِ أَبِي مُعَاوِيَةَ، وَالصَّحِيحُ مَا رُوِيَ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عَمْرٍو عَنْ أَبِي سَلَمَةَ عَنْ أَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ عَنِ النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ، قَالَ: لَا تَقَدَّمُوا شَهْرَ رَمَضَانَ بِيَوْمٍ وَلَا يَوْمَيْنِ. وَهَكَذَا رُوِيَ عَنْ يَحْيَى بْنِ أَبِي كَثِيرٍ عَنْ أَبِي سَلَمَةَ، عَنْ أَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ، عَنِ النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ - نَحْوَ حَدِيثِ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عَمْرٍو اللَّيْثِيِّ.

English translation

688. Ibn 'Abbās narrated that the Messenger of Allāh ﷺ said: "Do not fast before Ramaḍān. Fast with its sighting, and break fast with its sighting, and if it is obscured from you, then complete thirty days." (Sahih) There are narrations on this topic from Abū Hurairah, Abū Bakrah, and Ibn 'Umar. Abū 'Eisā said: The Hadīth of Ibn 'Abbās is a Ḥasan Ṣaḥīḥ Hadīth, it has been reported from him through other routes.

Arabic text

٦٨٨ - حَدَّثَنَا ‌قُتَيْبَةُ ، قَالَ: حَدَّثَنَا ‌أَبُو الْأَحْوَصِ ، عَنْ ‌سِمَاكٍ ، عَنْ ‌عِكْرِمَةَ ، عَنِ ‌ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ قَالَ: قَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ: «لَا تَصُومُوا قَبْلَ رَمَضَانَ، صُومُوا لِرُؤْيَتِهِ وَأَفْطِرُوا لِرُؤْيَتِهِ»، فَإِنْ حَالَتْ دُونَهُ غَيَايَةٌ فَأَكْمِلُوا ثَلَاثِينَ يَوْمًا. وَفِي الْبَابِ عَنْ أَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ وَأَبِي بَكْرَةَ وَابْنِ عُمَرَ. حَدِيثُ ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ حَدِيثٌ حَسَنٌ صَحِيحٌ، وَقَدْ رُوِيَ عَنْهُ مِنْ غَيْرِ وَجْهٍ.

English translation

689. Ibn Mas'ūd said: "What I fasted with the Prophet ﷺ that was twenty-nine[1] (days), was more than what we fasted that was thirty." (Sahīh) (He said:) There are narrations on this topic from 'Umar, Abū Hurairah, 'Āishah, Sa'd bin Abī Waqqāsh, Ibn 'Abbās, Ibn 'Umar, Anas, Jābir, Umm Salamah, Abū Bakrah, that the Prophet ﷺ said: "The month is twenty-nine (days)."

Arabic text

٦٨٩ - حَدَّثَنَا ‌أَحْمَدُ بْنُ مَنِيعٍ ، قَالَ: حَدَّثَنَا ‌يَحْيَى بْنُ زَكَرِيَّا بْنِ أَبِي زَائِدَةَ ، قَالَ: أَخْبَرَنِي ‌عِيسَى بْنُ دِينَارٍ ، عَنْ ‌أَبِيهِ ، عَنْ ‌عَمْرِو بْنِ الْحَارِثِ بْنِ أَبِي ضِرَارٍ، عَنِ ‌ابْنِ مَسْعُودٍ قَالَ: «مَا صُمْتُ مَعَ النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ تِسْعًا وَعِشْرِينَ» أَكْثَرُ مِمَّا صُمْنَا ثَلَاثِينَ. وَفِي الْبَابِ عَنْ عُمَرَ وَأَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ وَعَائِشَةَ وَسَعْدِ بْنِ أَبِي وَقَّاصٍ وَابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ وَابْنِ عُمَرَ وَأَنَسٍ وَجَابِرٍ وَأُمِّ سَلَمَةَ وَأَبِي بَكْرَةَ أَنَّ النَّبِيَّ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ قَالَ: الشَّهْرُ يَكُونُ تِسْعًا وَعِشْرِينَ.

English translation

690. Anas narrated: "The Messenger of Allāh ﷺ vowed to stay away from his wives for a month, so he stayed in a loft for twenty-nine days. They said: 'O Messenger of Allāh, your vow was for a month,' so he said: 'The month is twenty-nine (days).'" (Sahih) Abū 'Eisā said: This Hadīth is Ḥasan Sahīh.

Arabic text

٦٩٠ - حَدَّثَنَا ‌عَلِيُّ بْنُ حُجْرٍ ، قَالَ: حَدَّثَنَا ‌إِسْمَاعِيلُ بْنُ جَعْفَرٍ ، عَنْ ‌حُمَيْدٍ ، عَنْ ‌أَنَسٍ أَنَّهُ قَالَ: «آلَى» رَسُولُ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ مِنْ نِسَائِهِ شَهْرًا، فَأَقَامَ فِي مَشْرُبَةٍ تِسْعًا وَعِشْرِينَ يَوْمًا، قَالُوا: يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ، إِنَّكَ آلَيْتَ شَهْرًا؟ فَقَالَ: الشَّهْرُ تِسْعٌ وَعِشْرُونَ. هَذَا حَدِيثٌ حَسَنٌ صَحِيحٌ.

English translation

691. Ibn 'Abbās narrated: "A Bedouin came to the Prophet ﷺ and said: 'I have seen the crescent.' So he said: 'Do you testify that none has the right to the worshipped but Allāh? Do you testify that Muḥammad is the Messenger of Allāh ﷺ?'" He said: 'Yes.' So he said: 'O Bilāl! Announce to the people that they should fast tomorrow.'" (Da'if) (Another route) from Simāk (one of the narrators) that is similar (with this chain). Abū 'Eisā said: There is some differing (in the narration of) the Hadīth of Ibn 'Abbās. It was reported by Sufyān Ath-Thawrī and others from Simāk bin Ḥarb, from 'Ikrimah, from the Prophet ﷺ which is Mursal, and most of the companions of Simāk reported it from Simāk from 'Ikrimah from the Prophet ﷺ in Mursal form. This Hadīth is acted upon according to most of the people of knowledge. They say that the testimony of one man is accepted for fasting. This is the view of Ibn Al-Mubārak, Ash-Shāfi'i, Ahmad, (and the people of Al-Kūfah). Ishāq said that fasting is not begun without the testimony of two men, and there is no disagreement among the people of knowledge regarding breaking the fast; that it is not accepted in that case without the testimony of two men.

Arabic text

٦٩١ - حَدَّثَنَا ‌مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ إِسْمَاعِيلَ ، قَالَ: حَدَّثَنَا ‌مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ الصَّبَّاحِ ، قَالَ: حَدَّثَنَا ‌الْوَلِيدُ بْنُ أَبِي ثَوْرٍ ، عَنْ ‌سِمَاكٍ ، عَنْ ‌عِكْرِمَةَ ، عَنِ ‌ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ قَالَ: «جَاءَ أَعْرَابِيٌّ» إِلَى النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ فَقَالَ: إِنِّي رَأَيْتُ الْهِلَالَ، قَالَ: أَتَشْهَدُ أَنْ لَا إِلَهَ إِلَّا اللهُ؟ أَتَشْهَدُ أَنَّ مُحَمَّدًا رَسُولُ اللهِ؟ قَالَ: نَعَمْ، قَالَ: يَا بِلَالُ، أَذِّنْ فِي النَّاسِ أَنْ يَصُومُوا غَدًا. ٦٩١ (م) - حَدَّثَنَا ‌أَبُو كُرَيْبٍ ، قَالَ: حَدَّثَنَا ‌حُسَيْنٌ الْجُعْفِيُّ ، عَنْ ‌زَائِدَةَ ، عَنْ ‌سِمَاكٍ - نَحْوَهُ بِهَذَا الْإِسْنَادِ. حَدِيثُ ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ فِيهِ اخْتِلَافٌ. وَرَوَى سُفْيَانُ الثَّوْرِيُّ وَغَيْرُهُ عَنْ سِمَاكٍ، عَنْ عِكْرِمَةَ، عَنِ النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ مُرْسَلًا، وَأَكْثَرُ أَصْحَابِ سِمَاكٍ رَوَوْا عَنْ سِمَاكٍ، عَنْ عِكْرِمَةَ، عَنِ النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ - مُرْسَلًا. وَالْعَمَلُ عَلَى هَذَا الْحَدِيثِ عِنْدَ أَكْثَرِ أَهْلِ الْعِلْمِ؛ قَالُوا: تُقْبَلُ شَهَادَةُ رَجُلٍ وَاحِدٍ فِي الصِّيَامِ، وَبِهِ يَقُولُ ابْنُ الْمُبَارَكِ وَالشَّافِعِيُّ وَأَحْمَدُ وَأَهْلُ الْكُوفَةِ. قَالَ إِسْحَاقُ: لَا يُصَامُ إِلَّا بِشَهَادَةِ رَجُلَيْنِ. وَلَمْ يَخْتَلِفْ أَهْلُ الْعِلْمِ فِي الْإِفْطَارِ أَنَّهُ لَا يُقْبَلُ فِيهِ إِلَّا شَهَادَةُ رَجُلَيْنِ.

English translation

692. 'Abdur-Rahmān bin Abī Bakrah narrated from his father that the Messenger of Allāh ﷺ said: "The two months of 'Eid will not both be deficient: Ramaḍān and Dhul-Hijjah." (Ṣaḥīḥ) Abū 'Eisā said: The Hadīth of Abū Bakrah is a Ḥasan Hadīth. This Hadīth has been reported from 'Abdur-Rahmān bin Abī Bakr from the Prophet ﷺ in Mursal form. Ahmad commented on the meaning of the Hadīth "The two months of 'Eid will not both be deficient" saying: "Ramaḍān and Dhul-Hijjah will not both be decreased in the same year, if one of them is decreased, then the other one will be complete." Ishāq said: "It means that they will not be deficient." He said: "If it is twenty-nine days, it will still be complete, not deficient." So according to the view of Ishāq it is possible that the two months would be decreased in the same year.

Arabic text

٦٩٢ - حَدَّثَنَا ‌يَحْيَى بْنُ خَلَفٍ الْبَصْرِيُّ ، قَالَ: حَدَّثَنَا ‌بِشْرُ بْنُ الْمُفَضَّلِ ، عَنْ ‌خَالِدٍ الْحَذَّاءِ ، عَنْ ‌عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ بْنِ أَبِي بَكْرَةَ ، عَنْ ‌أَبِيهِ قَالَ: قَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ: «شَهْرَا» عِيدٍ لَا يَنْقُصَانِ: رَمَضَانُ، وَذُو الْحِجَّةِ. حَدِيثُ أَبِي بَكْرَةَ حَدِيثٌ حَسَنٌ. وَقَدْ رُوِيَ هَذَا الْحَدِيثُ عَنْ عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ بْنِ أَبِي بَكْرَةَ، عَنِ النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ - مُرْسَلًا. قَالَ أَحْمَدُ: مَعْنَى هَذَا الْحَدِيثِ شَهْرَا عِيدٍ لَا يَنْقُصَانِ؛ يَقُولُ: لَا يَنْقُصَانِ مَعًا فِي سَنَةٍ وَاحِدَةٍ: شَهْرُ رَمَضَانَ، وَذُو الْحِجَّةِ؛ إِنْ نَقَصَ أَحَدُهُمَا تَمَّ الْآخَرُ. وَقَالَ إِسْحَاقُ: مَعْنَاهُ لَا يَنْقُصَانِ، يَقُولُ: وَإِنْ كَانَ تِسْعًا وَعِشْرِينَ فَهُوَ تَمَامٌ غَيْرُ نُقْصَانٍ. وَعَلَى مَذْهَبِ إِسْحَاقَ يَكُونُ يَنْقُصُ الشَّهْرَانِ مَعًا فِي سَنَةٍ وَاحِدَةٍ.

English translation

703. Muḥammad bin Abī Ḥarmalah narrated: "Kuraib informed me that Umm Al-Faḍl bint Al-Ḥārith sent him to Mu'āwiyah in Ash-Shām. He said: 'So I arrived in Ash-Shām and finished her errand, and I saw the crescent of Ramaḍān while I was in Ash-Shām. We saw the crescent on the night of Friday. Then I arrived in Al-Maḍīnah at the end of the month. Ibn 'Abbās was questioning me, then he mentioned the crescent and he said: "When did you see the crescent?" I said: "We saw it on the night of Friday." He said: "Did you see it on the night of Friday?" I said: "The people saw it, so they fasted, and Mu'āwiyah fasted." He said: "But we saw it on the night of Saturday, so we will not stop fasting until we complete thrity days or we see it.” So I said: “Is not the sighting and fasting of Mu’āwiyah enough for you?” He said: “This is not how the Messenger of Allāh ﷺ ordered us.” (Ṣaḥīḥ) Abū ‘Eisā said: The Ḥadīth of Ibn ‘Abbās is a Ḥasan Ṣaḥīḥ Gharīb Ḥadīth. This Ḥadīth is acted upon according to the people of knowledge; the people of each land have their own sighting.

Arabic text

٦٩٣ - حَدَّثَنَا ‌عَلِيُّ بْنُ حُجْرٍ ، قَالَ: حَدَّثَنَا ‌إِسْمَاعِيلُ بْنُ جَعْفَرٍ ، قَالَ: حَدَّثَنَا ‌مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ أَبِي حَرْمَلَةَ ، قَالَ: أَخْبَرَنِي ‌كُرَيْبٌ «أَنَّ أُمَّ الْفَضْلِ بِنْتَ الْحَارِثِ» بَعَثَتْهُ إِلَى مُعَاوِيَةَ بِالشَّامِ، قَالَ: فَقَدِمْتُ الشَّامَ فَقَضَيْتُ حَاجَتَهَا، وَاسْتَهَلَّ عَلَيَّ هِلَالُ رَمَضَانَ وَأَنَا بِالشَّامِ، فَرَأَيْنَا الْهِلَالَ لَيْلَةَ الْجُمُعَةِ، ثُمَّ قَدِمْتُ الْمَدِينَةَ فِي آخِرِ الشَّهْرِ، فَسَأَلَنِي ‌ابْنُ عَبَّاسٍ ثُمَّ ذَكَرَ الْهِلَالَ، فَقَالَ: مَتَى رَأَيْتُمُ الْهِلَالَ؟ فَقُلْتُ: رَأَيْنَاهُ لَيْلَةَ الْجُمُعَةِ، فَقَالَ: أَأَنْتَ رَأَيْتَهُ لَيْلَةَ الْجُمُعَةِ؟ فَقُلْتُ: رَآهُ النَّاسُ وَصَامُوا وَصَامَ مُعَاوِيَةُ، قَالَ: لَكِنْ رَأَيْنَاهُ لَيْلَةَ السَّبْتِ، فَلَا نَزَالُ نَصُومُ حَتَّى نُكْمِلَ ثَلَاثِينَ يَوْمًا أَوْ نَرَاهُ، فَقُلْتُ: أَلَا تَكْتَفِي بِرُؤْيَةِ مُعَاوِيَةَ وَصِيَامِهِ؟ قَالَ: لَا، هَكَذَا أَمَرَنَا رَسُولُ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ. حَدِيثُ ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ حَدِيثٌ حَسَنٌ صَحِيحٌ غَرِيبٌ. وَالْعَمَلُ عَلَى هَذَا الْحَدِيثِ عِنْدَ أَهْلِ الْعِلْمِ؛ أَنَّ لِكُلِّ أَهْلِ بَلَدٍ رُؤْيَتَهُمْ.

English translation

694. Anas bin Mālik narrated that the Messenger of Allāh ﷺ said: “Whoever has dried dates, then let him break the fast with that, and whoever does not, then let him break the fast with water, for indeed water is purifying.” (Ṣaḥīḥ) (He said:) There is something on this topic from Salmān bin ‘Āmir. Abū ‘Eisā said: We do not know of anyone who reported the Ḥadīth of Anas from Shu’bah like this except for Sa’eed bin ‘Āmir. So it is a narration that is not preserved, we do not know any basis for it being a narration of ‘Abdul-‘Azīz bin Shuhaib from Anas. The companions of Shu'bah reported this Hadīth from Shu'bah, from 'Āsim Al-Ahwāl, from Hafṣah bint Sirīn, from Ar-Rabāb, from Salmān bin 'Āmir from the Prophet ﷺ. And it is more correct than the narration of Sa'eed bin 'Āmir. They also reported it from Shu'bah from 'Āsim, from Hafṣah bint Sirīn, from Salmān bin 'Āmir, and Shu'bah did not mention "from Ar-Rabāb" in it. What is correct is what is narrated by Sufyān Ath-Thawrī, Ibn 'Uyainah and others, from 'Āsim Al-Ahwāl, from Hafṣah bint Sirīn, from Ar-Rabāb, from Salmān bin 'Āmir.[1] Ibn 'Awn said: "From Umm Ar-Rā'ih bint Ṣulaī, from Salman bin 'Āmir," and Ar-Rabāb is Umm Ar-Rā'ih.

Arabic text

٦٩٤ - حَدَّثَنَا ‌مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ عُمَرَ بْنِ عَلِيٍّ الْمُقَدَّمِيُّ ، قَالَ: حَدَّثَنَا ‌سَعِيدُ بْنُ عَامِرٍ ، قَالَ: حَدَّثَنَا ‌شُعْبَةُ ، عَنْ ‌عَبْدِ الْعَزِيزِ بْنِ صُهَيْبٍ ، عَنْ ‌أَنَسِ بْنِ مَالِكٍ قَالَ: قَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ: «مَنْ وَجَدَ تَمْرًا فَلْيُفْطِرْ عَلَيْهِ»، وَمَنْ لَا فَلْيُفْطِرْ عَلَى مَاءٍ فَإِنَّ الْمَاءَ طَهُورٌ. وَفِي الْبَابِ عَنْ سَلْمَانَ بْنِ عَامِرٍ. حَدِيثُ أَنَسٍ لَا نَعْلَمُ أَحَدًا رَوَاهُ عَنْ شُعْبَةَ مِثْلَ هَذَا غَيْرَ سَعِيدِ بْنِ عَامِرٍ، وَهُوَ حَدِيثٌ غَيْرُ مَحْفُوظٍ، وَلَا نَعْلَمُ لَهُ أَصْلًا مِنْ حَدِيثِ عَبْدِ الْعَزِيزِ بْنِ صُهَيْبٍ عَنْ أَنَسٍ، وَقَدْ رَوَى أَصْحَابُ شُعْبَةَ هَذَا الْحَدِيثَ عَنْ شُعْبَةَ عَنْ عَاصِمٍ الْأَحْوَلِ عَنْ حَفْصَةَ بِنْتِ سِيرِينَ عَنِ الرَّبَابِ عَنْ سَلْمَانَ بْنِ عَامِرٍ عَنِ النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ وَهُوَ أَصَحُّ مِنْ حَدِيثِ سَعِيدِ بْنِ عَامِرٍ، وَهَكَذَا رَوَوْا عَنْ شُعْبَةَ عَنْ عَاصِمٍ عَنْ حَفْصَةَ بِنْتِ سِيرِينَ عَنْ سَلْمَانَ، وَلَمْ يُذْكَرْ فِيهِ: شُعْبَةُ، عَنِ الرَّبَابِ. وَالصَّحِيحُ مَا رَوَاهُ سُفْيَانُ الثَّوْرِيُّ وَابْنُ عُيَيْنَةَ وَغَيْرُ وَاحِدٍ: عَنْ عَاصِمٍ الْأَحْوَلِ، عَنْ حَفْصَةَ بِنْتِ سِيرِينَ، عَنِ الرَّبَابِ، عَنْ سَلْمَانَ بْنِ عَامِرٍ. وَابْنُ عَوْنٍ يَقُولُ: عَنْ أُمِّ الرَّائِحِ بِنْتِ صُلَيْعٍ، عَنْ سَلْمَانَ بْنِ عَامِرٍ. وَالرَّبَابُ هِيَ أُمُّ الرَّائِحِ.

English translation

695. Salmān bin 'Āmir Aḍ-Dabbi narrated that the Prophet ﷺ said: "When one of you breaks his fast, then let him do so with dried dates. And whoever does not find dates, then water, for it is purifying." (Ṣaḥīḥ) Abū 'Eisā said: This Hadīth is Ḥasan Ṣaḥīḥ.

Arabic text

٦٩٥ - حَدَّثَنَا ‌مَحْمُودُ بْنُ غَيْلَانَ ، قَالَ: حَدَّثَنَا ‌وَكِيعٌ ، قَالَ: حَدَّثَنَا ‌سُفْيَانُ ، عَنْ ‌عَاصِمٍ الْأَحْوَلِ . (ح) وَحَدَّثَنَا ‌هَنَّادٌ ، قَالَ: حَدَّثَنَا ‌أَبُو مُعَاوِيَةَ ، عَنْ ‌عَاصِمٍ الْأَحْوَلِ ، عَنْ ‌حَفْصَةَ بِنْتِ سِيرِينَ ، عَنِ ‌الرَّبَابِ، عَنْ ‌سَلْمَانَ بْنِ عَامِرٍ الضَّبِّيِّ ، عَنِ النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ قَالَ: «إِذَا أَفْطَرَ أَحَدُكُمْ فَلْيُفْطِرْ عَلَى تَمْرٍ»، فَإِنْ لَمْ يَجِدْ فَلْيُفْطِرْ عَلَى مَاءٍ فَإِنَّهُ طَهُورٌ. هَذَا حَدِيثٌ حَسَنٌ صَحِيحٌ.

English translation

696. Anas bin Mālik narrated: "The Messenger of Allāh ﷺ would break the fast with fresh dates before performing Ṣalāt. If there were no fresh dates then (he would break the fast) with dried dates, and if there were no dried dates then he would take a few sips of water." (Hasan) Abū 'Eisā said: This Ḥadīth is Hasan Gharīb. (Abū 'Eisā said: It has been related that during the winter the Prophet ﷺ would break the fast with dried dates, and during the summer he would do so with water.)

Arabic text

٦٩٦ - حَدَّثَنَا ‌مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ رَافِعٍ ، قَالَ: حَدَّثَنَا ‌عَبْدُ الرَّزَّاقِ، قَالَ: أَخْبَرَنَا ‌جَعْفَرُ بْنُ سُلَيْمَانَ، عَنْ ‌ثَابِتٍ ، عَنْ ‌أَنَسِ بْنِ مَالِكٍ قَالَ: «كَانَ النَّبِيُّ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ يُفْطِرُ قَبْلَ أَنْ يُصَلِّيَ عَلَى رُطَبَاتٍ»، فَإِنْ لَمْ تَكُنْ رُطَبَاتٌ فَتُمَيْرَاتٍ، فَإِنْ لَمْ تَكُنْ تُمَيْرَاتٌ حَسَا حَسَوَاتٍ مِنْ مَاءٍ. هَذَا حَدِيثٌ حَسَنٌ غَرِيبٌ.

English translation

697. Abū Hurairah narrated that the Prophet ﷺ said: "The fast is the day the people fast, the breaking of the fast is the day the people break their fast, and the sacrifice is the day the people sacrifice." (Hasan) Abū 'Eisā said: This Hadīth is Gharīb Hasan, and some of the people of knowledge explained this Hadīth by saying that this only means that the fast and the breaking of the fast is done with the Jamā'ah and the masses of the people.

Arabic text

٦٩٧ - حَدَّثَنَا ‌مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ إِسْمَاعِيلَ ، قَالَ: حَدَّثَنَا ‌إِبْرَاهِيمُ بْنُ الْمُنْذِرِ، قَالَ: حَدَّثَنَا ‌إِسْحَاقُ بْنُ جَعْفَرِ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ، قَالَ: حَدَّثَنِي ‌عَبْدُ اللهِ بْنُ جَعْفَرٍ ، عَنْ ‌عُثْمَانَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ ، عَنْ ‌سَعِيدٍ الْمَقْبُرِيِّ ، عَنْ ‌أَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ أَنَّ النَّبِيَّ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ قَالَ: «الصَّوْمُ» يَوْمَ تَصُومُونَ، وَالْفِطْرُ يَوْمَ تُفْطِرُونَ، وَالْأَضْحَى يَوْمَ تُضَحُّونَ. هَذَا حَدِيثٌ حَسَنٌ غَرِيبٌ. وَفَسَّرَ بَعْضُ أَهْلِ الْعِلْمِ هَذَا الْحَدِيثَ فَقَالَ: إِنَّمَا مَعْنَى هَذَا أَنَّ الصَّوْمَ وَالْفِطْرَ مَعَ الْجَمَاعَةِ وَعُظْمِ النَّاسِ.

English translation

698. 'Umar bin Al-Khaṭṭāb narrated that the Messenger of Allāh ﷺ said: "When the night advances and the day retreats, and the sun is hidden, then the fast is to be broken." (He said:) There are narrations on this topic from Ibn Abī Awfā and Abū Sa'eed. (Ṣaḥīḥ) Abū 'Eisā said: The Hadīth of 'Umar is a Hasan Ṣaḥīḥ Hadīth.

Arabic text

٦٩٨ - حَدَّثَنَا ‌هَارُونُ بْنُ إِسْحَاقَ الْهَمْدَانِيُّ، قَالَ: حَدَّثَنَا ‌عَبْدَةُ بْنُ سُلَيْمَانَ. (ح) وَحَدَّثَنَا ‌أَبُو كُرَيْبٍ ، عَنْ ‌أَبِي مُعَاوِيَةَ . (ح) وَحَدَّثَنَا ‌مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ مُثَنَّى ، عَنْ ‌عَبْدِ اللهِ بْنِ دَاوُدَ ، عَنْ ‌هِشَامِ بْنِ عُرْوَةَ ، عَنْ ‌أَبِيهِ ، عَنْ ‌عَاصِمِ بْنِ عُمَرَ ، عَنْ ‌عُمَرَ بْنِ الْخَطَّابِ قَالَ: قَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ: «إِذَا أَقْبَلَ اللَّيْلُ وَأَدْبَرَ النَّهَارُ وَغَابَتِ الشَّمْسُ فَقَدْ أَفْطَرْتَ». وَفِي الْبَابِ عَنِ ابْنِ أَبِي أَوْفَى وَأَبِي سَعِيدٍ. حَدِيثُ عُمَرَ حَدِيثٌ صَحِيحٌ.

English translation

699. Sahl bin Sa'd narrated that the Messenger of Allāh ﷺ said: "The people will remain upon goodness as long as they hasten to break the fast." (Sahih) (He said:) There are narrations on this topic from Abū Hurairah, Ibn 'Abbās, 'Aishah, and Anas bin Mālik. Abū 'Eisā said: The Hadīth of Sahl bin Sa'd is a Hasan Ṣahīh Hadīth. This is what is preferred by the people of knowledge among the Companions of the Prophet ﷺ and others, they consider it recommended to hasten breaking the fast. This is the saying of Ash-Shāfi'i, Aḥmad and Ishāq.

Arabic text

٦٩٩ - حَدَّثَنَا ‌مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ بَشَّارٍ، قَالَ: حَدَّثَنَا ‌عَبْدُ الرَّحْمَنِ بْنُ مَهْدِيٍّ ، عَنْ ‌سُفْيَانَ ، عَنْ ‌أَبِي حَازِمٍ. (ح) وَأَخْبَرَنَا ‌أَبُو مُصْعَبٍ قِرَاءَةً، عَنْ ‌مَالِكٍ ، عَنْ ‌أَبِي حَازِمٍ، عَنْ ‌سَهْلِ بْنِ سَعْدٍ قَالَ: قَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ: «لَا يَزَالُ النَّاسُ بِخَيْرٍ مَا عَجَّلُوا الْفِطْرَ». وَفِي الْبَابِ عَنْ أَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ وَابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ وَعَائِشَةَ وَأَنَسِ بْنِ مَالِكٍ. حَدِيثُ سَهْلِ بْنِ سَعْدٍ حَدِيثٌ حَسَنٌ صَحِيحٌ. وَهُوَ الَّذِي اخْتَارَهُ أَهْلُ الْعِلْمِ مِنْ أَصْحَابِ النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ وَغَيْرِهِمُ؛ اسْتَحَبُّوا تَعْجِيلَ الْفِطْرِ، وَبِهِ يَقُولُ الشَّافِعِيُّ وَأَحْمَدُ وَإِسْحَاقُ.

English translation

700. Abū Hurairah narrated that the Messenger of Allāh ﷺ said: "Allāh, Mighty and Sublime is He, said: 'Those of My worshippers who are most beloved to Me are the quickest to break their fast.'" (Da'if)

Arabic text

٧٠٠ - حَدَّثَنَا ‌إِسْحَاقُ بْنُ مُوسَى الْأَنْصَارِيُّ ، قَالَ: حَدَّثَنَا ‌الْوَلِيدُ بْنُ مُسْلِمٍ ، عَنِ ‌الْأَوْزَاعِيِّ ، عَنْ ‌قُرَّةَ بْنِ عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ ، عَنِ ‌الزُّهْرِيِّ ، عَنْ ‌أَبِي سَلَمَةَ ، عَنْ ‌أَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ قَالَ: قَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ: قَالَ اللهُ عَزَّ وَجَلَّ: «إِنَّ أَحَبَّ عِبَادِي إِلَيَّ أَعْجَلُهُمْ فِطْرًا».

English translation

701. (A Ḥādīth similar to no. 700 with a different chain). (Da'if) Abū 'Eisā said: This Ḥādīth is Ḥasan Gharīb.

Arabic text

٧٠١ - حَدَّثَنَا ‌عَبْدُ اللهِ بْنُ عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ، قَالَ: أَخْبَرَنَا ‌أَبُو عَاصِمٍ ‌وَأَبُو الْمُغِيرَةِ ، عَنِ ‌الْأَوْزَاعِيِّ - بِهَذَا الْإِسْنَادِ نَحْوَهُ. هَذَا حَدِيثٌ حَسَنٌ غَرِيبٌ.

English translation

702. Abū 'Aṭīyyah said: "Masrūq and I entered upon 'Aīshah and we said: 'O Mother of the Believers! There are two men from the Companions of Muḥammad ﷺ, one of them hastens to break the fast and he hastens to perform the Ṣalāt. The other delays breaking the fast and he delays the Ṣalāt.' She said: 'Which of them hastens to break the fast and hastens to perform the Ṣalāt?' We said that it was 'Abdullāh bin Mas'ūd. She said: 'This is how the Messenger of Allāh ﷺ did it.' And the other was Abū Mūsā.' (Ṣaḥīḥ) Abū 'Eisā said: This Ḥadīth is Ḥasan Ṣaḥīḥ. Abū 'Aṭiyyah's name is Mālik bin Abī 'Āmir Al-Hamdānī, and they also said it is Mālik bin 'Āmir Al-Hamdānī, which is more correct.

Arabic text

٧٠٢ - حَدَّثَنَا ‌هَنَّادٌ ، قَالَ: حَدَّثَنَا ‌أَبُو مُعَاوِيَةَ ، عَنِ ‌الْأَعْمَشِ ، عَنْ ‌عُمَارَةَ بْنِ عُمَيْرٍ ، عَنْ ‌أَبِي عَطِيَّةَ قَالَ: «دَخَلْتُ أَنَا وَمَسْرُوقٌ» عَلَى ‌عَائِشَةَ فَقُلْنَا: يَا أُمَّ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ، رَجُلَانِ مِنْ أَصْحَابِ النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ أَحَدُهُمَا يُعَجِّلُ الْإِفْطَارَ وَيُعَجِّلُ الصَّلَاةَ وَالْآخَرُ يُؤَخِّرُ الْإِفْطَارَ وَيُؤَخِّرُ الصَّلَاةَ! قَالَتْ: أَيُّهُمَا يُعَجِّلُ الْإِفْطَارَ وَيُعَجِّلُ الصَّلَاةَ؟ قُلْنَا: عَبْدُ اللهِ بْنُ مَسْعُودٍ. قَالَتْ: هَكَذَا صَنَعَ رَسُولُ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ. وَالْآخَرُ أَبُو مُوسَى. هَذَا حَدِيثٌ حَسَنٌ صَحِيحٌ. وَأَبُو عَطِيَّةَ اسْمُهُ مَالِكُ بْنُ أَبِي عَامِرٍ الْهَمْدَانِيُّ، وَيُقَالُ: ابْنُ عَامِرٍ الْهَمْدَانِيُّ، وَابْنُ عَامِرٍ أَصَحُّ.

English translation

703. Anas (bin Mālik) narrated that Zaid bin Thābit said: "We ate Sahūr with the Messenger of Allāh ﷺ, then we stood for the Salāt." I (Anas) said: "How long was that?" He said: "About the length of fifty Āyahs." (Ṣaḥīḥ)

Arabic text

٧٠٣ - حَدَّثَنَا ‌يَحْيَى بْنُ مُوسَى، قَالَ: حَدَّثَنَا ‌أَبُو دَاوُدَ الطَّيَالِسِيُّ، قَالَ: حَدَّثَنَا ‌هِشَامٌ الدَّسْتُوَائِيُّ، عَنْ ‌قَتَادَةَ ، عَنْ ‌أَنَسِ بْنِ مَالِكٍ، عَنْ ‌زَيْدِ بْنِ ثَابِتٍ قَالَ: «تَسَحَّرْنَا مَعَ النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ ثُمَّ قُمْنَا إِلَى الصَّلَاةِ»، قَالَ: قُلْتُ: كَمْ كَانَ قَدْرُ ذَلِكَ؟ قَالَ: قَدْرُ خَمْسِينَ آيَةً.

English translation

704. (Another chain) except that he said: "About the length for reciting fifty Āyahs." (Ṣaḥīḥ) (He said:) There is a narration on this topic from Hudhaifah. Abū 'Eisā said: The Ḥadīth of Zaid bin Thābit is a Hasan Ṣaḥīḥ Hadīth, and this is the view of Ash-Shāfi'i, Aḥmad and Ishāq. They consider it recommended to delay the Saḥūr.

Arabic text

٧٠٤ - حَدَّثَنَا ‌هَنَّادٌ، قَالَ: حَدَّثَنَا ‌وَكِيعٌ، عَنْ ‌هِشَامٍ - بِنَحْوِهِ، إِلَّا أَنَّهُ قَالَ: «قَدْرُ قِرَاءَةِ خَمْسِينَ آيَةً». وَفِي الْبَابِ عَنْ حُذَيْفَةَ. حَدِيثُ زَيْدِ بْنِ ثَابِتٍ حَدِيثٌ حَسَنٌ صَحِيحٌ. وَبِهِ يَقُولُ الشَّافِعِيُّ وَأَحْمَدُ وَإِسْحَاقُ؛ اسْتَحَبُّوا تَأْخِيرَ السُّحُورِ.

English translation

705. 'Alī bin Ṭalq narrated that the Messenger of Allāh ﷺ said: "Eat and drink, and do not be disturbed by the rising glow, eat and drink until the redness appears to you on the horizon." (Hasan) (He said:) There are narrations on this topic from 'Adī bin Ḥātim, Abū Dharr, and Samurah. Abū 'Eisā said: The Hadīth of Ṭalq bin 'Alī is a Hasan Gharīb Hadīth from this route. This is acted upon according to the people of knowledge, it is not unlawful for the person who wants to fast, to eat and drink until the redness of Al-Fajr is on the horizon, and this is the view of the people of knowledge in general.

Arabic text

٧٠٥ - حَدَّثَنَا ‌هَنَّادٌ ، قَالَ: حَدَّثَنَا ‌مُلَازِمُ بْنُ عَمْرٍو، قَالَ: حَدَّثَنِي ‌عَبْدُ اللهِ بْنُ النُّعْمَانِ ، عَنْ ‌قَيْسِ بْنِ طَلْقٍ قَالَ: حَدَّثَنِي أَبِي ‌طَلْقُ بْنُ عَلِيٍّ أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ قَالَ: «كُلُوا وَاشْرَبُوا، وَلَا يَهِيدَنَّكُمُ» السَّاطِعُ الْمُصْعَدُ، وَكُلُوا وَاشْرَبُوا حَتَّى يَعْتَرِضَ لَكُمُ الْأَحْمَرُ. وَفِي الْبَابِ عَنْ عَدِيِّ بْنِ حَاتِمٍ وَأَبِي ذَرٍّ وَسَمُرَةَ. حَدِيثُ طَلْقِ بْنِ عَلِيٍّ حَدِيثٌ حَسَنٌ غَرِيبٌ مِنْ هَذَا الْوَجْهِ. وَالْعَمَلُ عَلَى هَذَا عِنْدَ أَهْلِ الْعِلْمِ؛ أَنَّهُ لَا يَحْرُمُ عَلَى الصَّائِمِ الْأَكْلُ وَالشُّرْبُ حَتَّى يَكُونَ الْفَجْرُ الْأَحْمَرُ الْمُعْتَرِضُ، وَبِهِ يَقُولُ عَامَّةُ أَهْلِ الْعِلْمِ.

English translation

706. Samurah bin Jundab narrated that the Messenger of Allāh ﷺ said: "Do not let the Adhān of Bilāl prevent you from your Sahūr, nor the drawn out Fajr, but the Fajr that spreads on the horizon." (Sahih) Abū 'Eisā said: This Hadīth is Hasan.

Arabic text

٧٠٦ - حَدَّثَنَا ‌هَنَّادٌ ‌وَيُوسُفُ بْنُ عِيسَى ، قَالَا: حَدَّثَنَا ‌وَكِيعٌ ، عَنْ ‌أَبِي هِلَالٍ ، عَنْ ‌سَوَادَةَ بْنِ حَنْظَلَةَ، عَنْ ‌سَمُرَةَ بْنِ جُنْدُبٍ قَالَ: قَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ: «لَا يَمْنَعَنَّكُمْ مِنْ سُحُورِكُمْ أَذَانُ بِلَالٍ» وَلَا الْفَجْرُ الْمُسْتَطِيلُ، وَلَكِنِ الْفَجْرُ الْمُسْتَطِيرُ فِي الْأُفُقِ. هَذَا حَدِيثٌ حَسَنٌ.

English translation

707. Abū Hurairah narrated that the Prophet ﷺ said: "Whoever does not leave false speech, and acting according to it, then Allāh is not in any need of him leaving his food and his drink." (Sahih) (He said:) There is something on this topic from Anas. Abū 'Eisā said: This Hadīth is Hasan Sahih.

Arabic text

٧٠٧ - حَدَّثَنَا ‌أَبُو مُوسَى مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ الْمُثَنَّى، قَالَ: حَدَّثَنَا ‌عُثْمَانُ بْنُ عُمَرَ قَالَ: وَأَخْبَرَنَا ‌ابْنُ أَبِي ذِئْبٍ ، عَنِ ‌الْمَقْبُرِيِّ ، عَنْ ‌أَبِيهِ ، عَنْ ‌أَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ أَنَّ النَّبِيَّ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ قَالَ: «مَنْ لَمْ يَدَعْ قَوْلَ الزُّورِ» وَالْعَمَلَ بِهِ فَلَيْسَ لِلهِ حَاجَةٌ بِأَنْ يَدَعَ طَعَامَهُ وَشَرَابَهُ. وَفِي الْبَابِ عَنْ أَنَسٍ. هَذَا حَدِيثٌ صَحِيحٌ.

English translation

708. Anas bin Mālik narrated that the Messenger of Allāh ﷺ said: "Partake of Sahūr, for indeed there is a blessing in the Sahūr." (Sahīh) He said: There are narrations on this topic from Abū Hurairah, 'Abdullāh bin Mas'ūd, Jābir bin 'Abdullāh, Ibn 'Abbās, 'Amr bin Al-'Ās, Al-'Irbāḍ bin Sāriyah, 'Utbah bin 'Abdullāh, and Abū Ad-Dardā'. Abū 'Eisā said: The Hadīth of Anas is a Ḥasan Ṣahīh Hadīth. It has been reported that the Prophet ﷺ said: "The distinction between our fasting and the fasting of the People of the Book is eating for Sahūr."

Arabic text

٧٠٨ - حَدَّثَنَا ‌قُتَيْبَةُ، قَالَ: حَدَّثَنَا ‌أَبُو عَوَانَةَ ، عَنْ ‌قَتَادَةَ ، ‌وَعَبْدِ الْعَزِيزِ بْنِ صُهَيْبٍ عَنْ ‌أَنَسٍ ، أَنَّ النَّبِيَّ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ قَالَ: «تَسَحَّرُوا فَإِنَّ فِي السَّحُورِ بَرَكَةً». وَفِي الْبَابِ عَنْ أَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ وَعَبْدِ اللهِ بْنِ مَسْعُودٍ وَجَابِرِ بْنِ عَبْدِ اللهِ وَابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ وَعَمْرِو بْنِ الْعَاصِ وَالْعِرْبَاضِ بْنِ سَارِيَةَ وَعُتْبَةَ بْنِ عَبْدٍ وَأَبِي الدَّرْدَاءِ. حَدِيثُ أَنَسٍ حَدِيثٌ حَسَنٌ صَحِيحٌ.

English translation

709. 'Amr bin Al-'Āṣ narrated (similar to no. 708) from the Prophet ﷺ. (Saḥīḥ) He said: This Ḥadīth is Ḥasan Saḥīḥ. The people of Egypt say (one of the narrators is) Mūsā bin 'Ulayy, and the people of Al-'Irāq say "Mūsā bin 'Ali bin Rabāḥ Al-Lakhmī."

Arabic text

وَرُوِيَ عَنِ النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ أَنَّهُ قَالَ: «فَضْلُ مَا بَيْنَ صِيَامِنَا وَصِيَامِ أَهْلِ الْكِتَابِ أَكْلَةُ السَّحَرِ». ٧٠٩ - حَدَّثَنَا بِذَلِكَ ‌قُتَيْبَةُ، قَالَ: حَدَّثَنَا ‌اللَّيْثُ، عَنْ ‌مُوسَى بْنِ عُلَيٍّ ، عَنْ ‌أَبِيهِ ، عَنْ ‌أَبِي قَيْسٍ مَوْلَى عَمْرِو بْنِ الْعَاصِ ، عَنْ ‌عَمْرِو بْنِ الْعَاصِ ، عَنِ النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ - بِذَلِكَ. وَهَذَا حَدِيثٌ حَسَنٌ صَحِيحٌ. وَأَهْلُ مِصْرَ يَقُولُونَ: مُوسَى بْنُ عُلَيٍّ. وَأَهْلُ الْعِرَاقِ يَقُولُونَ: مُوسَى بْنُ عُلَيٍّ. وَهُوَ: مُوسَى بْنُ عُلَيِّ بْنِ رَبَاحٍ اللَّخْمِيُّ.

English translation

710. Jābir bin 'Abdullāh narrated: "The Messenger of Allāh ﷺ went to Makkah in the Year of the Conquest, so he fasted until he reached Kurā' Al-Ghamīm[1] and the people were fasting with him. Then it was said to him: 'The fast has become difficult for the people, and they are watching you to see what you will do.' So after ‘Aṣr, he called for a cup of water and drank it while the people were looking at him. Some of them broke the fast while some of them continued their fasting. It was conveyed to him that people were still fasting, so he said: ‘Those are the disobedient.’” (Sahīh) (He said:) There are narrations on this topic from Ka’b bin ‘Aṣim, Ibn ‘Abbās, and Abū Hurairah. Abū ‘Eisā said: The Hadīth of Jābir is a Ḥasan Sahīh Hadīth. It has been reported that the Prophet ﷺ said: “It is not from righteousness to fast while traveling.” The people of knowledge disagree over fasting while traveling. Some of the people of knowledge, among the Companions of the Prophet ﷺ and others, held the view that breaking the fast is more virtuous. Some of them even thought that one has to repeat it if he fasted while traveling. Aḥmad and Iṣhāq preferred breaking the fast when traveling. Some of the people of knowledge, among the Companions of the Prophet ﷺ and others, said that if one has the strength and he fasts then that is good, and this is more virtuous, and if he breaks the fast then that is good. And this is the view of Sufyān Ath-Thawrī, Mālik bin Anas, and ‘Abdullāh bin Al-Mubārak. Ash-Shāfi‘ī said: “The meaning of the saying of the Prophet ﷺ: ‘It is not from righteousness to fast while traveling’ and his saying – when it was conveyed to him that people were fasting: ‘Those are the disobedient.' This refers to the case when the person's heart does not accept the permission that Allāh the Most High granted, as for the one who thought that breaking the fast is allowed, and he fasted while he had the strength for that, then this is more preferable to me."

Arabic text

٧١٠ - حَدَّثَنَا ‌قُتَيْبَةُ ، قَالَ: حَدَّثَنَا ‌عَبْدُ الْعَزِيزِ بْنُ مُحَمَّدٍ ، عَنْ ‌جَعْفَرِ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ ، عَنْ ‌أَبِيهِ ، عَنْ ‌جَابِرِ بْنِ عَبْدِ اللهِ «أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ خَرَجَ إِلَى مَكَّةَ» عَامَ الْفَتْحِ فَصَامَ حَتَّى بَلَغَ كُرَاعَ الْغَمِيمِ، وَصَامَ النَّاسُ مَعَهُ، فَقِيلَ لَهُ: إِنَّ النَّاسَ قَدْ شَقَّ عَلَيْهِمُ الصِّيَامُ، وَإِنَّ النَّاسَ يَنْظُرُونَ فِيمَا فَعَلْتَ، فَدَعَا بِقَدَحٍ مِنْ مَاءٍ بَعْدَ الْعَصْرِ فَشَرِبَ وَالنَّاسُ يَنْظُرُونَ إِلَيْهِ، فَأَفْطَرَ بَعْضُهُمْ وَصَامَ بَعْضُهُمْ، فَبَلَغَهُ أَنَّ نَاسًا صَامُوا، فَقَالَ: أُولَئِكَ الْعُصَاةُ. وَفِي الْبَابِ عَنْ كَعْبِ بْنِ عَاصِمٍ وَابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ وَأَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ. حَدِيثُ جَابِرٍ حَدِيثٌ حَسَنٌ صَحِيحٌ. وَقَدْ رُوِيَ عَنِ النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ أَنَّهُ قَالَ: لَيْسَ مِنَ الْبِرِّ الصِّيَامُ فِي السَّفَرِ. وَاخْتَلَفَ أَهْلُ الْعِلْمِ فِي الصَّوْمِ فِي السَّفَرِ؛ فَرَأَى بَعْضُ أَهْلِ الْعِلْمِ مِنْ أَصْحَابِ النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ وَغَيْرِهِمْ أَنَّ الْفِطْرَ فِي السَّفَرِ أَفْضَلُ، حَتَّى رَأَى بَعْضُهُمْ عَلَيْهِ الْإِعَادَةَ إِذَا صَامَ فِي السَّفَرِ، وَاخْتَارَ أَحْمَدُ وَإِسْحَاقُ الْفِطْرَ فِي السَّفَرِ. وَقَالَ بَعْضُ أَهْلِ الْعِلْمِ مِنْ أَصْحَابِ النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ وَغَيْرِهِمْ: إِنْ وَجَدَ قُوَّةً فَصَامَ فَحَسَنٌ وَهُوَ أَفْضَلُ، وَإِنْ أَفْطَرَ فَحَسَنٌ - وَهُوَ قَوْلُ سُفْيَانَ الثَّوْرِيِّ وَمَالِكِ بْنِ أَنَسٍ وَعَبْدِ اللهِ بْنِ الْمُبَارَكِ. وَقَالَ الشَّافِعِيُّ: وَإِنَّمَا مَعْنَى قَوْلِ النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ: لَيْسَ مِنَ الْبِرِّ الصِّيَامُ فِي السَّفَرِ، وَقَوْلِهِ - حِينَ بَلَغَهُ أَنَّ نَاسًا صَامُوا فَقَالَ: أُولَئِكَ الْعُصَاةُ، فَوَجْهُ هَذَا إِذَا لَمْ يَحْتَمِلْ قَلْبُهُ قَبُولَ رُخْصَةِ اللهِ، فَأَمَّا مَنْ رَأَى الْفِطْرَ مُبَاحًا وَصَامَ وَقَوِيَ عَلَى ذَلِكَ فَهُوَ أَعْجَبُ إِلَيَّ.

English translation

711. 'Aishah narrated that Hamzah bin 'Amr Al-Aslamī asked the Messenger of Allāh ﷺ about fasting while traveling, and he fasted regularly. So the Messenger of Allāh ﷺ said: 'If you wish then fast, and if you wish then break (the fast).'" (Sahih) (He said:) There are narrations on this topic from Anas bin Mālik, Abū Sa'eed, 'Abdullāh bin Mas'ud, 'Abdullāh bin 'Amr, Abū Ad-Dardā', and Ḥamzah bin 'Amr Al-Aslamī. Abū 'Eisā said: The Hadīth of 'Aishah – stating that Hamzah bin 'Amr Al-Aslamī asked the Messenger of Allāh ﷺ – is a Hasan Sahih Hadīth.

Arabic text

٧١١ - حَدَّثَنَا ‌هَارُونُ بْنُ إِسْحَاقَ الْهَمْدَانِيُّ، قَالَ: حَدَّثَنَا ‌عَبْدَةُ بْنُ سُلَيْمَانَ ، عَنْ ‌هِشَامِ بْنِ عُرْوَةَ ، عَنْ ‌أَبِيهِ ، عَنْ ‌عَائِشَةَ «أَنَّ حَمْزَةَ بْنَ عَمْرٍو الْأَسْلَمِيَّ» سَأَلَ رَسُولَ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ عَنِ الصَّوْمِ فِي السَّفَرِ؟ وَكَانَ يَسْرُدُ الصَّوْمَ، فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ: إِنْ شِئْتَ فَصُمْ، وَإِنْ شِئْتَ فَأَفْطِرْ. وَفِي الْبَابِ عَنْ أَنَسِ بْنِ مَالِكٍ وَأَبِي سَعِيدٍ وَعَبْدِ اللهِ بْنِ مَسْعُودٍ وَعَبْدِ اللهِ بْنِ عَمْرٍو وَأَبِي الدَّرْدَاءِ وَحَمْزَةَ بْنِ عَمْرٍو الْأَسْلَمِيِّ. حَدِيثُ عَائِشَةَ أَنَّ حَمْزَةَ بْنَ عَمْرٍو سَأَلَ النَّبِيَّ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ حَدِيثٌ حَسَنٌ صَحِيحٌ.

English translation

712. Abū Sa'eed (Al-Khudrī) narrated: "We were on a journey with the Messenger of Allāh ﷺ during the month of Ramaḍān. No one objected to the fast of the one fasting nor the fast breaking of the one who broke his fast." (Saḥīh) (Abū 'Eisā said: This Ḥadīth is Hasan Saḥīh.)

Arabic text

٧١٢ - حَدَّثَنَا ‌نَصْرُ بْنُ عَلِيٍّ الْجَهْضَمِيُّ ، قَالَ: حَدَّثَنَا ‌بِشْرُ بْنُ الْمُفَضَّلِ ، عَنْ ‌سَعِيدِ بْنِ يَزِيدَ أَبِي مَسْلَمَةَ ، عَنْ ‌أَبِي نَضْرَةَ ، عَنْ ‌أَبِي سَعِيدٍ الْخُدْرِيِّ قَالَ: «كُنَّا نُسَافِرُ مَعَ رَسُولِ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ فِي رَمَضَانَ فَمَا يَعِيبُ عَلَى الصَّائِمِ صَوْمَهُ» وَلَا عَلَى الْمُفْطِرِ إِفْطَارَهُ.

English translation

713. Abū Sa'eed Al-Khudrī narrated: "We were on a journey with the Messenger of Allāh ﷺ. Some of us were fasting and some of us broke their fast. The one who broke the fast had no objection to the one who fasted, and the one who fasted had no objection to the one who broke his fast. They saw that whoever had the strength to fast then that was good, and whoever was weak, then breaking it was better." (Saḥīh) (Abū 'Eisā said: This Ḥadīth is Hasan Saḥīh.)

Arabic text

٧١٣ - حَدَّثَنَا ‌نَصْرُ بْنُ عَلِيٍّ، قَالَ: حَدَّثَنَا ‌يَزِيدُ بْنُ زُرَيْعٍ، قَالَ: حَدَّثَنَا ‌الْجُرَيْرِيُّ. (ح) وَحَدَّثَنَا ‌سُفْيَانُ بْنُ وَكِيعٍ، قَالَ: حَدَّثَنَا ‌عَبْدُ الْأَعْلَى ، عَنِ ‌الْجُرَيْرِيِّ ، عَنْ ‌أَبِي نَضْرَةَ، عَنْ ‌أَبِي سَعِيدٍ قَالَ: «كُنَّا نُسَافِرُ مَعَ رَسُولِ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ، فَمِنَّا الصَّائِمُ وَمِنَّا الْمُفْطِرُ»، فَلَا يَجِدُ الْمُفْطِرُ عَلَى الصَّائِمِ وَلَا الصَّائِمُ عَلَى الْمُفْطِرِ، فَكَانُوا يَرَوْنَ أَنَّهُ مَنْ وَجَدَ قُوَّةً فَصَامَ فَحَسَنٌ، وَمَنْ وَجَدَ ضَعْفًا فَأَفْطَرَ فَحَسَنٌ. هَذَا حَدِيثٌ حَسَنٌ صَحِيحٌ.

English translation

714. Ma'mar bin Abī Huyaiyah narrated that he asked Ibn Al-Musaiyab about fasting on a journey, so he narrated to him that 'Umar bin Al-Khaṭṭāb said: "We fought in two battles along with the Messenger of Allāh ﷺ during Ramaḍān; the Day of Badr, and the Conquest (of Makkah), so we broke our fast during them." (Da'if) (He said:) There is something on this topic from Abū Sa'eed. Abū 'Eisā said: We do not know of the Hadīth of 'Umar except from this route. It has been reported from Abū Sa'eed that the Prophet ﷺ ordered the fast to be broken in a battle that he participated in, and similar to this has been reported from 'Umar bin Al-Khaṭṭāb, saying that he permitted breaking the fast when meeting the enemy. And this is the view of some of the people of knowledge.

Arabic text

٧١٤ - حَدَّثَنَا ‌قُتَيْبَةُ، قَالَ: حَدَّثَنَا ‌ابْنُ لَهِيعَةَ ، عَنْ ‌يَزِيدَ بْنِ أَبِي حَبِيبٍ، عَنْ ‌مَعْمَرِ بْنِ أَبِي حَبِيبَةَ ، عَنِ ‌ابْنِ الْمُسَيِّبِ أَنَّهُ «سَأَلَهُ عَنِ الصَّوْمِ فِي السَّفَرِ، فَحَدَّثَ أَنَّ ‌عُمَرَ بْنَ الْخَطَّابِ قَالَ: غَزَوْنَا مَعَ النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ غَزْوَتَيْنِ فِي رَمَضَانَ يَوْمَ بَدْرٍ» وَالْفَتْحِ فَأَفْطَرْنَا فِيهِمَا. وَفِي الْبَابِ عَنْ أَبِي سَعِيدٍ. حَدِيثُ عُمَرَ لَا نَعْرِفُهُ إِلَّا مِنْ هَذَا الْوَجْهِ. وَقَدْ رُوِيَ عَنْ أَبِي سَعِيدٍ، عَنِ النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ أَنَّهُ أَمَرَ بِالْفِطْرِ فِي غَزْوَةٍ غَزَاهَا، وَقَدْ رُوِيَ عَنْ عُمَرَ بْنِ الْخَطَّابِ نَحْوُ هَذَا، إِلَّا أَنَّهُ رَخَّصَ فِي الْإِفْطَارِ عِنْدَ لِقَاءِ الْعَدُوِّ، وَبِهِ يَقُولُ بَعْضُ أَهْلِ الْعِلْمِ.

English translation

715. Anas bin Mālik, a man from Banū ‘Abdullāh bin Ka’b said: “Some calvary men of the Messenger of Allāh ﷺ came galloping upon us, so I came to the Messenger of Allāh ﷺ and found him having a lunch. He said: ‘Come and eat.’ I said: ‘I am fasting.’ So he said: ‘Come and I will narrate to you about the fast – or fasting. Indeed Allāh Most High lifted (the fast and) half of the Ṣalāt from the traveler, and (He lifted) the fast – or fasting – from the pregnant person, or the sick person.’ And by Allāh! The Prophet ﷺ said both of them or one of them. So woe to me! For I did not eat from the meal of the Prophet ﷺ.” (Ḥasan) (He said:) There is something on this topic from Abū Umāmah. Abū ‘Eisā said: The Hadīth of Anas bin Mālik Al-Ka’bī is a Ḥasan Hadīth. We do not know of anything this Anas bin Mālik narrated from the Prophet ﷺ other than this one Hadīth. This is acted upon according to some of the people of knowledge. Some of the people of knowledge say that the pregnant and breast-feeding persons break the fast, make up for it, and feed.[1] This is the view of Sufyān, Mālik, Ash-Shāfi‘ī, and Aḥmad. Some of them said: They break the fast and feed, but they are not required to make it up, and if they wish they can make it up and not feed (others). This is the saying of Ishāq.

Arabic text

٧١٥ - حَدَّثَنَا ‌أَبُو كُرَيْبٍ ‌وَيُوسُفُ بْنُ عِيسَى ، قَالَا: حَدَّثَنَا ‌وَكِيعٌ، قَالَ: حَدَّثَنَا ‌أَبُو هِلَالٍ ، عَنْ ‌عَبْدِ اللهِ بْنِ سَوَادَةَ ، عَنْ ‌أَنَسِ بْنِ مَالِكٍ - رَجُلٍ مِنْ بَنِي عَبْدِ اللهِ بْنِ كَعْبٍ - قَالَ: «أَغَارَتْ عَلَيْنَا خَيْلُ رَسُولِ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ، فَأَتَيْتُ رَسُولَ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ فَوَجَدْتُهُ يَتَغَدَّى، فَقَالَ: ادْنُ فَكُلْ»، فَقُلْتُ: إِنِّي صَائِمٌ، فَقَالَ: ادْنُ أُحَدِّثْكَ عَنِ الصَّوْمِ أَوِ الصِّيَامِ؛ إِنَّ اللهَ تَعَالَى وَضَعَ عَنِ الْمُسَافِرِ الصَّوْمَ وَشَطْرَ الصَّلَاةِ، وَعَنِ الْحَامِلِ أَوِ الْمُرْضِعِ الصَّوْمَ أَوِ الصِّيَامَ. وَاللهِ لَقَدْ قَالَهُمَا النَّبِيُّ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ كِلَيْهِمَا أَوْ إِحْدَاهُمَا، فَيَالَهْفَ نَفْسِي أَنْ لَا أَكُونَ طَعِمْتُ مِنْ طَعَامِ النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ. وَفِي الْبَابِ عَنْ أَبِي أُمَيَّةَ. حَدِيثُ أَنَسِ بْنِ مَالِكٍ الْكَعْبِيِّ حَدِيثٌ حَسَنٌ، وَلَا نَعْرِفُ لِأَنَسِ بْنِ مَالِكٍ هَذَا عَنِ النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ غَيْرَ هَذَا الْحَدِيثِ الْوَاحِدِ. وَالْعَمَلُ عَلَى هَذَا عِنْدَ أَهْلِ الْعِلْمِ. وَقَالَ بَعْضُ أَهْلِ الْعِلْمِ: الْحَامِلُ وَالْمُرْضِعُ تُفْطِرَانِ وَتَقْضِيَانِ وَتُطْعِمَانِ. وَبِهِ يَقُولُ سُفْيَانُ وَمَالِكٌ وَالشَّافِعِيُّ وَأَحْمَدُ. وَقَالَ بَعْضُهُمْ: تُفْطِرَانِ وَتُطْعِمَانِ وَلَا قَضَاءَ عَلَيْهِمَا، وَإِنْ شَاءَتَا قَضَتَا وَلَا إِطْعَامَ عَلَيْهِمَا. وَبِهِ يَقُولُ إِسْحَاقُ.

English translation

716. Ibn 'Abbās narrated: "A woman came to the Prophet ﷺ and said: 'My sister died while she had two consecutive months of fasting due.' So he said: 'Do you not see that if there was a debt due from your sister then you would have to pay it?' She said: 'Yes.' He said: 'Then the right of Allāh is more appropriate.'" (Ṣaḥīḥ) (He said:) There are narrations on this topic from Buraidah, Ibn 'Umar, and 'Aishah. Abū 'Eisā said: The Hadīth of Ibn 'Abbās is a Ḥasan Ṣaḥīḥ Hadīth.

Arabic text

٧١٦ - حَدَّثَنَا ‌أَبُو سَعِيدٍ الْأَشَجُّ، قَالَ: حَدَّثَنَا ‌أَبُو خَالِدٍ الْأَحْمَرُ ، عَنِ ‌الْأَعْمَشِ ، عَنْ ‌سَلَمَةَ بْنِ كُهَيْلٍ ‌وَمُسْلِمٍ الْبَطِينِ عَنْ ‌سَعِيدِ بْنِ جُبَيْرٍ ‌وَعَطَاءٍ ‌وَمُجَاهِدٍ ، عَنِ ‌ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ قَالَ: «جَاءَتِ امْرَأَةٌ» إِلَى النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ فَقَالَتْ: إِنَّ أُخْتِي مَاتَتْ وَعَلَيْهَا صَوْمُ شَهْرَيْنِ مُتَتَابِعَيْنِ، قَالَ: أَرَأَيْتِ لَوْ كَانَ عَلَى أُخْتِكِ دَيْنٌ أَكُنْتِ تَقْضِينَهُ؟، قَالَتْ: نَعَمْ، قَالَ: فَحَقُّ اللهِ أَحَقُّ. وَفِي الْبَابِ عَنْ بُرَيْدَةَ وَابْنِ عُمَرَ وَعَائِشَةَ.

English translation

717. (A Hadīth similar to no. 716 with a different chain.) (Ṣaḥīḥ) (He said: I heard Muḥammad saying: "Abū Khālid Al-Aḥmar has done very well with this Hadīth from Al-A'mash"). Muḥammad said: "Others besides Abū Khālid reported it from Al-A'mash." Abū 'Eisā said: Abū Mu'āwiyah and others reported this Hadīth from Al-A'mash, from Muslim Al-Baṭīn, from Sa'eed bin Jubair, from Ibn 'Abbās, from the Prophet ﷺ, and they did not mention Salamah bin Kuhail in it, nor 'Aṭā', nor Mujāhid. (Abū Khālid's name is Sulaimān bin Ḥayyān).

Arabic text

٧١٧ - حَدَّثَنَا ‌أَبُو كُرَيْبٍ، قَالَ: حَدَّثَنَا ‌أَبُو خَالِدٍ الْأَحْمَرُ ، عَنِ ‌الْأَعْمَشِ - بِهَذَا الْإِسْنَادِ نَحْوَهُ. حَدِيثُ ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ حَدِيثٌ حَسَنٌ. وَسَمِعْتُ مُحَمَّدًا يَقُولُ: جَوَّدَ أَبُو خَالِدٍ الْأَحْمَرُ هَذَا الْحَدِيثَ عَنِ الْأَعْمَشِ. قَالَ مُحَمَّدٌ: وَقَدْ رَوَى غَيْرُ أَبِي خَالِدٍ عَنِ الْأَعْمَشِ مِثْلَ رِوَايَةِ أَبِي خَالِدٍ. وَرَوَى أَبُو مُعَاوِيَةَ وَغَيْرُ وَاحِدٍ هَذَا الْحَدِيثَ عَنِ الْأَعْمَشِ، عَنْ مُسْلِمٍ الْبَطِينِ، عَنْ سَعِيدِ بْنِ جُبَيْرٍ، عَنِ ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ، عَنِ النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ - وَلَمْ يَذْكُرُوا فِيهِ سَلَمَةَ بْنَ كُهَيْلٍ وَلَا عَنْ عَطَاءٍ وَلَا عَنْ مُجَاهِدٍ، وَاسْمُ أَبِي خَالِدٍ سُلَيْمَانُ بْنُ حَيَّانَ.

English translation

718. Ibn 'Umar narrated that the Prophet ﷺ said: "Whoever died while he had a month to fast, then a needy person should be fed on his behalf in place of every day." (Ḍa'if) Abū 'Eisā said: We do not know of the Hadīth of Ibn 'Umar except from this route. What is Ṣaḥīḥ is that it is Mawqūf from Ibn 'Umar as his saying. The people of knowledge differ on this (topic). Some of them say that one is to fast on behalf of the deceased, and it is the view of Aḥmad and Ishaq. They said when the deceased person has a fast required from a vow then one is to fast on his behalf, and when he has to make up something from Ramaḍān, then one is to feed (a needy person) on his behalf. Mālik, Sufyān, and Ash-Shāfi'i said: "No one fasts for anyone." (He said:) Ash'ath is Ibn Sawwār. Muḥammad is Muḥammad bin 'Abdur-Raḥmān bin Abī Laila. (narrators in the chain of this Hadīth)

Arabic text

٧١٨ - حَدَّثَنَا ‌قُتَيْبَةُ، قَالَ: حَدَّثَنَا ‌عَبْثَرُ بْنُ الْقَاسِمِ ، عَنْ ‌أَشْعَثَ ، عَنْ ‌مُحَمَّدٍ ، عَنْ ‌نَافِعٍ ، عَنِ ‌ابْنِ عُمَرَ، عَنِ النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ، قَالَ: «مَنْ مَاتَ وَعَلَيْهِ صِيَامُ شَهْرٍ فَلْيُطْعَمْ عَنْهُ مَكَانَ كُلِّ يَوْمٍ مِسْكِينًا». حَدِيثُ ابْنِ عُمَرَ لَا نَعْرِفُهُ مَرْفُوعًا إِلَّا مِنْ هَذَا الْوَجْهِ، وَالصَّحِيحُ عَنِ ابْنِ عُمَرَ مَوْقُوفٌ قَوْلُهُ. وَاخْتَلَفَ أَهْلُ الْعِلْمِ فِي هَذَا الْبَابِ. فَقَالَ بَعْضُهُمْ: يُصَامُ عَنِ الْمَيِّتِ، وَبِهِ يَقُولُ أَحْمَدُ وَإِسْحَاقُ، قَالَا: إِذَا كَانَ عَلَى الْمَيِّتِ نَذْرُ صِيَامٍ يَصُومُ عَنْهُ، وَإِذَا كَانَ عَلَيْهِ قَضَاءُ رَمَضَانَ أَطْعَمَ عَنْهُ. وَقَالَ مَالِكٌ وَسُفْيَانُ وَالشَّافِعِيُّ: لَا يَصُومُ أَحَدٌ عَنْ أَحَدٍ. وَأَشْعَثُ هُوَ ابْنُ سَوَّارٍ، وَمُحَمَّدٌ هُوَ عِنْدِي ابْنُ عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ بْنِ أَبِي لَيْلَى.

English translation

719. Abū Sa'eed Al-Khudrī narrated that the Messenger of Allāh ﷺ said: "Three things do not break the fast of the fasting person: Cupping, vomiting, and the wet dream." (Ḍa'if) Abū 'Eisā said: The Hadīth of Abū Sa'eed is not preserved. 'Abdullāh bin Zaid bin Aslam, 'Abdul-'Aziz bin Muḥammad and others reported this Hadīth from Zaid bin Aslam in Mursal form, they did not mention "from Abū Sa'eed" in it. 'Abdur-Raḥmān bin Zaid bin Aslam was graded weak in Ḥadīth. (He said:) I heard Abū Dāwūd As-Sijzī saying: "I asked Aḥmad bin Ḥanbal about 'Abdur-Raḥmān bin Zaid bin Aslam. He said: 'His brother is Abdullāh bin Zaid, there is no harm in him.'" He said: I heard Muḥammad mentioning that 'Alī bin 'Abdullāh (Al-Madīnī) said: "'Abdullāh bin Zaid bin Aslam is trustworthy, and 'Abdur-Raḥmān bin Zaid bin Aslam is weak.'" Muḥammad said: "And I do not report anything from him."

Arabic text

٧١٩ - حَدَّثَنَا ‌مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ عُبَيْدٍ الْمُحَارِبِيُّ، قَالَ: حَدَّثَنَا ‌عَبْدُ الرَّحْمَنِ بْنُ زَيْدِ بْنِ أَسْلَمَ ، عَنْ ‌أَبِيهِ ، عَنْ ‌عَطَاءِ بْنِ يَسَارٍ ، عَنْ ‌أَبِي سَعِيدٍ الْخُدْرِيِّ ، قَالَ: قَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ: «ثَلَاثٌ لَا يُفْطِرْنَ الصَّائِمَ»: الْحِجَامَةُ، وَالْقَيْءُ، وَالِاحْتِلَامُ. حَدِيثُ أَبِي سَعِيدٍ الْخُدْرِيِّ حَدِيثٌ غَيْرُ مَحْفُوظٍ. وَقَدْ رَوَى عَبْدُ اللهِ بْنُ زَيْدِ بْنِ أَسْلَمَ وَعَبْدُ الْعَزِيزِ بْنُ مُحَمَّدٍ وَغَيْرُ وَاحِدٍ هَذَا الْحَدِيثَ عَنْ زَيْدِ بْنِ أَسْلَمَ مُرْسَلًا، وَلَمْ يَذْكُرُوا فِيهِ: عَنْ أَبِي سَعِيدٍ، وَعَبْدُ الرَّحْمَنِ بْنُ زَيْدِ بْنِ أَسْلَمَ يُضَعَّفُ فِي الْحَدِيثِ. سَمِعْتُ أَبَا دَاوُدَ السِّجْزِيَّ يَقُولُ: سَأَلْتُ أَحْمَدَ بْنَ حَنْبَلٍ عَنْ عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ بْنِ زَيْدِ بْنِ أَسْلَمَ فَقَالَ: أَخُوهُ عَبْدُ اللهِ بْنُ زَيْدٍ لَا بَأْسَ بِهِ. وَسَمِعْتُ مُحَمَّدًا يَذْكُرُ عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ عَبْدِ اللهِ الْمَدِينِيِّ قَالَ: عَبْدُ اللهِ بْنُ زَيْدِ بْنِ أَسْلَمَ ثِقَةٌ، وَعَبْدُ الرَّحْمَنِ بْنُ زَيْدِ بْنِ أَسْلَمَ ضَعِيفٌ. قَالَ مُحَمَّدٌ: وَلَا أَرْوِي عَنْهُ شَيْئًا.

English translation

720. Abū Hurairah narrated that the Prophet ﷺ said: "Whoever is overcome by vomiting, then he is not required to make up (the fast), and whoever vomits on purpose, then he must make it up." (Da'if) (He said:) There are narrations on this topic from Abū Ad-Dardā', Thawbān, and Faḍālah bin 'Ubaid. Abū 'Eisā said: The Hadīth of Abū Hurairah is a Ḥasan Gharīb Hadīth, we do not know of it as a narration of Hishām, from Ibn Sirīn, from Abū Hurairah from the Prophet ﷺ – except from through the narration of 'Eisā bin Yunūs. Muḥammad said: "I do not think that it is preserved." Abū 'Eisā said: This Hadīth has been reported through more than one route from Abū Hurairah from the Prophet ﷺ, and its chain is not correct. It has been reported from Abū Ad-Dardā', Thawbān, and Faḍālah bin 'Ubaid that the Prophet ﷺ vomited and, that he had broken the fast. This Hadīth only means that when the Prophet ﷺ was performing a voluntary fast and he vomited because of being weak, then he broke the fast. This is how some of the narrations of the Hadīth explain it. The Hadīth of Abū Hurairah from the Prophet ﷺ is acted upon according to the people of knowledge: when the fasting person is overcome by vomiting then he does not make it up, and when he vomits on purpose then he makes it up. This is the view of Ash-Shāfi'ī, Sufyān Ath-Thawrī, Aḥmad and Ishāq.

Arabic text

٧٢٠ - حَدَّثَنَا ‌عَلِيُّ بْنُ حُجْرٍ، قَالَ: حَدَّثَنَا ‌عِيسَى بْنُ يُونُسَ ، عَنْ ‌هِشَامِ بْنِ حَسَّانَ، عَنْ ‌مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ سِيرِينَ ، عَنْ ‌أَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ أَنَّ النَّبِيَّ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ قَالَ: «مَنْ ذَرَعَهُ الْقَيْءُ فَلَيْسَ عَلَيْهِ قَضَاءٌ»، وَمَنِ اسْتَقَاءَ عَمْدًا فَلْيَقْضِ. وَفِي الْبَابِ عَنْ أَبِي الدَّرْدَاءِ وَثَوْبَانَ وَفَضَالَةَ بْنِ عُبَيْدٍ. حَدِيثُ أَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ حَدِيثٌ حَسَنٌ غَرِيبٌ، لَا نَعْرِفُهُ مِنْ حَدِيثِ هِشَامٍ عَنِ ابْنِ سِيرِينَ عَنْ أَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ عَنِ النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ إِلَّا مِنْ حَدِيثِ عِيسَى بْنِ يُونُسَ. وَقَالَ مُحَمَّدٌ: لَا أُرَاهُ مَحْفُوظًا. وَقَدْ رُوِيَ هَذَا الْحَدِيثُ مِنْ غَيْرِ وَجْهٍ عَنْ أَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ، عَنِ النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ، وَلَا يَصِحُّ إِسْنَادُهُ. وَقَدْ رُوِيَ عَنْ أَبِي الدَّرْدَاءِ وَثَوْبَانَ وَفَضَالَةَ بْنِ عُبَيْدٍ أَنَّ النَّبِيَّ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ قَاءَ فَأَفْطَرَ، وَإِنَّمَا مَعْنَى هَذَا أَنَّ النَّبِيَّ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ كَانَ صَائِمًا مُتَطَوِّعًا، فَقَاءَ فَضَعُفَ فَأَفْطَرَ لِذَلِكَ، هَكَذَا رُوِيَ فِي بَعْضِ الْحَدِيثِ مُفَسَّرًا. وَالْعَمَلُ عِنْدَ أَهْلِ الْعِلْمِ عَلَى حَدِيثِ أَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ عَنِ النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ أَنَّ الصَّائِمَ إِذَا ذَرَعَهُ الْقَيْءُ فَلَا قَضَاءَ عَلَيْهِ، وَإِذَا اسْتَقَاءَ عَمْدًا فَلْيَقْضِ، وَبِهِ يَقُولُ سُفْيَانُ الثَّوْرِيُّ وَالشَّافِعِيُّ وَأَحْمَدُ وَإِسْحَاقُ.

English translation

721. Abū Hurairah narrated that the Messenger of Allāh ﷺ said: "Whoever eats or drinks forgetfully, then he has not broken (the fast), for it was only a provision that Allāh provided for him." (Ṣaḥīḥ)

Arabic text

٧٢١ - حَدَّثَنَا ‌أَبُو سَعِيدٍ الْأَشَجُّ، قَالَ: حَدَّثَنَا ‌أَبُو خَالِدٍ الْأَحْمَرُ ، عَنْ ‌حَجَّاجِ بْنِ أَرْطَاةَ، عَنْ ‌قَتَادَةَ ، عَنِ ‌ابْنِ سِيرِينَ، عَنْ ‌أَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ قَالَ: قَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ: «مَنْ أَكَلَ أَوْ شَرِبَ نَاسِيًا وَهُوَ صَائِمٌ فَلَا يُفْطِرْ»، فَإِنَّمَا هُوَ رِزْقٌ رَزَقَهُ اللهُ.

English translation

722. (Another chain) with the same or similar (Hadīth as no. 721). (Ṣaḥīḥ) (He said:) There are narrations on this topic from Abū Sa'eed, and Umm Ishāq Al-Ghanawiyyah. Abū 'Eisā said: The Hadīth of Abū Hurairah is a Ḥasan Ṣaḥīḥ Hadīth. This is acted upon according to most of the people of knowledge. It is the saying of Sufyān Ath-Thawrī, Ash-Shāfi'i, Aḥmad and Ishāq. Mālik bin Anas said: "When he eats forgetfully during Ramaḍān, then he has to make it up." But the first view is more correct.

Arabic text

٧٢٢ - حَدَّثَنَا ‌أَبُو سَعِيدٍ الْأَشَجُّ ، قَالَ: حَدَّثَنَا ‌أَبُو أُسَامَةَ ، عَنْ ‌عَوْفٍ ، عَنِ ‌ابْنِ سِيرِينَ ‌وَخِلَاسٍ، عَنْ ‌أَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ ، عَنِ النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ - مِثْلَهُ أَوْ نَحْوَهُ. وَفِي الْبَابِ عَنْ أَبِي سَعِيدٍ وَأُمِّ إِسْحَاقَ الْغَنَوِيَّةِ. حَدِيثُ أَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ حَدِيثٌ حَسَنٌ صَحِيحٌ. وَالْعَمَلُ عَلَى هَذَا عِنْدَ أَكْثَرِ أَهْلِ الْعِلْمِ، وَبِهِ يَقُولُ سُفْيَانُ الثَّوْرِيُّ وَالشَّافِعِيُّ وَأَحْمَدُ وَإِسْحَاقُ. وَقَالَ مَالِكُ بْنُ أَنَسٍ: إِذَا أَكَلَ فِي رَمَضَانَ نَاسِيًا فَعَلَيْهِ الْقَضَاءُ. وَالْقَوْلُ الْأَوَّلُ أَصَحُّ.

English translation

723. Abū Hurairah narrated that the Messenger of Allāh ﷺ said: "Whoever breaks the fast during Ramaḍān without an allowance nor an illness, then if he fasted for all time, his fasting would not make up for it." (Ḍā'if) Abū 'Eisā said: The Ḥadīth of Abū Hurairah is a narration that we do not know of except from this route. I heard Muḥammad saying: "The name of Al-Muṭawwis (one of the narrators) is Yazīd bin Al-Muṭawwis, and I do not know of any other than this Ḥadīth from him."

Arabic text

٧٢٣ - حَدَّثَنَا ‌مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ بَشَّارٍ، قَالَ: حَدَّثَنَا ‌يَحْيَى بْنُ سَعِيدٍ ‌وَعَبْدُ الرَّحْمَنِ بْنُ مَهْدِيٍّ قَالَا: حَدَّثَنَا ‌سُفْيَانُ ، عَنْ ‌حَبِيبِ بْنِ أَبِي ثَابِتٍ، قَالَ: حَدَّثَنَا ‌أَبُو الْمُطَوِّسِ ، عَنْ ‌أَبِيهِ ، عَنْ ‌أَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ قَالَ: قَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ: «مَنْ أَفْطَرَ يَوْمًا مِنْ رَمَضَانَ مِنْ غَيْرِ رُخْصَةٍ وَلَا مَرَضٍ» لَمْ يَقْضِ عَنْهُ صَوْمُ الدَّهْرِ كُلِّهِ وَإِنْ صَامَهُ. حَدِيثُ أَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ لَا نَعْرِفُهُ إِلَّا مِنْ هَذَا الْوَجْهِ. وَسَمِعْتُ مُحَمَّدًا يَقُولُ: أَبُو الْمُطَوِّسِ اسْمُهُ يَزِيدُ بْنُ الْمُطَوِّسِ، وَلَا أَعْرِفُ لَهُ غَيْرَ هَذَا الْحَدِيثِ.

English translation

724. Abū Hurairah narrated that a man came and said: "O Messenger of Allāh; I am ruined!" He said: "What has ruined you?" He said: "I had sexual relations with my wife during Ramaḍān." He said: “Are you able to free a slave?” He said, “No.” He said: “Then are you able to fast for two consecutive months?” He said, “No.” He said: “Then are you able to feed sixty needy people?” He said, “No.” He said: “Sit.” So he sat. A big basket full of dates was brought to the Prophet ﷺ, and he said: “Give it in charity.” So he said: “There is no one needier than us between its two mountains.”[1] So the Prophet ﷺ laughed until his pre-molar teeth appeared, and he said: “Then take it to feed your family.” (Sahih) (He said:) There are narrations on this topic from Ibn ‘Umar, ‘Aishah, and ‘Abdullāh bin ‘Amr. Abū ‘Eisā said: The Hadīth of Abū Hurairah is a Ḥasan Sahīh Hadīth. This Hadīth is acted upon according to the people of knowledge regarding one who breaks his fast on purpose during Ramaḍān by sexual intercourse. As for one who breaks his fast on purpose by eating or drinking, then the people of knowledge differed over that. Some of them said that he has to make it up and atone for it. They likened eating and drinking to sexual intercourse in this regard. This is the saying of Sufyān Ath-Thawrī, Ibn Al-Mubārak, and Ishāq. Some of them said: He has to make it up, but there is no atonement required of him, because atonement was only mentioned from the Prophet ﷺ in the case of sexual intercourse, it was not mentioned by him for eating and drinking. And they say that the eating and drinking is not like sexual intercourse. This is the saying of Ash-Shāfi'i and Aḥmad. Ash-Shāfi'i said: "The saying of the Prophet ﷺ to the man who had broken his fast and who he had told to give the charity: 'Take it to feed your family' carries this meaning; it implies that the atonement is required from the one who is capable of it. This man was not capable of the atonement, so when the Prophet ﷺ gave him something and he possessed it, then the man said: 'There is no one that is more in need of it than us.' So the Prophet ﷺ said: 'Take it to feed your family.' Because the atonement can only take place after he has some surplus from his provisions." Ash-Shāfi'i preferred that whoever has a case similar to this, then he is to eat from it and the atonement will be a debt upon him, so whenever he is able to make the atonement, he should make it.

Arabic text

٧٢٤ - حَدَّثَنَا ‌نَصْرُ بْنُ عَلِيٍّ الْجَهْضَمِيُّ ‌وَأَبُو عَمَّارٍ - وَالْمَعْنَى وَاحِدٌ، وَاللَّفْظُ لَفْظُ أَبِي عَمَّارٍ - قَالَا: أَخْبَرَنَا ‌سُفْيَانُ بْنُ عُيَيْنَةَ ، عَنِ ‌الزُّهْرِيِّ ، عَنْ ‌حُمَيْدِ بْنِ عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ ، عَنْ ‌أَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ قَالَ: «أَتَاهُ رَجُلٌ» فَقَالَ: يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ، هَلَكْتُ! قَالَ: وَمَا أَهْلَكَكَ؟ قَالَ: وَقَعْتُ عَلَى امْرَأَتِي فِي رَمَضَانَ! قَالَ: هَلْ تَسْتَطِيعُ أَنْ تَعْتِقَ رَقَبَةً؟ قَالَ: لَا، قَالَ: فَهَلْ تَسْتَطِيعُ أَنْ تَصُومَ شَهْرَيْنِ مُتَتَابِعَيْنِ؟ قَالَ: لَا، قَالَ: فَهَلْ تَسْتَطِيعُ أَنْ تُطْعِمَ سِتِّينَ مِسْكِينًا؟ قَالَ: لَا، قَالَ: اجْلِسْ، فَجَلَسَ، فَأُتِيَ النَّبِيُّ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ بِعَرَقٍ فِيهِ تَمْرٌ - وَالْعَرَقُ الْمِكْتَلُ الضَّخْمُ - قَالَ: تَصَدَّقْ بِهِ، فَقَالَ: مَا بَيْنَ لَابَتَيْهَا أَحَدٌ أَفْقَرَ مِنَّا! قَالَ: فَضَحِكَ النَّبِيُّ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ حَتَّى بَدَتْ أَنْيَابُهُ، قَالَ: فَخُذْهُ فَأَطْعِمْهُ أَهْلَكَ. وَفِي الْبَابِ عَنِ ابْنِ عُمَرَ وَعَائِشَةَ وَعَبْدِ اللهِ بْنِ عَمْرٍو. حَدِيثُ أَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ حَدِيثٌ حَسَنٌ صَحِيحٌ. وَالْعَمَلُ عَلَى هَذَا الْحَدِيثِ عِنْدَ أَهْلِ الْعِلْمِ فِي مَنْ أَفْطَرَ فِي رَمَضَانَ مُتَعَمِّدًا مِنْ جِمَاعٍ، وَأَمَّا مَنْ أَفْطَرَ مُتَعَمِّدًا مِنْ أَكْلٍ أَوْ شُرْبٍ فَإِنَّ أَهْلَ الْعِلْمِ قَدِ اخْتَلَفُوا فِي ذَلِكَ. فَقَالَ بَعْضُهُمْ: عَلَيْهِ الْقَضَاءُ وَالْكَفَّارَةُ، وَشَبَّهُوا الْأَكْلَ وَالشُّرْبَ بِالْجِمَاعِ، وَهُوَ قَوْلُ سُفْيَانَ الثَّوْرِيِّ وَابْنِ الْمُبَارَكِ وَإِسْحَاقَ. وَقَالَ بَعْضُهُمْ: عَلَيْهِ الْقَضَاءُ وَلَا كَفَّارَةَ عَلَيْهِ؛ لِأَنَّهُ إِنَّمَا ذُكِرَ عَنِ النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ الْكَفَّارَةُ فِي الْجِمَاعِ وَلَمْ تُذْكَرْ عَنْهُ فِي الْأَكْلِ وَالشُّرْبِ، وَقَالُوا: لَا يُشْبِهُ الْأَكْلُ وَالشُّرْبُ الْجِمَاعَ، وَهُوَ قَوْلُ الشَّافِعِيِّ وَأَحْمَدَ. وَقَالَ الشَّافِعِيُّ: وَقَوْلُ النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ لِلرَّجُلِ الَّذِي أَفْطَرَ فَتَصَدَّقَ عَلَيْهِ خُذْهُ فَأَطْعِمْهُ أَهْلَكَ يَحْتَمِلُ هَذَا مَعَانِيَ؛ يَحْتَمِلُ أَنْ تَكُونَ الْكَفَّارَةُ عَلَى مَنْ قَدَرَ عَلَيْهَا، وَهَذَا رَجُلٌ لَمْ يَقْدِرْ عَلَى الْكَفَّارَةِ، فَلَمَّا أَعْطَاهُ النَّبِيُّ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ شَيْئًا وَمَلَّكَهُ، فَقَالَ الرَّجُلُ: مَا أَحَدٌ أَفْقَرَ إِلَيْهِ مِنَّا، فَقَالَ النَّبِيُّ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ: خُذْهُ فَأَطْعِمْهُ أَهْلَكَ، لِأَنَّ الْكَفَّارَةَ إِنَّمَا تَكُونُ بَعْدَ الْفَضْلِ عَنْ قُوتِهِ. وَاخْتَارَ الشَّافِعِيُّ لِمَنْ كَانَ عَلَى مِثْلِ هَذَا الْحَالِ أَنْ يَأْكُلَهُ، وَتَكُونَ الْكَفَّارَةُ عَلَيْهِ دَيْنًا، فَمَتَى مَا مَلَكَ يَوْمًا مَا كَفَّرَ.

English translation

725. ‘Abdullāh bin ‘Āmir bin Rabī‘ah narrated from his father who said: “I saw the Prophet ﷺ – (a number of times) such that I was not able to count – using the Siwāk while he was fasting.” (Da‘if) He said: There is something on this topic from ‘Āishah. Abū ‘Eisā said: The Hadīth of ‘Āmir bin Rabī‘ah is a Ḥasan Hadīth. This is acted upon according to the people of knowledge. They did not see any harm in the Siwāk for the fasting person, except that some of the people of knowledge considered it disliked for the fasting person to use fresh wood, and they considered it disliked to use the Siwāk at the end of the day. Ash-Shāfi‘ī did not see any harm in using the Siwāk in the beginning or the end of the day. Aḥmad and Ishāq disliked using the Siwāk at the end of the day.

Arabic text

٧٢٥ - حَدَّثَنَا ‌مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ بَشَّارٍ، قَالَ: حَدَّثَنَا ‌عَبْدُ الرَّحْمَنِ بْنُ مَهْدِيٍّ، قَالَ: حَدَّثَنَا ‌سُفْيَانُ ، عَنْ ‌عَاصِمِ بْنِ عُبَيْدِ اللهِ ، عَنْ ‌عَبْدِ اللهِ بْنِ عَامِرِ بْنِ رَبِيعَةَ ، عَنْ ‌أَبِيهِ قَالَ: «رَأَيْتُ النَّبِيَّ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ مَا لَا أُحْصِي يَتَسَوَّكُ وَهُوَ صَائِمٌ». وَفِي الْبَابِ عَنْ عَائِشَةَ. حَدِيثُ عَامِرِ بْنِ رَبِيعَةَ حَدِيثٌ حَسَنٌ. وَالْعَمَلُ عَلَى هَذَا عِنْدَ أَهْلِ الْعِلْمِ؛ لَا يَرَوْنَ بِالسِّوَاكِ لِلصَّائِمِ بَأْسًا، إِلَّا أَنَّ بَعْضَ أَهْلِ الْعِلْمِ كَرِهُوا السِّوَاكَ لِلصَّائِمِ بِالْعُودِ الرَّطْبِ، وَكَرِهُوا لَهُ السِّوَاكَ آخِرَ النَّهَارِ، وَلَمْ يَرَ الشَّافِعِيُّ بِالسِّوَاكِ بَأْسًا أَوَّلَ النَّهَارِ وَلَا آخِرَهُ، وَكَرِهَ أَحْمَدُ وَإِسْحَاقُ السِّوَاكَ آخِرَ النَّهَارِ.

English translation

726. Anas bin Mālik narrated that a man came to the Prophet ﷺ and said: "My eyes are bothering me, can I use Kuhl while I am fasting?" He said: "Yes." (Da'if) (He said:) There is something on this topic from Abū Rāfi'. Abū 'Eisā said: The chain for the Hadīth of Anas is not strong, and there is nothing authentic from the Prophet ﷺ about this topic. Abū 'Ātikah (one of the narrators) was graded weak. The people of knowledge differ over the fasting person using Kuhl; some of them disliked it, this is the view of Sufyān, Ibn Al-Mubārak, Aḥmad, and Ishāq. Some of the people of knowledge allowed Kuhl for the fasting person, and this is the view of Ash-Shāfi'i.

Arabic text

٧٢٦ - حَدَّثَنَا ‌عَبْدُ الْأَعْلَى بْنُ وَاصِلٍ، قَالَ: حَدَّثَنَا ‌الْحَسَنُ بْنُ عَطِيَّةَ، قَالَ: حَدَّثَنَا ‌أَبُو عَاتِكَةَ ، عَنْ ‌أَنَسِ بْنِ مَالِكٍ قَالَ: «جَاءَ رَجُلٌ» إِلَى النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ فَقَالَ: اشْتَكَتْ عَيْنِي، أَفَأَكْتَحِلُ وَأَنَا صَائِمٌ؟ قَالَ: نَعَمْ. وَفِي الْبَابِ عَنْ أَبِي رَافِعٍ. حَدِيثُ أَنَسٍ حَدِيثٌ لَيْسَ إِسْنَادُهُ بِالْقَوِيِّ، وَلَا يَصِحُّ عَنِ النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ فِي هَذَا الْبَابِ شَيْءٌ، وَأَبُو عَاتِكَةَ يُضَعَّفُ. وَاخْتَلَفَ أَهْلُ الْعِلْمِ فِي الْكُحْلِ لِلصَّائِمِ: فَكَرِهَهُ بَعْضُهُمْ، وَهُوَ قَوْلُ سُفْيَانَ وَابْنِ الْمُبَارَكِ وَأَحْمَدَ وَإِسْحَاقَ، وَرَخَّصَ بَعْضُ أَهْلِ الْعِلْمِ فِي الْكُحْلِ لِلصَّائِمِ، وَهُوَ قَوْلُ الشَّافِعِيِّ.

English translation

727. 'Āishah narrated: "The Prophet ﷺ would kiss during the month of fasting." (Ṣaḥīḥ) (He said:) There are narrations on this topic from 'Umar bin Al-Khaṭṭāb, Ḥafṣah, Abū Sa'eed, Umm Salamah, Ibn 'Abbās, Anas, and Abū Hurairah. Abū 'Eisā said: The Hadīth of 'Āishah is a Ḥasan Ṣaḥīḥ Hadīth. The people of knowledge, among the Companions of the Prophet ﷺ, and others, differ over kissing for the fasting person. Some of the Companions of the Prophet ﷺ permitted kissing for the elder man but they did not permit it for the young, fearing that his fast would not be safe from it. Fondling is worse according to them, some of the people of knowledge said that kissing ruins the reward, but it does not break the fast. They held the view that if the fasting person can control himself then he can kiss, and when he does not think that he can control himself then he should avoid kissing for the safety of his fast. This is the saying of Sufyān Ath-Thawrī and Ash-Shāfi'i.

Arabic text

٧٢٧ - حَدَّثَنَا ‌هَنَّادٌ ‌وَقُتَيْبَةُ، قَالَا: حَدَّثَنَا ‌أَبُو الْأَحْوَصِ ، عَنْ ‌زِيَادِ بْنِ عِلَاقَةَ، عَنْ ‌عَمْرِو بْنِ مَيْمُونٍ ، عَنْ ‌عَائِشَةَ أَنَّ النَّبِيَّ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ «كَانَ يُقَبِّلُ فِي شَهْرِ الصَّوْمِ». وَفِي الْبَابِ عَنْ عُمَرَ بْنِ الْخَطَّابِ وَحَفْصَةَ وَأَبِي سَعِيدٍ وَأُمِّ سَلَمَةَ وَابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ وَأَنَسٍ وَأَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ. حَدِيثُ عَائِشَةَ حَدِيثٌ حَسَنٌ صَحِيحٌ. وَاخْتَلَفَ أَهْلُ الْعِلْمِ مِنْ أَصْحَابِ النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ وَغَيْرِهِمْ فِي الْقُبْلَةِ لِلصَّائِمِ، فَرَخَّصَ بَعْضُ أَصْحَابِ النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ فِي الْقُبْلَةِ لِلشَّيْخِ، وَلَمْ يُرَخِّصُوا لِلشَّابِّ مَخَافَةَ أَنْ لَا يَسْلَمَ لَهُ صَوْمُهُ، وَالْمُبَاشَرَةُ عِنْدَهُمْ أَشَدُّ. وَقَدْ قَالَ بَعْضُ أَهْلِ الْعِلْمِ: الْقُبْلَةُ تُنْقِصُ الْأَجْرَ وَلَا تُفْطِرُ الصَّائِمَ، وَرَأَوْا أَنَّ لِلصَّائِمِ إِذَا مَلَكَ نَفْسَهُ أَنْ يُقَبِّلَ، وَإِذَا لَمْ يَأْمَنْ عَلَى نَفْسِهِ تَرَكَ الْقُبْلَةَ لِيَسْلَمَ لَهُ صَوْمُهُ، وَهُوَ قَوْلُ سُفْيَانَ الثَّوْرِيِّ وَالشَّافِعِيِّ.

English translation

728. 'Aishah narrated: "The Messenger of Allāh ﷺ would fondle me while he was fasting, and he had the most control among you of his limbs (li irbihi).” (Saḥīḥ)

Arabic text

٧٢٨ - حَدَّثَنَا ‌ابْنُ أَبِي عُمَرَ، قَالَ: حَدَّثَنَا ‌وَكِيعٌ، قَالَ: حَدَّثَنَا ‌إِسْرَائِيلُ ، عَنْ ‌أَبِي إِسْحَاقَ، عَنْ ‌أَبِي مَيْسَرَةَ ، عَنْ ‌عَائِشَةَ قَالَتْ: «كَانَ رَسُولُ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ يُبَاشِرُنِي وَهُوَ صَائِمٌ، وَكَانَ أَمْلَكَكُمْ لِإِرْبِهِ».

English translation

729. ‘Aishah narrated: “The Messenger of Allāh ﷺ would kiss and fondle while he was fasting, and he had the most control among you of his limbs.” (Saḥīḥ) Abū ‘Eisā said: This Hadīth is Ḥasan Saḥīḥ. Abū Maisarah’s name is ‘Amr bin Shurahīl, and the meaning of (Al-Irbihi) “his limbs” is himself.[1]

Arabic text

٧٢٩ - حَدَّثَنَا ‌هَنَّادٌ، قَالَ: حَدَّثَنَا ‌أَبُو مُعَاوِيَةَ ، عَنِ ‌الْأَعْمَشِ ، عَنْ ‌إِبْرَاهِيمَ، عَنْ ‌عَلْقَمَةَ ‌وَالْأَسْوَدِ ، عَنْ ‌عَائِشَةَ قَالَتْ: «كَانَ رَسُولُ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ يُقَبِّلُ وَيُبَاشِرُ» وَهُوَ صَائِمٌ، وَكَانَ أَمْلَكَكُمْ لِإِرْبِهِ. هَذَا حَدِيثٌ حَسَنٌ صَحِيحٌ، وَأَبُو مَيْسَرَةَ اسْمُهُ عَمْرُو بْنُ شُرَحْبِيلَ، وَمَعْنَى لِإِرْبِهِ: لِنَفْسِهِ.

English translation

730. Hafṣah narrated that the Prophet ﷺ said: “Whoever did not decide to fast before Fajr then there is no fast for him.” (Ḍaʿīf) Abū ‘Eisā said: We do not know of the Hadīth of Hafṣah to be Marfūʿ except from this route. It has been reported from Nāfiʿ, from Ibn 'Umar as his saying, and this is more correct. (Similarly, this Hadīth was reported from Az-Zuhri in Mawqūf form, and we do not know of anyone who narrated it in Marfū' form except for Yahya bin Ayyūb.) According to some of the people of knowledge, this only means that there is no fast for the one who does not decide to do so before Fajr begins during Ramaḍān, or when making up for Ramaḍān, or when fasting to expiate a vow; when he did not intend it during the night, then it will not be accepted from him. As for voluntary fasting, then it is permissible for him to intend to do it after the morning begins. This is the view of Ash-Shāfi'i, Aḥmad, and Ishāq.

Arabic text

٧٣٠ - حَدَّثَنَا ‌إِسْحَاقُ بْنُ مَنْصُورٍ، قَالَ: أَخْبَرَنَا ‌ابْنُ أَبِي مَرْيَمَ، قَالَ: أَخْبَرَنَا ‌يَحْيَى بْنُ أَيُّوبَ، عَنْ ‌عَبْدِ اللهِ بْنِ أَبِي بَكْرٍ ، عَنِ ‌ابْنِ شِهَابٍ، عَنْ ‌سَالِمِ بْنِ عَبْدِ اللهِ ، عَنْ ‌أَبِيهِ ، عَنْ ‌حَفْصَةَ ، عَنِ النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ قَالَ: «مَنْ لَمْ يُجْمِعِ» الصِّيَامَ قَبْلَ الْفَجْرِ فَلَا صِيَامَ لَهُ. حَدِيثُ حَفْصَةَ حَدِيثٌ لَا نَعْرِفُهُ مَرْفُوعًا إِلَّا مِنْ هَذَا الْوَجْهِ. وَقَدْ رُوِيَ عَنْ نَافِعٍ عَنِ ابْنِ عُمَرَ قَوْلُهُ، وَهُوَ أَصَحُّ، وَهَكَذَا أَيْضًا رُوِيَ هَذَا الْحَدِيثُ عَنِ الزُّهْرِيِّ مَوْقُوفًا، وَلَا نَعْلَمُ أَحَدًا رَفَعَهُ إِلَّا يَحْيَى بْنَ أَيُّوبَ. وَإِنَّمَا مَعْنَى هَذَا عِنْدَ بَعْضِ أَهْلِ الْعِلْمِ: لَا صِيَامَ لِمَنْ لَمْ يُجْمِعِ الصِّيَامَ قَبْلَ طُلُوعِ الْفَجْرِ فِي رَمَضَانَ أَوْ فِي قَضَاءِ رَمَضَانَ، أَوْ فِي صِيَامِ نَذْرٍ، إِذَا لَمْ يَنْوِهِ مِنَ اللَّيْلِ لَمْ يُجْزِهِ، وَأَمَّا صِيَامُ التَّطَوُّعِ فَمُبَاحٌ لَهُ أَنْ يَنْوِيَهُ بَعْدَ مَا أَصْبَحَ، وَهُوَ قَوْلُ الشَّافِعِيِّ وَأَحْمَدَ وَإِسْحَاقَ.

English translation

731. Umm Hānī' narrated: "I was sitting with the Prophet ﷺ when some drink was brought, so he drank from it, then he offered it to me and I drank from it. Then I said: 'I have indeed sinned, so seek forgiveness for me.' He said: 'What is that?' I said: 'I was fasting, then I broke the fast.' He said: 'Were you performing a fast that you had to make up?’ I said: ‘No.’ He said: ‘Then it is no harm for you.’” (Da’if) (He said:) There are narrations on this topic from Abū Sa’eed and ‘Aishah.

Arabic text

٧٣١ - حَدَّثَنَا ‌قُتَيْبَةُ، قَالَ: حَدَّثَنَا ‌أَبُو الْأَحْوَصِ ، عَنْ ‌سِمَاكِ بْنِ حَرْبٍ، عَنِ ‌ابْنِ أُمِّ هَانِئٍ ، عَنْ ‌أُمِّ هَانِئٍ قَالَتْ: «كُنْتُ قَاعِدَةً عِنْدَ النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ فَأُتِيَ بِشَرَابٍ فَشَرِبَ مِنْهُ، ثُمَّ نَاوَلَنِي فَشَرِبْتُ مِنْهُ، فَقُلْتُ: إِنِّي أَذْنَبْتُ فَاسْتَغْفِرْ لِي، فَقَالَ: وَمَا ذَاكِ؟ قَالَتْ: كُنْتُ صَائِمَةً فَأَفْطَرْتُ! فَقَالَ: أَمِنْ قَضَاءٍ كُنْتِ تَقْضِينَهُ؟ قَالَتْ: لَا، قَالَ: فَلَا يَضُرُّكِ». وَفِي الْبَابِ عَنْ أَبِي سَعِيدٍ وَعَائِشَةَ.

English translation

732. Simāk bin Ḥarb narrated: “A person from the offspring of Umm Hānī’ narrated to me – I met one of the most virtuous among them, and his name was Ja’dah, and Umm Hānī’ was his grandmother – he narrated to me from his grandmother that the Messenger of Allāh ﷺ entered upon her and asked for some drink, and he drank. Then he offered it to her and she drank it. Then she said: “O Messenger of Allāh! I was fasting.” So the Messenger of Allāh ﷺ said: “The one fasting a voluntary fast is the trustee for himself; if he wishes he fasts, and if he wishes he breaks.” Shu’bah (one of the narrators) said: “I said to him (Ja’dah):[1] ‘Did you hear this from Umm Hānī’?’ He said: ‘No Abū Ṣāliḥ and our family informed us of it from Umm Hānī'.” (Da'if) Hammād bin Salamah reported this Hadīth from Simāk [bin Ḥarb] and he said: “From Hārūn the son of the daughter of Umm Hānī’, from Umm Hānī’.” And the narration of Shu’bah is better. This is how it was narrated to us by Maḥmūd bin Ghailān, from Abū Dāwūd, he said: “The trustee for himself”, while others besides Maḥmūd narrated it from Abū Dāwūd that he said: “in charge of himself – or the trustee for himself” with doubt. Similarly it was reported from others, from Shu’bah: “In charge of himself – or the trustee for himself” with doubt (He said: There is disparagement regarding the chain for the Hadīth of Umm Hānī’, while it is acted upon according to some of the people of knowledge among the Companions of the Prophet ﷺ and others: When the one performing a voluntary fast breaks his fast, then he is not required to make it up unless it was (a fast) that he was required to make up. This is the view of Sufyān Ath-Thawrī, Aḥmad, Ishāq and Ash-Shāfi’ī.)

Arabic text

٧٣٢ - حَدَّثَنَا ‌مَحْمُودُ بْنُ غَيْلَانَ، قَالَ: حَدَّثَنَا ‌أَبُو دَاوُدَ، قَالَ: حَدَّثَنَا ‌شُعْبَةُ قَالَ: كُنْتُ أَسْمَعُ ‌سِمَاكَ بْنَ حَرْبٍ يَقُولُ: أَحَدُ بَنِي أُمِّ هَانِئٍ حَدَّثَنِي، فَلَقِيتُ أَنَا أَفْضَلَهُمْ - وَكَانَ اسْمُهُ ‌جَعْدَةَ، وَكَانَتْ أُمُّ هَانِئٍ جَدَّتَهُ - فَحَدَّثَنِي عَنْ ‌جَدَّتِهِ «أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ دَخَلَ عَلَيْهَا فَدَعَى بِشَرَابٍ فَشَرِبَ، ثُمَّ نَاوَلَهَا فَشَرِبَتْ، فَقَالَتْ: يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ، أَمَا إِنِّي كُنْتُ صَائِمَةً! فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ: الصَّائِمُ الْمُتَطَوِّعُ أَمِينُ نَفْسِهِ؛ إِنْ شَاءَ صَامَ، وَإِنْ شَاءَ أَفْطَرَ». قَالَ شُعْبَةُ: فَقُلْتُ لَهُ: أَأَنْتَ سَمِعْتَ هَذَا مِنْ أُمِّ هَانِئٍ؟ قَالَ: لَا، أَخْبَرَنِي ‌أَبُو صَالِحٍ ‌وَأَهْلُنَا عَنْ ‌أُمِّ هَانِئٍ . وَرَوَى حَمَّادُ بْنُ سَلَمَةَ هَذَا الْحَدِيثَ عَنْ سِمَاكِ بْنِ حَرْبٍ فَقَالَ: عَنْ هَارُونَ بْنِ بِنْتِ أُمِّ هَانِئٍ عَنْ أُمِّ هَانِئٍ. وَرِوَايَةُ شُعْبَةَ أَحْسَنُ، هَكَذَا حَدَّثَنَا مَحْمُودُ بْنُ غَيْلَانَ عَنْ أَبِي دَاوُدَ فَقَالَ: أَمِينُ نَفْسِهِ. وَحَدَّثَنَا غَيْرُ مَحْمُودٍ عَنْ أَبِي دَاوُدَ، فَقَالَ: أَمِيرُ نَفْسِهِ، أَوْ أَمِينُ نَفْسِهِ - عَلَى الشَّكِّ. وَهَكَذَا رُوِيَ مِنْ غَيْرِ وَجْهٍ عَنْ شُعْبَةَ: أَمِينُ، أَوْ أَمِيرُ نَفْسِهِ - عَلَى الشَّكِّ. وَحَدِيثُ أُمِّ هَانِئٍ فِي إِسْنَادِهِ مَقَالٌ. وَالْعَمَلُ عَلَيْهِ عِنْدَ بَعْضِ أَهْلِ الْعِلْمِ مِنْ أَصْحَابِ النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ وَغَيْرِهِمْ؛ أَنَّ الصَّائِمَ الْمُتَطَوِّعَ إِذَا أَفْطَرَ فَلَا قَضَاءَ عَلَيْهِ، إِلَّا أَنْ يُحِبَّ أَنْ يَقْضِيَهُ، وَهُوَ قَوْلُ سُفْيَانَ الثَّوْرِيِّ وَأَحْمَدَ وَإِسْحَاقَ وَالشَّافِعِيِّ.

English translation

733. ‘Āishah, the Mother of the Believers, narrated: “The Messenger of Allāh ﷻ visited me one day and said: 'Do you have anything (to eat)?'" She said: "I said: 'No.' He said: 'Then I am fasting.'" (Sahih)

Arabic text

٧٣٣ - حَدَّثَنَا ‌هَنَّادٌ، قَالَ: حَدَّثَنَا ‌وَكِيعٌ، عَنْ ‌طَلْحَةَ بْنِ يَحْيَى ، عَنْ عَمَّتِهِ ‌عَائِشَةَ بِنْتِ طَلْحَةَ ، عَنْ ‌عَائِشَةَ أُمِّ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ قَالَتْ: «دَخَلَ عَلَيَّ رَسُولُ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ يَوْمًا فَقَالَ: هَلْ عِنْدَكُمْ شَيْءٌ؟ قَالَتْ: قُلْتُ: لَا، قَالَ: فَإِنِّي صَائِمٌ».

English translation

734. Āishah, the Mother of the Believers, narrated: "The Messenger of Allāh ﷺ came to me saying, 'Do you have anything for breakfast?' I said: 'No.' Then he said: 'I am fasting.'" She said: "One day he came to me and I said: 'O Messenger of Allāh; I have received a gift for us.' He said: 'What is it?'" She said: "I said: Hais[1] He said: 'I began the day fasting'" She said: "Then he ate." (Sahih) Abū Eisā said: This Hadīth is Hasan.

Arabic text

٧٣٤ - حَدَّثَنَا ‌مَحْمُودُ بْنُ غَيْلَانَ، قَالَ: حَدَّثَنَا ‌بِشْرُ بْنُ السَّرِيِّ ، عَنْ ‌سُفْيَانَ ، عَنْ ‌طَلْحَةَ بْنِ يَحْيَى ، عَنْ ‌عَائِشَةَ بِنْتِ طَلْحَةَ ، عَنْ ‌عَائِشَةَ أُمِّ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ، قَالَتْ: «كَانَ النَّبِيُّ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ يَأْتِينِي فَيَقُولُ: أَعِنْدَكِ غَدَاءٌ؟ فَأَقُولُ: لَا، فَيَقُولُ: إِنِّي صَائِمٌ قَالَتْ: فَأَتَانِي يَوْمًا فَقُلْتُ: يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ، إِنَّهُ قَدْ أُهْدِيَتْ لَنَا هَدِيَّةٌ، قَالَ: وَمَا هِيَ؟ قَالَتْ: قُلْتُ: حَيْسٌ، قَالَ: أَمَا إِنِّي قَدْ أَصْبَحْتُ صَائِمًا،» قَالَتْ: ثُمَّ أَكَلَ. هَذَا حَدِيثٌ حَسَنٌ.

English translation

735. Āishah narrated: "Hafsah and I were both fasting when we were presented some food that we really wanted, so we ate from it. The Messenger of Allāh ﷺ came, and Hafṣah beat me to him – she was the daughter of her father[1] – and she said: ‘O Messenger of Allāh! We were both fasting when we were presented with some food that we wanted, so we ate from it.’ He said: ‘Make up another day in its place.’” (Ḍaʿīf) Abū ‘Eisā said: Ṣāliḥ bin Abī Al-Akhḍār and Muḥammad bin Abī Hafṣah (also) narrated this Hadīth from Az-Zuhri, from ‘Urwah, from ‘Aishah. While Mālik bin Anas, Maʿmar, ‘Ubaidullāh bin ‘Umar, Ziyād bin Saʿd and others among the Huffāẓ reported it from Az-Zuhri, from ‘Aishah, in Mursal form; they did not mention “from ‘Urwah” in it. This is more correct because it has been reported from Ibn Juraij that he said: “I asked Az-Zuhri: ‘Did ‘Urwah narrate this to you from ‘Aishah?’ He said: ‘I did not hear anything from ‘Urwah about this. Rather, during the Khilāfah of Sulaimān bin ‘Abdul-Mālik I heard from some people, from someone who asked ‘Aishah about this Hadīth.’” This was narrated to us (with his chain) from Ibn Juraij, and he mentioned the Hadīth. Some of the people of knowledge among the Companions of the Prophet ﷺ and others followed this Hadīth, seeing that one has to make up a fast when it is broken, and this is the view of Mālik bin Anas.

Arabic text

٧٣٥ - حَدَّثَنَا ‌أَحْمَدُ بْنُ مَنِيعٍ، قَالَ: حَدَّثَنَا ‌كَثِيرُ بْنُ هِشَامٍ، قَالَ: حَدَّثَنَا ‌جَعْفَرُ بْنُ بُرْقَانَ ، عَنِ ‌الزُّهْرِيِّ ، عَنْ ‌عُرْوَةَ ، عَنْ ‌عَائِشَةَ قَالَتْ: «كُنْتُ أَنَا وَحَفْصَةُ» صَائِمَتَيْنِ، فَعَرَضَ لَنَا طَعَامٌ اشْتَهَيْنَاهُ فَأَكَلْنَا مِنْهُ، فَجَاءَ رَسُولُ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ فَبَدَرَتْنِي إِلَيْهِ حَفْصَةُ، وَكَانَتِ ابْنَةَ أَبِيهَا، فَقَالَتْ: يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ، إِنَّا كُنَّا صَائِمَتَيْنِ فَعَرَضَ لَنَا طَعَامٌ اشْتَهَيْنَاهُ فَأَكَلْنَا مِنْهُ، قَالَ: اقْضِيَا يَوْمًا آخَرَ مَكَانَهُ. وَرَوَى صَالِحُ بْنُ أَبِي الْأَخْضَرِ وَمُحَمَّدُ بْنُ أَبِي حَفْصَةَ هَذَا الْحَدِيثَ عَنِ الزُّهْرِيِّ عَنْ عُرْوَةَ عَنْ عَائِشَةَ مِثْلَ هَذَا. وَرَوَاهُ مَالِكُ بْنُ أَنَسٍ وَمَعْمَرٌ وَعُبَيْدُ اللهِ بْنُ عُمَرَ وَزِيَادُ بْنُ سَعْدٍ وَغَيْرُ وَاحِدٍ مِنَ الْحُفَّاظِ عَنِ الزُّهْرِيِّ عَنْ عَائِشَةَ مُرْسَلًا، وَلَمْ يَذْكُرُوا فِيهِ عَنْ عُرْوَةَ، وَهَذَا أَصَحُّ؛ لِأَنَّهُ رُوِيَ عَنِ ابْنِ جُرَيْجٍ، قَالَ: سَأَلْتُ الزُّهْرِيَّ، قُلْتُ لَهُ: أَحَدَّثَكَ عُرْوَةُ عَنْ عَائِشَةَ؟ قَالَ: لَمْ أَسْمَعْ مِنْ عُرْوَةَ فِي هَذَا شَيْئًا، وَلَكِنِّي سَمِعْتُ فِي خِلَافَةِ سُلَيْمَانَ بْنِ عَبْدِ الْمَلِكِ مِنْ نَاسٍ عَنْ بَعْضِ مَنْ سَأَلَ عَائِشَةَ عَنْ هَذَا الْحَدِيثِ. ٧٣٥ (م) - حَدَّثَنَا بِذَلِكَ ‌عَلِيُّ بْنُ عِيسَى بْنِ يَزِيدَ الْبَغْدَادِيُّ، قَالَ: حَدَّثَنَا ‌رَوْحُ بْنُ عُبَادَةَ ، عَنِ ‌ابْنِ جُرَيْجٍ - فَذَكَرَ الْحَدِيثَ. وَقَدْ ذَهَبَ قَوْمٌ مِنْ أَهْلِ الْعِلْمِ مِنْ أَصْحَابِ النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ وَغَيْرِهِمْ إِلَى هَذَا الْحَدِيثِ؛ فَرَأَوْا عَلَيْهِ الْقَضَاءَ إِذَا أَفْطَرَ، وَهُوَ قَوْلُ مَالِكِ بْنِ أَنَسٍ.

English translation

736. Umm Salamah narrated: "I did not see the Prophet ﷺ fasting two consecutive months except for Sha'bān and Ramaḍān." (Ṣaḥīḥ) There is something on this topic from 'Aishah. Abū 'Eisā said: The Hadīth of Umm Salamah is a Ḥasan Hadīth. This Hadīth has also been reported from Abū Salamah, from 'Aishah, that she said: "I did not see the Prophet ﷺ fasting more in any month than he did during Sha'bān. He would fast (all) but a little of it, rather, he would fast all of it."

Arabic text

٧٣٦ - حَدَّثَنَا ‌مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ بَشَّارٍ، قَالَ: حَدَّثَنَا ‌عَبْدُ الرَّحْمَنِ بْنُ مَهْدِيٍّ ، عَنْ ‌سُفْيَانَ ، عَنْ ‌مَنْصُورٍ ، عَنْ ‌سَالِمِ بْنِ أَبِي الْجَعْدِ، عَنْ ‌أَبِي سَلَمَةَ ، عَنْ ‌أُمِّ سَلَمَةَ ، قَالَتْ: «مَا رَأَيْتُ النَّبِيَّ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ يَصُومُ شَهْرَيْنِ مُتَتَابِعَيْنِ إِلَّا شَعْبَانَ وَرَمَضَانَ». وَفِي الْبَابِ عَنْ عَائِشَةَ. حَدِيثُ أُمِّ سَلَمَةَ حَدِيثٌ حَسَنٌ. وَقَدْ رُوِيَ هَذَا الْحَدِيثُ أَيْضًا عَنْ أَبِي سَلَمَةَ، عَنْ عَائِشَةَ أَنَّهَا قَالَتْ: مَا رَأَيْتُ النَّبِيَّ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ فِي شَهْرٍ أَكْثَرَ صِيَامًا مِنْهُ فِي شَعْبَانَ، كَانَ يَصُومُهُ إِلَّا قَلِيلًا، بَلْ كَانَ يَصُومُهُ كُلَّهُ.

English translation

737. (Another chain, a Hadīth similar to no. 736) for that, from 'Aishah, from the Prophet ﷺ. (Ḥasan) Sālim Abū An-Naḍr and others, narrated this Hadīth from Abū Salamah, from ‘Āishah, and it is similar to the narration of Muḥammad bin ‘Amr. (a narrator in the chain of this Hadīth) It has been reported that Ibn Al-Mubārak said about this Hadīth: “It is allowed in the language of the ‘Arabs, that when one fasts most of the month, it is said that he fasted all of it. It is said: ‘So-and-so stood the whole night in prayer’ while perhaps he ate or involved himself with some other matter.” It is as if Ibn Al-Mubārak saw that both of the Aḥādīth were in agreement, saying that the meaning of this Hadīth is only that he fasted most of the month.

Arabic text

٧٣٧ - حَدَّثَنَا ‌هَنَّادٌ، قَالَ: حَدَّثَنَا ‌عَبْدَةُ، عَنْ ‌مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عَمْرٍو، قَالَ: حَدَّثَنَا ‌أَبُو سَلَمَةَ ، عَنْ ‌عَائِشَةَ ، عَنِ النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ - بِذَلِكَ. وَقَدْ رَوَى سَالِمٌ أَبُو النَّضْرِ وَغَيْرُ وَاحِدٍ عَنْ أَبِي سَلَمَةَ عَنْ عَائِشَةَ نَحْوَ رِوَايَةِ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عَمْرٍو. وَرُوِيَ عَنِ ابْنِ الْمُبَارَكِ أَنَّهُ قَالَ فِي هَذَا الْحَدِيثِ: هُوَ جَائِزٌ فِي كَلَامِ الْعَرَبِ إِذَا صَامَ أَكْثَرَ الشَّهْرِ أَنْ يُقَالَ: صَامَ الشَّهْرَ كُلَّهُ، وَيُقَالُ: قَامَ فُلَانٌ لَيْلَهُ أَجْمَعَ، وَلَعَلَّهُ تَعَشَّى وَاشْتَغَلَ بِبَعْضِ أَمْرِهِ، كَأَنَّ ابْنَ الْمُبَارَكِ قَدْ رَأَى كِلَا الْحَدِيثَيْنِ مُتَّفِقَيْنِ، يَقُولُ: إِنَّمَا مَعْنَى هَذَا الْحَدِيثِ أَنَّهُ كَانَ يَصُومُ أَكْثَرَ الشَّهْرِ.

English translation

738. Abū Hurairah narrated that the Messenger of Allāh ﷺ said: “When a half of Sha'bān remains then do not fast.” (Ṣaḥīḥ) Abū ‘Eisā said: The Hadīth of Abū Hurairah is a Ḥasan Ṣaḥīḥ Hadīth, and, we do not know of it except from this route, with this wording. According to some of the people of knowledge, this Hadīth refers to the case of a man who is not fasting, and when part of the month of Sha'bān remains, he starts fasting for the sake of the month of Ramaḍān. There is something that is reported from Abū Hurairah, from the Prophet ﷺ that is similar to this saying: where he ﷺ said: "Do not precede the month of Ramaḍān by fasting, unless that fast falls on a day that one of you would have (normally) fasted." In this Hadīth there is proof that it is only disliked for the one who fasts purposefully for the sake of Ramaḍān.

Arabic text

٧٣٨ - حَدَّثَنَا ‌قُتَيْبَةُ، قَالَ: حَدَّثَنَا ‌عَبْدُ الْعَزِيزِ بْنُ مُحَمَّدٍ ، عَنِ ‌الْعَلَاءِ بْنِ عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ ، عَنْ ‌أَبِيهِ ، عَنْ ‌أَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ قَالَ: قَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ: «إِذَا بَقِيَ نِصْفٌ مِنْ شَعْبَانَ فَلَا تَصُومُوا». حَدِيثُ أَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ حَدِيثٌ حَسَنٌ صَحِيحٌ، لَا نَعْرِفُهُ إِلَّا مِنْ هَذَا الْوَجْهِ عَلَى هَذَا اللَّفْظِ. وَمَعْنَى هَذَا الْحَدِيثِ عِنْدَ بَعْضِ أَهْلِ الْعِلْمِ أَنْ يَكُونَ الرَّجُلُ مُفْطِرًا، فَإِذَا بَقِيَ مِنْ شَعْبَانَ شَيْءٌ أَخَذَ فِي الصَّوْمِ لِحَالِ شَهْرِ رَمَضَانَ. وَقَدْ رُوِيَ عَنْ أَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ عَنِ النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ مَا يُشْبِهُ قَوْلَهُمْ، حَيْثُ قَالَ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ: لَا تَقَدَّمُوا شَهْرَ رَمَضَانَ بِصِيَامٍ إِلَّا أَنْ يُوَافِقَ ذَلِكَ صَوْمًا كَانَ يَصُومُهُ أَحَدُكُمْ، وَقَدْ دَلَّ فِي هَذَا الْحَدِيثِ إِنَّمَا الْكَرَاهِيَةُ عَلَى مَنْ يَتَعَمَّدُ الصِّيَامَ لِحَالِ رَمَضَانَ.

English translation

739. 'Aīshah narrated: "I could not find the Messenger of Allāh one night. So I left and found him at Al-Baqī".[1] He said: 'Did you fear you had been wronged by Allāh and His Messenger?' I said: 'O Messenger of Allāh! I thought that you had gone to one of your wives.' So he said: 'Indeed Allāh, Mighty and Sublime is He, descends to the lowest Heavens during the night of the middle of Sha'bān, to grant forgiveness to more than the number of hairs on the sheep of (Banū) Kalb.'" (Ḍa'īf) There is something on this topic from Abū Bakr Aṣ-Ṣiddīq. Abū 'Eisā said: We do not know of the Ḥadīth of 'Aishah except by this route, from the narration of Al-Hajjāj, and I heard Muḥammad saying that this Ḥadīth is weak. He said: "Yaḥya bin Abī Kathīr did not hear from 'Urwah." Muḥammad said: "Al-Hajjāj did not hear from Yaḥya bin Abī Kathīr."

Arabic text

٧٣٩ - حَدَّثَنَا ‌أَحْمَدُ بْنُ مَنِيعٍ، قَالَ: حَدَّثَنَا ‌يَزِيدُ بْنُ هَارُونَ، قَالَ: أَخْبَرَنَا ‌الْحَجَّاجُ بْنُ أَرْطَاةَ، عَنْ ‌يَحْيَى بْنِ أَبِي كَثِيرٍ ، عَنْ ‌عُرْوَةَ، عَنْ ‌عَائِشَةَ قَالَتْ: «فَقَدْتُ رَسُولَ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ لَيْلَةً، فَخَرَجْتُ فَإِذَا هُوَ بِالْبَقِيعِ،» فَقَالَ: أَكُنْتِ تَخَافِينَ أَنْ يَحِيفَ اللهُ عَلَيْكِ وَرَسُولُهُ؟ قُلْتُ: يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ، إِنِّي ظَنَنْتُ أَنَّكَ أَتَيْتَ بَعْضَ نِسَائِكَ! فَقَالَ: إِنَّ اللهَ عَزَّ وَجَلَّ يَنْزِلُ لَيْلَةَ النِّصْفِ مِنْ شَعْبَانَ إِلَى السَّمَاءِ الدُّنْيَا فَيَغْفِرُ لِأَكْثَرَ مِنْ عَدَدِ شَعَرِ غَنَمِ كَلْبٍ. وَفِي الْبَابِ عَنْ أَبِي بَكْرٍ الصِّدِّيقِ. حَدِيثُ عَائِشَةَ لَا نَعْرِفُهُ إِلَّا مِنْ هَذَا الْوَجْهِ مِنْ حَدِيثِ الْحَجَّاجِ، وَسَمِعْتُ مُحَمَّدًا يُضَعِّفُ هَذَا الْحَدِيثَ، وَقَالَ: يَحْيَى بْنُ أَبِي كَثِيرٍ لَمْ يَسْمَعْ مِنْ عُرْوَةَ، وَالْحَجَّاجُ بْنُ أَرْطَاةَ لَمْ يَسْمَعْ مِنْ يَحْيَى بْنِ أَبِي كَثِيرٍ.

English translation

740. Abū Hurairah narrated that the Messenger of Allāh ﷺ said: "The most virtuous fasting after the month of Ramaḍān is Allāh's month Al-Muḥarram." (Ṣaḥīḥ) Abū 'Eisā said: The Ḥadīth of Abū Hurairah is a Ḥasan Ḥadīth.

Arabic text

٧٤٠ - حَدَّثَنَا ‌قُتَيْبَةُ، قَالَ: حَدَّثَنَا ‌أَبُو عَوَانَةَ ، عَنْ ‌أَبِي بِشْرٍ ، عَنْ ‌حُمَيْدِ بْنِ عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ الْحِمْيَرِيِّ ، عَنْ ‌أَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ قَالَ: قَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ: «أَفْضَلُ الصِّيَامِ بَعْدَ شَهْرِ» رَمَضَانَ شَهْرُ اللهِ الْمُحَرَّمُ. حَدِيثُ أَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ حَدِيثٌ حَسَنٌ صَحِيحٌ.

English translation

741. An-Nu'mān bin Sa'd narrated: "A man asked 'Ali: 'Which month do you order me to fast after the month of Ramaḍān?' He said to him, 'I have not heard anyone ask about this except for a man whom I heard asking the Messenger of Allāh ﷺ while I was sitting with him. He said: "O Messenger of Allāh! Which month do you order me to fast after the month of Ramaḍān?" He said: "If you will fast after the month of Ramaḍān, then fast Al-Muḥarram, for indeed it is Allāh's month in which there is a day that Allāh accepted the repentance of a people, and in which He accepts the repentance of other people." (Da'if) Abū 'Eisā said: This Hadīth is Hasan Gharīb.

Arabic text

٧٤١ - حَدَّثَنَا ‌عَلِيُّ بْنُ حُجْرٍ، قَالَ: أَخْبَرَنَا ‌عَلِيُّ بْنُ مُسْهِرٍ ، عَنْ ‌عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ بْنِ إِسْحَاقَ ، عَنِ ‌النُّعْمَانِ بْنِ سَعْدٍ ، عَنْ ‌عَلِيٍّ قَالَ: «سَأَلَهُ رَجُلٌ» فَقَالَ: أَيُّ شَهْرٍ تَأْمُرُنِي أَنْ أَصُومَ بَعْدَ شَهْرِ رَمَضَانَ؟ قَالَ لَهُ: مَا سَمِعْتُ أَحَدًا يَسْأَلُ عَنْ هَذَا إِلَّا رَجُلًا سَمِعْتُهُ يَسْأَلُ رَسُولَ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ وَأَنَا قَاعِدٌ عِنْدَهُ، فَقَالَ: يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ، أَيُّ شَهْرٍ تَأْمُرُنِي أَنْ أَصُومَ بَعْدَ شَهْرِ رَمَضَانَ؟ قَالَ: إِنْ كُنْتَ صَائِمًا بَعْدَ شَهْرِ رَمَضَانَ فَصُمِ الْمُحَرَّمَ، فَإِنَّهُ شَهْرُ اللهِ، فِيهِ يَوْمٌ تَابَ فِيهِ عَلَى قَوْمٍ وَيَتُوبُ فِيهِ عَلَى قَوْمٍ آخَرِينَ. هَذَا حَدِيثٌ حَسَنٌ غَرِيبٌ.

English translation

742. 'Abdullāh narrated: "The Messenger of Allāh ﷺ would fast during the beginning of every month for three days, and Friday was the least of days that he did not fast.” (Hasan) (He said:) There are narrations on this topic from Ibn ‘Umar, and Abū Hurairah. Abū ‘Eisā said: The Hadīth of ‘Abdullāh is a Hasan Gharīb Hadīth. There are those among the people of knowledge who considered it recommended to fast on Friday, and that it is only disliked to fast Friday when one does not fast a day before it or after it. He said: Shu‘bah reported this Hadīth from ‘Āsim, and he did not report it in Marfū‘ form.

Arabic text

٧٤٢ - حَدَّثَنَا ‌الْقَاسِمُ بْنُ دِينَارٍ، قَالَ: حَدَّثَنَا ‌عُبَيْدُ اللهِ بْنُ مُوسَى ‌وَطَلْقُ بْنُ غَنَّامٍ عَنْ ‌شَيْبَانَ ، عَنْ ‌عَاصِمٍ ، عَنْ ‌زِرٍّ، عَنْ ‌عَبْدِ اللهِ قَالَ: «كَانَ رَسُولُ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ يَصُومُ مِنْ غُرَّةِ» كُلِّ شَهْرٍ ثَلَاثَةَ أَيَّامٍ، وَقَلَّمَا كَانَ يُفْطِرُ يَوْمَ الْجُمُعَةِ. وَفِي الْبَابِ عَنِ ابْنِ عُمَرَ وَأَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ. حَدِيثُ عَبْدِ اللهِ حَدِيثٌ حَسَنٌ غَرِيبٌ. وَقَدِ اسْتَحَبَّ قَوْمٌ مِنْ أَهْلِ الْعِلْمِ صِيَامَ يَوْمِ الْجُمُعَةِ، وَإِنَّمَا يُكْرَهُ أَنْ يَصُومَ يَوْمَ الْجُمُعَةِ لَا يَصُومُ قَبْلَهُ وَلَا بَعْدَهُ. وَرَوَى شُعْبَةُ عَنْ عَاصِمٍ هَذَا الْحَدِيثَ وَلَمْ يَرْفَعْهُ.

English translation

743. Abū Hurairah narrated that the Messenger of Allāh ﷺ said: “None of you should fast on Friday unless he fasts before it, or he fasts after it.” (Sahīh) (He said:) There are narrations on this topic from ‘Ali, Jābir, Junādah Al-Azdī, Juwairiyah, Anas, and ‘Abdullāh bin ‘Amr. Abū ‘Eisā said: The Hadīth of Abū Hurairah is a Hasan Sahīh Hadīth. This is acted upon according to the people of knowledge, they consider it disliked for a man to single out Friday with fasting by not fasting before it nor after it. This is the view of Aḥmad and Ishāq.

Arabic text

٧٤٣ - حَدَّثَنَا ‌هَنَّادٌ، قَالَ: حَدَّثَنَا ‌أَبُو مُعَاوِيَةَ ، عَنِ ‌الْأَعْمَشِ ، عَنْ ‌أَبِي صَالِحٍ، عَنْ ‌أَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ قَالَ: قَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ: «لَا يَصُومُ أَحَدُكُمْ يَوْمَ الْجُمُعَةِ إِلَّا أَنْ يَصُومَ قَبْلَهُ أَوْ يَصُومَ بَعْدَهُ». وَفِي الْبَابِ عَنْ عَلِيٍّ وَجَابِرٍ وَجُنَادَةَ الْأَزْدِيِّ وَجُوَيْرِيَةَ وَأَنَسٍ وَعَبْدِ اللهِ بْنِ عَمْرٍو. حَدِيثُ أَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ حَدِيثٌ حَسَنٌ صَحِيحٌ. وَالْعَمَلُ عَلَى هَذَا عِنْدَ أَهْلِ الْعِلْمِ؛ يَكْرَهُونَ لِلرَّجُلِ أَنْ يَخْتَصَّ يَوْمَ الْجُمُعَةِ بِصِيَامٍ لَا يَصُومُ قَبْلَهُ وَلَا بَعْدَهُ، وَبِهِ يَقُولُ أَحْمَدُ وَإِسْحَاقُ.

English translation

744. 'Abdullāh bin Busr narrated from his sister that the Messenger of Allāh said: "Do not fast on Saturday except for what has been made obligatory upon you (by Allāh). If one of you does not find but a grape peal or a tree's twig, then let him chew it." (Ḥasan) Abū 'Eisā said: This Hadīth is Ḥasan. The dislike here applies to when a man distinguishes Saturday by fasting it, because the Jews revere Saturday.

Arabic text

٧٤٤ - حَدَّثَنَا ‌حُمَيْدُ بْنُ مَسْعَدَةَ، قَالَ: حَدَّثَنَا ‌سُفْيَانُ بْنُ حَبِيبٍ ، عَنْ ‌ثَوْرِ بْنِ يَزِيدَ، عَنْ ‌خَالِدِ بْنِ مَعْدَانَ ، عَنْ ‌عَبْدِ اللهِ بْنِ بُسْرٍ ، عَنْ ‌أُخْتِهِ أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ قَالَ: «لَا تَصُومُوا يَوْمَ السَّبْتِ إِلَّا فِيمَا افْتَرَضَ اللهُ عَلَيْكُمْ»، فَإِنْ لَمْ يَجِدْ أَحَدُكُمْ إِلَّا لِحَاءَ عِنَبَةٍ أَوْ عُودَ شَجَرَةٍ فَلْيَمْضَغْهُ. هَذَا حَدِيثٌ حَسَنٌ. وَمَعْنَى كَرَاهَتِهِ فِي هَذَا أَنْ يَخُصَّ الرَّجُلُ يَوْمَ السَّبْتِ بِصِيَامٍ؛ لِأَنَّ الْيَهُودَ تُعَظِّمُ يَوْمَ السَّبْتِ.

English translation

745. Āishah narrated: "The Prophet ﷺ used to try to fast on Mondays and Thursdays." (Sahih) (He said:) There are narrations on this topic from Ĥafṣah, Abū Qatādah, (Abū Hurairah), and Usāmah bin Zaid. Abū 'Eisā said: The Ĥadīth of Āishah is a Ĥasan Gharīb Ĥadīth from this route.

Arabic text

٧٤٥ - حَدَّثَنَا ‌أَبُو حَفْصٍ عَمْرُو بْنُ عَلِيٍّ الْفَلَّاسُ، قَالَ: حَدَّثَنَا ‌عَبْدُ اللهِ بْنُ دَاوُدَ ، عَنْ ‌ثَوْرِ بْنِ يَزِيدَ، عَنْ ‌خَالِدِ بْنِ مَعْدَانَ ، عَنْ ‌رَبِيعَةَ الْجُرَشِيِّ ، عَنْ ‌عَائِشَةَ قَالَتْ: «كَانَ النَّبِيُّ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ يَتَحَرَّى» صَوْمَ الِاثْنَيْنِ وَالْخَمِيسِ. وَفِي الْبَابِ عَنْ حَفْصَةَ وَأَبِي قَتَادَةَ وَأَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ وَأُسَامَةَ بْنِ زَيْدٍ. حَدِيثُ عَائِشَةَ حَدِيثٌ حَسَنٌ غَرِيبٌ مِنْ هَذَا الْوَجْهِ.

English translation

746. Āishah narrated: "The Messenger of Allāh ﷺ would fast Saturdays, Sundays and Mondays in one month, and Tuesdays, Wednesdays and Thursdays in the next month." (Da'if) Abū 'Eisā said: This Ĥadīth is Ĥasan. Abdur-Raḥmān bin Mahdī narrated this Ĥadīth from Sufyān, and he did not narrate it in Marfū' form.

Arabic text

٧٤٦ - حَدَّثَنَا ‌مَحْمُودُ بْنُ غَيْلَانَ، قَالَ: حَدَّثَنَا ‌أَبُو أَحْمَدَ ‌وَمُعَاوِيَةُ بْنُ هِشَامٍ قَالَا: حَدَّثَنَا ‌سُفْيَانُ ، عَنْ ‌مَنْصُورٍ ، عَنْ ‌خَيْثَمَةَ ، عَنْ ‌عَائِشَةَ قَالَتْ: «كَانَ رَسُولُ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ يَصُومُ مِنَ الشَّهْرِ» السَّبْتَ وَالْأَحَدَ وَالِاثْنَيْنِ، وَمِنَ الشَّهْرِ الْآخَرِ الثُّلَاثَاءَ وَالْأَرْبِعَاءَ وَالْخَمِيسَ. هَذَا حَدِيثٌ حَسَنٌ وَرَوَى عَبْدُ الرَّحْمَنِ بْنُ مَهْدِيٍّ هَذَا الْحَدِيثَ عَنْ سُفْيَانَ وَلَمْ يَرْفَعْهُ.

English translation

747. Abū Hurairah narrated that the Messenger of Allāh ﷺ said: “The deeds are presented on Monday and Thursday, so I love that my deeds be presented while I am fasting.” (Hasan) Abū ‘Eisā said: The Hadīth of Abū Hurairah on this topic is a Hasan Gharīb Hadīth.

Arabic text

٧٤٧ - حَدَّثَنَا ‌مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَحْيَى، قَالَ: حَدَّثَنَا ‌أَبُو عَاصِمٍ ، عَنْ ‌مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ رِفَاعَةَ، عَنْ ‌سُهَيْلِ بْنِ أَبِي صَالِحٍ ، عَنْ ‌أَبِيهِ ، عَنْ ‌أَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ قَالَ: «تُعْرَضُ الْأَعْمَالُ يَوْمَ الِاثْنَيْنِ وَالْخَمِيسِ، فَأُحِبُّ أَنْ يُعْرَضَ عَمَلِي وَأَنَا صَائِمٌ». حَدِيثُ أَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ فِي هَذَا الْبَابِ حَدِيثٌ حَسَنٌ غَرِيبٌ.

English translation

748. ‘Ubaidullāh (bin Muslim) Al-Qurashī narrated from his father who said: “I asked – or; the Prophet ﷺ was asked – about fasting daily. So he said: ‘Your family has a right over you.’ Then he said: ‘Fast Ramaḍān and that which is after it, and, every Wednesday and Thursday. If you do that, then you will have fasted daily, as well as broken (the fast).’” (Da‘if) There is something on this topic from ‘Āishah. Abū ‘Eisā said: The Hadīth of Muslim Al-Qurashī is a Gharīb Hadīth. Some of them narrated it from Ḥarūn bin Salmān, from Muslim bin ‘Ubaidullāh, from his father.

Arabic text

٧٤٨ - حَدَّثَنَا ‌الْحُسَيْنُ بْنُ مُحَمَّدٍ الْجُرَيْرِيُّ ‌وَمُحَمَّدُ بْنُ مَدُّوَيْهِ، قَالَا: حَدَّثَنَا ‌عُبَيْدُ اللهِ بْنُ مُوسَى، قَالَ: أَخْبَرَنَا ‌هَارُونُ بْنُ سَلْمَانَ، عَنْ ‌عُبَيْدِ اللهِ بْنِ مُسْلِمٍ الْقُرَشِيِّ ، عَنْ ‌أَبِيهِ قَالَ: «سَأَلْتُ أَوْ سُئِلَ» رَسُولُ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ عَنْ صِيَامِ الدَّهْرِ، فَقَالَ: إِنَّ لِأَهْلِكَ عَلَيْكَ حَقًّا، صُمْ رَمَضَانَ وَالَّذِي يَلِيهِ، وَكُلَّ أَرْبِعَاءَ وَخَمِيسٍ، فَإِذَا أَنْتَ قَدْ صُمْتَ الدَّهْرَ وَأَفْطَرْتَ. وَفِي الْبَابِ عَنْ عَائِشَةَ. حَدِيثُ مُسْلِمٍ الْقُرَشِيِّ حَدِيثٌ غَرِيبٌ. وَرَوَى بَعْضُهُمْ عَنْ هَارُونَ بْنِ سَلْمَانَ عَنْ مُسْلِمِ بْنِ عُبَيْدِ اللهِ عَنْ أَبِيهِ.

English translation

749. Abū Qatādah narrated that the Prophet ﷺ said: "Fast the Day of 'Arafah, for indeed I anticipate that Allāh will forgive (the sins) of the year after it, and the year before it." (Ḍa'if) (He said:) There are narrations on this topic from Abū Sa'eed. Abū 'Eisā said: The Ḥadīth of Abū Qatādah is a Ḥasan Ḥadīth. The people of knowledge consider fasting recommended on the Day of 'Arafah, except while (the pilgrim) is at 'Arafāt.

Arabic text

٧٤٩ - حَدَّثَنَا ‌قُتَيْبَةُ ‌وَأَحْمَدُ بْنُ عَبْدَةَ الضَّبِّيُّ، قَالَا: حَدَّثَنَا ‌حَمَّادُ بْنُ زَيْدٍ ، عَنْ ‌غَيْلَانَ بْنِ جَرِيرٍ، عَنْ ‌عَبْدِ اللهِ بْنِ مَعْبَدٍ الزِّمَّانِيِّ ، عَنْ ‌أَبِي قَتَادَةَ أَنَّ النَّبِيَّ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ قَالَ: «صِيَامُ يَوْمِ عَرَفَةَ إِنِّي أَحْتَسِبُ عَلَى اللهِ أَنْ يُكَفِّرَ السَّنَةَ الَّتِي قَبْلَهُ وَالسَّنَةَ الَّتِي بَعْدَهُ». وَفِي الْبَابِ عَنْ أَبِي سَعِيدٍ. حَدِيثُ أَبِي قَتَادَةَ حَدِيثٌ حَسَنٌ. وَقْدِ اسْتَحَبَّ أَهْلُ الْعِلْمِ صِيَامَ يَوْمِ عَرَفَةَ إِلَّا بِعَرَفَةَ.

English translation

750. Ibn 'Abbās narrated: "The Prophet ﷺ broke (the fast) at 'Arafah, Umm Faḍl sent him some milk to drink." (Saḥīh) There are narrations on this topic from Abū Hurairah, Ibn 'Umar, and Umm Al-Faḍl. Abū 'Eisā said: The Hadīth of Ibn 'Abbās is a Hasan Saḥīh Hadīth. It has been reported that Ibn 'Umar said: "I performed Hajj with the Prophet ﷺ, and he did not fast it – that is, on the Day of 'Arafah – and with Abū Bakr, and he did not fast it, and with 'Umar, and he did not fast it, (and with 'Uthmān, and he did not fast it)." This is acted upon according to most of the people of knowledge, they consider it recommended to break one's fast at 'Arafāt so that one will have the strength to supplicate. Some of the people of knowledge fasted at 'Arafāt on the Day of 'Arafah.

Arabic text

٧٥٠ - حَدَّثَنَا ‌أَحْمَدُ بْنُ مَنِيعٍ، قَالَ: حَدَّثَنَا ‌إِسْمَاعِيلُ ابْنُ عُلَيَّةَ، قَالَ: حَدَّثَنَا ‌أَيُّوبُ ، عَنْ ‌عِكْرِمَةَ ، عَنِ ‌ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ «أَنَّ النَّبِيَّ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ أَفْطَرَ بِعَرَفَةَ،» وَأَرْسَلَتْ إِلَيْهِ أُمُّ الْفَضْلِ بِلَبَنٍ فَشَرِبَ. وَفِي الْبَابِ عَنْ أَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ وَابْنِ عُمَرَ وَأُمِّ الْفَضْلِ. حَدِيثُ ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ حَدِيثٌ حَسَنٌ صَحِيحٌ. وَقَدْ رُوِيَ عَنِ ابْنِ عُمَرَ قَالَ: حَجَجْتُ مَعَ النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ فَلَمْ يَصُمْهُ - يَعْنِي يَوْمَ عَرَفَةَ - وَمَعَ أَبِي بَكْرٍ فَلَمْ يَصُمْهُ، وَمَعَ عُمَرَ فَلَمْ يَصُمْهُ، وَمَعَ عُثْمَانَ فَلَمْ يَصُمْهُ. وَالْعَمَلُ عَلَى هَذَا عِنْدَ أَكْثَرِ أَهْلِ الْعِلْمِ؛ يَسْتَحِبُّونَ الْإِفْطَارَ بِعَرَفَةَ لِيَتَقَوَّى بِهِ الرَّجُلُ عَلَى الدُّعَاءِ، وَقَدْ صَامَ بَعْضُ أَهْلِ الْعِلْمِ يَوْمَ عَرَفَةَ بِعَرَفَةَ.

English translation

751. Ibn Abī Najīḥ narrated from his father who said: "Ibn 'Umar was asked about fasting (the Day of) 'Arafah (at 'Arafāt). He said: 'I performed Hajj with the Prophet ﷺ, and he did not fast it, and with Abū Bakr, and he did not fast it, and with ‘Umar, and he did not fast it, and with ‘Uthmān, and he did not fast it. I do not fast it, nor order it nor forbid it.” (Saḥih) Abū ‘Eisā said: This Hadīth is Ḥasan, Abū Najīh’s name is Yaṣār, and he heard from Ibn ‘Umar, and this Hadīth was also reported from Ibn Najīh from his father, from a man, from Ibn ‘Umar.

Arabic text

٧٥١ - حَدَّثَنَا ‌أَحْمَدُ بْنُ مَنِيعٍ ‌وَعَلِيُّ بْنُ حُجْرٍ، قَالَا: حَدَّثَنَا ‌سُفْيَانُ بْنُ عُيَيْنَةَ ‌وَإِسْمَاعِيلُ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ ، عَنِ ‌ابْنِ أَبِي نَجِيحٍ، عَنْ ‌أَبِيهِ قَالَ: «سُئِلَ ‌ابْنُ عُمَرَ عَنْ صَوْمِ يَوْمِ عَرَفَةَ بِعَرَفَةَ»، فَقَالَ: حَجَجْتُ مَعَ النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ فَلَمْ يَصُمْهُ، وَمَعَ أَبِي بَكْرٍ فَلَمْ يَصُمْهُ، وَمَعَ عُمَرَ فَلَمْ يَصُمْهُ، وَمَعَ عُثْمَانَ فَلَمْ يَصُمْهُ، وَأَنَا لَا أَصُومُهُ وَلَا آمُرُ بِهِ وَلَا أَنْهَى عَنْهُ. هَذَا حَدِيثٌ حَسَنٌ. وَقَدْ رُوِيَ هَذَا الْحَدِيثُ أَيْضًا عَنِ ابْنِ أَبِي نَجِيحٍ، عَنْ أَبِيهِ، عَنْ رَجُلٍ، عَنِ ابْنِ عُمَرَ، وَأَبُو نَجِيحٍ اسْمُهُ يَسَارٌ، قَدْ سَمِعَ مِنِ ابْنِ عُمَرَ.

English translation

752. Abū Qatādah narrated that the Prophet ﷺ said: “Fast the Day of ‘Ashūrā”, for indeed I anticipate that Allāh will forgive (the sins of) the year before it.” (Saḥih) There are narrations on this topic from ‘Alī, Muḥammad bin Saīfī, Salamah bin Al-Akwa’, Hind bin Asmā’, Ibn ‘Abbās, Ar-Rubayyī bint Mu‘awwidh bin ‘Afrā’, Abdur-Raḥmān bin Salamah Al-Khuzā‘ī from his uncle, and ‘Abdullāh bin Az-Zubair – they mentioned that the Prophet ﷺ encouraged fasting the Day of ‘Ashūrā. Abū 'Eisā said: We do not know of any narration in which he said that fasting the Day of 'Ashūrā' expiates (the sins of) a year, except for the narration of Abū Qatādah, and the Hadīth of Abū Qatādah is followed by Aḥmad and Ishāq.

Arabic text

٧٥٢ - حَدَّثَنَا ‌قُتَيْبَةُ ‌وَأَحْمَدُ بْنُ عَبْدَةَ الضَّبِّيُّ، قَالَا: حَدَّثَنَا ‌حَمَّادُ بْنُ زَيْدٍ ، عَنْ ‌غَيْلَانَ بْنِ جَرِيرٍ، عَنْ ‌عَبْدِ اللهِ بْنِ مَعْبَدٍ ، عَنْ ‌أَبِي قَتَادَةَ أَنَّ النَّبِيَّ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ قَالَ: «صِيَامُ يَوْمِ عَاشُورَاءَ إِنِّي أَحْتَسِبُ عَلَى اللهِ أَنْ يُكَفِّرَ السَّنَةَ الَّتِي قَبْلَهُ». وَفِي الْبَابِ عَنْ عَلِيٍّ وَمُحَمَّدِ بْنِ صَيْفِيٍّ وَسَلَمَةَ بْنِ الْأَكْوَعِ وَهِنْدِ بْنِ أَسْمَاءَ وَابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ وَالرُّبَيِّعِ بِنْتِ مُعَوِّذِ بْنِ عَفْرَاءَ وَعَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ بْنِ سَلَمَةَ الْخُزَاعِيِّ عَنْ عَمِّهِ وَعَبْدِ اللهِ بْنِ الزُّبَيْرِ، ذَكَرُوا عَنْ رَسُولِ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ أَنَّهُ حَثَّ عَلَى صِيَامِ يَوْمِ عَاشُورَاءَ. لَا نَعْلَمُ فِي شَيْءٍ مِنَ الرِّوَايَاتِ أَنَّهُ قَالَ: صِيَامُ يَوْمِ عَاشُورَاءَ كَفَّارَةُ سَنَةٍ، إِلَّا فِي حَدِيثِ أَبِي قَتَادَةَ. وَبِحَدِيثِ أَبِي قَتَادَةَ يَقُولُ أَحْمَدُ وَإِسْحَاقُ.

English translation

753. 'Aishah narrated: "'Ashūrā' was a day that the Quraish used to fast during Jāhiliyyah, and the Messenger of Allāh ﷺ used to fast it. When he arrived in Al-Madinah he fasted it, and he ordered the people to fast it. But when (the fast of) Ramaḍān became obligatory, the Ramaḍān was the required and 'Ashūrā' was left. So whoever wanted to, he fasted it, and whoever wanted to, he left it." (Saḥīḥ) There are narrations on this topic from Ibn Mas'ūd, Qais bin Sa'd, Jābir bin Samurah, Ibn 'Umar, and Mu'āwiyah. Abū 'Eisā said: The Ḥadīth of 'Aishah is acted upon according to the people of knowledge, and it is a Ṣaḥīḥ Ḥadīth. They do not consider fasting the Day of 'Āshūrā' required except for the one who desires to fast it due to the virtues that have been mentioned about it.

Arabic text

٧٥٣ - حَدَّثَنَا ‌هَارُونُ بْنُ إِسْحَاقَ الْهَمْدَانِيُّ، قَالَ: حَدَّثَنَا ‌عَبْدَةُ بْنُ سُلَيْمَانَ ، عَنْ ‌هِشَامِ بْنِ عُرْوَةَ، عَنْ ‌أَبِيهِ ، عَنْ ‌عَائِشَةَ قَالَتْ: «كَانَ عَاشُورَاءُ يَوْمًا تَصُومُهُ قُرَيْشٌ» فِي الْجَاهِلِيَّةِ، وَكَانَ رَسُولُ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ يَصُومُهُ، فَلَمَّا قَدِمَ الْمَدِينَةَ صَامَهُ وَأَمَرَ النَّاسَ بِصِيَامِهِ، فَلَمَّا افْتُرِضَ رَمَضَانُ كَانَ رَمَضَانُ هُوَ الْفَرِيضَةَ وَتَرَكَ عَاشُورَاءَ، فَمَنْ شَاءَ صَامَهُ وَمَنْ شَاءَ تَرَكَهُ. وَفِي الْبَابِ عَنِ ابْنِ مَسْعُودٍ وَقَيْسِ بْنِ سَعْدٍ وَجَابِرِ بْنِ سَمُرَةَ وَابْنِ عُمَرَ وَمُعَاوِيَةَ. وَالْعَمَلُ عِنْدَ أَهْلِ الْعِلْمِ عَلَى حَدِيثِ عَائِشَةَ، وَهُوَ حَدِيثٌ صَحِيحٌ؛ لَا يَرَوْنَ صِيَامَ يَوْمِ عَاشُورَاءَ وَاجِبًا إِلَّا مَنْ رَغِبَ فِي صِيَامِهِ لِمَا ذُكِرَ فِيهِ مِنَ الْفَضْلِ.

English translation

754. Al-Ḥakam bin Al-A'rfaṣaj said: "I met up with Ibn 'Abbās while he was reclining on his Ridā' at the Zamzam (well). So I said: 'Inform me about the Day of 'Āshūrā', on which day is it fasted?' He said: 'When you see the crescent of Al-Muḥarram, then count, then fast on the morning of the ninth day.'" He said: 'I said: Is this how Muḥammad ﷺ fasted it?' He said: 'Yes.'" (Ṣaḥīḥ)

Arabic text

٧٥٤ - حَدَّثَنَا ‌هَنَّادٌ ‌وَأَبُو كُرَيْبٍ، قَالَا: حَدَّثَنَا ‌وَكِيعٌ، عَنْ ‌حَاجِبِ بْنِ عُمَرَ ، عَنِ ‌الْحَكَمِ بْنِ الْأَعْرَجِ، قَالَ: «انْتَهَيْتُ إِلَى ‌ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ وَهُوَ مُتَوَسِّدٌ رِدَاءَهُ فِي زَمْزَمَ»، فَقُلْتُ: أَخْبِرْنِي عَنْ يَوْمِ عَاشُورَاءَ أَيُّ يَوْمٍ أَصُومُهُ؟ قَالَ: إِذَا رَأَيْتَ هِلَالَ الْمُحَرَّمِ فَاعْدُدْ، ثُمَّ أَصْبِحْ مِنَ التَّاسِعِ صَائِمًا، قَالَ: فَقُلْتُ: أَهَكَذَا كَانَ يَصُومُهُ مُحَمَّدٌ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ؟ قَالَ: نَعَمْ.

English translation

755. Ibn 'Abbās narrated: "The Messenger of Allāh ﷺ ordered fasting the tenth day for the Day of 'Āshūrā'." (Ḍa'if) Abū 'Eisā said: The Ḥadīth of Ibn 'Abbās is a Ḥasan Ṣaḥīḥ Ḥadīth. The people of knowledge differ over the Day of ‘Ashūrā, some of them said it is the ninth day, some of them said it is the tenth day. It has been reported that Ibn ‘Abbās said: “Fast the ninth and the tenth, and differ from the Jews.” Ash-Shāfi‘ī, Aḥmad and Ishāq followed this Ḥadīth.

Arabic text

٧٥٥ - حَدَّثَنَا ‌قُتَيْبَةُ، قَالَ: حَدَّثَنَا ‌عَبْدُ الْوَارِثِ ، عَنْ ‌يُونُسَ ، عَنِ ‌الْحَسَنِ ، عَنِ ‌ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ قَالَ: «أَمَرَ رَسُولُ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ بِصَوْمِ عَاشُورَاءَ يَوْمَ عَاشِرٍ». حَدِيثُ ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ حَسَنٌ صَحِيحٌ. وَاخْتَلَفَ أَهْلُ الْعِلْمِ فِي يَوْمِ عَاشُورَاءَ؛ فَقَالَ بَعْضُهُمْ: يَوْمُ التَّاسِعِ، وَقَالَ بَعْضُهُمْ: يَوْمُ الْعَاشِرِ. وَرُوِيَ عَنِ ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ أَنَّهُ قَالَ: صُومُوا التَّاسِعَ وَالْعَاشِرَ، وَخَالِفُوا الْيَهُودَ. وَبِهَذَا الْحَدِيثِ يَقُولُ الشَّافِعِيُّ وَأَحْمَدُ وَإِسْحَاقُ.

English translation

756. ‘Aishah narrated: “I did not see the Prophet ﷺ fasting at all during the ten.” (Saḥīh) Abū ‘Eisā said: This is how it was reported by more than one from Al-A’mash, from Ibrāhīm, from Al-Aswād, from ‘Aishah. Ath-Thawrī and others narrated this Ḥadīth from Manṣūr, from Ibrāhīm: “That the Prophet ﷺ was not seen fasting during the ten.” Abū Al-Aḥwaṣ reported it from Manṣūr, from Ibrāhīm, from ‘Aishah, and he did not mention Al-Aswād in it. So they disagree with Manṣūr in this Hadīth, and the narration of Al-A'mash is more correct and has a more connected chain. He said: I heard Abū Bakr Muḥammad bin Abān saying: "I heard Waki' saying: 'Al-A'mash has preserved the chain of Ibrāhīm better than Manšūr.'"

Arabic text

٧٥٦ - حَدَّثَنَا ‌هَنَّادٌ، قَالَ: حَدَّثَنَا ‌أَبُو مُعَاوِيَةَ ، عَنِ ‌الْأَعْمَشِ ، عَنْ ‌إِبْرَاهِيمَ، عَنِ ‌الْأَسْوَدِ ، عَنْ ‌عَائِشَةَ قَالَتْ: «مَا رَأَيْتُ النَّبِيَّ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ صَائِمًا فِي الْعَشْرِ قَطُّ». هَكَذَا رَوَى غَيْرُ وَاحِدٍ عَنِ الْأَعْمَشِ عَنْ إِبْرَاهِيمَ عَنِ الْأَسْوَدِ عَنْ عَائِشَةَ. وَرَوَى الثَّوْرِيُّ وَغَيْرُهُ هَذَا الْحَدِيثَ عَنْ مَنْصُورٍ عَنْ إِبْرَاهِيمَ أَنَّ النَّبِيَّ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ لَمْ يُرَ صَائِمًا فِي الْعَشْرِ. وَرَوَى أَبُو الْأَحْوَصِ عَنْ مَنْصُورٍ عَنْ إِبْرَاهِيمَ عَنْ عَائِشَةَ، وَلَمْ يَذْكُرْ فِيهِ: عَنِ الْأَسْوَدِ. وَقَدِ اخْتَلَفُوا عَلَى مَنْصُورٍ فِي هَذَا الْحَدِيثِ، وَرِوَايَةُ الْأَعْمَشِ أَصَحُّ وَأَوْصَلُ إِسْنَادًا. وَسَمِعْتُ مُحَمَّدَ بْنَ أَبَانَ يَقُولُ: سَمِعْتُ وَكِيعًا يَقُولُ: الْأَعْمَشُ أَحْفَظُ لِإِسْنَادِ إِبْرَاهِيمَ مِنْ مَنْصُورٍ.

English translation

757. Ibn 'Abbās narrated that the Messenger of Allāh ﷺ said: "There are no days in which righteous deeds are more beloved to Allāh than these ten days." They said: "O Messenger of Allāh! Not even Jihād in Allāh's Cause?" The Messenger of Allāh ﷺ said: "Not even Jihād in Allāh's Cause, unless a man were to go out with his self and his wealth and not return from that with anything." (Ṣaḥīḥ) There are narrations on this topic from Ibn 'Umar, Abū Hurairah, 'Abdullāh bin 'Amr, and Jābir. Abū 'Eisā said: The Hadīth of Ibn 'Abbās is a Ḥasan Gharīb Ṣaḥīḥ Hadīth.

Arabic text

٧٥٧ - حَدَّثَنَا ‌هَنَّادٌ، قَالَ: حَدَّثَنَا ‌أَبُو مُعَاوِيَةَ ، عَنِ ‌الْأَعْمَشِ ، عَنْ ‌مُسْلِمٍ - هُوَ الْبَطِينُ، وَهُوَ ابْنُ أَبِي عِمْرَانَ - عَنْ ‌سَعِيدِ بْنِ جُبَيْرٍ ، عَنِ ‌ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ قَالَ: قَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ: «مَا مِنْ أَيَّامٍ الْعَمَلُ الصَّالِحُ فِيهِنَّ أَحَبُّ إِلَى اللهِ مِنْ هَذِهِ الْأَيَّامِ الْعَشْرِ»، فَقَالُوا: يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ، وَلَا الْجِهَادُ فِي سَبِيلِ اللهِ؟ فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ: وَلَا الْجِهَادُ فِي سَبِيلِ اللهِ، إِلَّا رَجُلٌ خَرَجَ بِنَفْسِهِ وَمَالِهِ فَلَمْ يَرْجِعْ مِنْ ذَلِكَ بِشَيْءٍ. وَفِي الْبَابِ عَنِ ابْنِ عُمَرَ وَأَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ وَعَبْدِ اللهِ بْنِ عَمْرٍو وَجَابِرٍ. حَدِيثُ ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ حَدِيثٌ حَسَنٌ صَحِيحٌ غَرِيبٌ.

English translation

758. Abū Hurairah narrated that the Prophet ﷺ said: "There are no days more beloved to Allāh that He be worshipped in them than the ten of Dhul-Hijjah, fasting every day of them is the equivalent of fasting a year, and standing every night of them (in prayer) is the equivalent of standing on the Night of Qadr." (Da'if) Abū 'Eisā said: This Hadīth is Gharīb, we do not know of it except as a narration of Mas'ūd bin Wāṣil from An-Nahhās. (He said:) I asked Muḥammad about this Hadīth and he did not know of its like from other than this route. He said: Something about this has been reported from Qatādah, from Sa'eed bin Al-Musayyab, from the Prophet ﷺ in Mursal form. (Yahya bin Sa'eed has criticized Nahhās bin Qahm due to his weak memory.)

Arabic text

٧٥٨ - حَدَّثَنَا ‌أَبُو بَكْرِ بْنُ نَافِعٍ الْبَصْرِيُّ، قَالَ: حَدَّثَنَا ‌مَسْعُودُ بْنُ وَاصِلٍ ، عَنْ ‌نَهَّاسِ بْنِ قَهْمٍ، عَنْ ‌قَتَادَةَ ، عَنْ ‌سَعِيدِ بْنِ الْمُسَيِّبِ ، عَنْ ‌أَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ، عَنِ النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ قَالَ: «مَا مِنْ أَيَّامٍ أَحَبُّ إِلَى اللهِ أَنْ يُتَعَبَّدَ لَهُ فِيهَا مِنْ عَشْرِ ذِي الْحِجَّةِ»، يَعْدِلُ صِيَامُ كُلِّ يَوْمٍ مِنْهَا بِصِيَامِ سَنَةٍ، وَقِيَامُ كُلِّ لَيْلَةٍ مِنْهَا بِقِيَامِ لَيْلَةِ الْقَدْرِ. هَذَا حَدِيثٌ غَرِيبٌ لَا نَعْرِفُهُ إِلَّا مِنْ حَدِيثِ مَسْعُودِ بْنِ وَاصِلٍ عَنِ النَّهَّاسِ. وَسَأَلْتُ مُحَمَّدًا عَنْ هَذَا الْحَدِيثِ فَلَمْ يَعْرِفْهُ مِنْ غَيْرِ هَذَا الْوَجْهِ مِثْلَ هَذَا، وَقَدْ رُوِيَ عَنْ قَتَادَةَ عَنْ سَعِيدِ بْنِ الْمُسَيِّبِ عَنِ النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ مُرْسَلًا شَيْءٌ مِنْ هَذَا. وَقَدْ تَكَلَّمَ يَحْيَى بْنُ سَعِيدٍ فِي نَهَّاسِ بْنِ قَهْمٍ مِنْ قِبَلِ حِفْظِهِ.

English translation

759. Abū Ayyūb narrated that the Messenger of Allāh ﷺ said: "Whoever fasts Ramaḍān, then follows it with six from Shawwāl, then that is (equal in reward) to fasting every day." (Ṣaḥīḥ) There are narrations on this topic from Jābir, Abū Hurairah, and Thawbān. Abū 'Eisā said: The Hadīth of Abū Ayyūb is a Ḥasan Ṣaḥīḥ Hadīth. There are those people who consider fasting six (days) of Shawwāl recommended due to this Hadīth. Ibn Al-Mubārak said it is good to do, just like fasting three days of every month. Ibn Al-Mubārak said that it has been reported in some of the Aḥādīth: "This fast is connected to Ramaḍān." Ibn Al-Mubārak preferred that these six days be at the beginning of the month, and it has been reported that Ibn Al-Mubārak said that if one fasted six separate days of Shawwāl then it is acceptable. Abū 'Eisā said: (Two other chains from Sa'd bin Sa'eed for this Hadīth) and Sa'd bin Sa'eed is the brother of Yahya bin Sa'eed Al-Anṣārī. Sa'd bin Sa'eed has been criticized by some of the people of Hadīth due to his memory. (Another chain) that when fasting the six days of Shawwāl was mentioned before Al-Ḥasan Al-Baṣrī, he would say: "By Allāh! Allāh is more pleased with fasting this month, than the entire year.”

Arabic text

٧٥٩ - حَدَّثَنَا ‌أَحْمَدُ بْنُ مَنِيعٍ، قَالَ: حَدَّثَنَا ‌أَبُو مُعَاوِيَةَ، قَالَ: حَدَّثَنَا ‌سَعْدُ بْنُ سَعِيدٍ، عَنْ ‌عُمَرَ بْنِ ثَابِتٍ ، عَنْ ‌أَبِي أَيُّوبَ قَالَ: قَالَ النَّبِيُّ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ: «مَنْ صَامَ رَمَضَانَ ثُمَّ أَتْبَعَهُ سِتًّا مِنْ شَوَّالٍ فَذَلِكَ صِيَامُ الدَّهْرِ». وَفِي الْبَابِ عَنْ جَابِرٍ وَأَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ وَثَوْبَانَ. حَدِيثُ أَبِي أَيُّوبَ حَدِيثٌ حَسَنٌ صَحِيحٌ. وَقَدِ اسْتَحَبَّ قَوْمٌ صِيَامَ سِتَّةِ أَيَّامٍ مِنْ شَوَّالٍ بِهَذَا الْحَدِيثِ. قَالَ ابْنُ الْمُبَارَكِ: هُوَ حَسَنٌ، هُوَ مِثْلُ صِيَامِ ثَلَاثَةِ أَيَّامٍ مِنْ كُلِّ شَهْرٍ. قَالَ ابْنُ الْمُبَارَكِ: وَيُرْوَى فِي بَعْضِ الْحَدِيثِ: وَيُلْحَقُ هَذَا الصِّيَامُ بِرَمَضَانَ، وَاخْتَارَ ابْنُ الْمُبَارَكِ أَنْ تَكُونَ سِتَّةَ أَيَّامٍ فِي أَوَّلِ الشَّهْرِ. وَقَدْ رُوِيَ عَنِ ابْنِ الْمُبَارَكِ أَنَّهُ قَالَ: إِنْ صَامَ سِتَّةَ أَيَّامٍ مِنْ شَوَّالٍ مُتَفَرِّقًا فَهُوَ جَائِزٌ. وَقَدْ رَوَى عَبْدُ الْعَزِيزِ بْنُ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنْ صَفْوَانَ بْنِ سُلَيْمٍ وَسَعْدِ بْنِ سَعِيدٍ عَنْ عُمَرَ بْنِ ثَابِتٍ عَنْ أَبِي أَيُّوبَ عَنِ النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ هَذَا. وَرَوَى شُعْبَةُ عَنْ وَرْقَاءَ بْنِ عُمَرَ عَنْ سَعْدِ بْنِ سَعِيدٍ هَذَا الْحَدِيثَ، وَسَعْدُ بْنُ سَعِيدٍ هُوَ أَخُو يَحْيَى بْنِ سَعِيدٍ الْأَنْصَارِيِّ، وَقَدْ تَكَلَّمَ بَعْضُ أَهْلِ الْحَدِيثِ فِي سَعْدِ بْنِ سَعِيدٍ مِنْ قِبَلِ حِفْظِهِ. ٧٥٩ (م) - حَدَّثَنَا ‌هَنَّادٌ قَالَ: أَخْبَرَنَا ‌الْحُسَيْنُ بْنُ عَلِيٍّ الْجُعْفِيُّ ، عَنْ ‌إِسْرَائِيلَ أَبِي مُوسَى ، عَنِ ‌الْحَسَنِ الْبَصْرِيِّ قَالَ: «كَانَ إِذَا ذُكِرَ عِنْدَهُ صِيَامُ سِتَّةِ أَيَّامٍ مِنْ شَوَّالٍ فَيَقُولُ: وَاللهِ لَقَدْ رَضِيَ اللهُ بِصِيَامِ هَذَا الشَّهْرِ» عَنِ السَّنَةِ كُلِّهَا.

English translation

760. Abū Hurairah narrated: “The Messenger of Allāh ﷺ took a covenant from me for three: To not sleep except after performing Witr, to fast three days of every month, and to perform the Duḥa prayer.” (Hasan)

Arabic text

٧٦٠ - حَدَّثَنَا ‌قُتَيْبَةُ، قَالَ: حَدَّثَنَا ‌أَبُو عَوَانَةَ ، عَنْ ‌سِمَاكِ بْنِ حَرْبٍ، عَنْ ‌أَبِي الرَّبِيعِ ، عَنْ ‌أَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ قَالَ: «عَهِدَ إِلَيَّ النَّبِيُّ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ ثَلَاثَةً: أَنْ لَا أَنَامَ إِلَّا عَلَى وِتْرٍ»، وَصَوْمَ ثَلَاثَةِ أَيَّامٍ مِنْ كُلِّ شَهْرٍ، وَأَنْ أُصَلِّيَ الضُّحَى.

English translation

761. Abū Dharr narrated that the Messenger of Allāh ﷺ said: “O Abū Dharr! When you fast three days out of a month, then fast the thirteenth, fourteenth, and fifteenth.” (Hasan) There are narrations on this topic from Abū Qatādah, ‘Abdullāh bin ‘Amr, Qurrah bin Iyās Al-Muzanī, ‘Abdullāh bin Mas’ūd, Abū ‘Aqrab, Ibn ‘Abbās, ‘Aishah, Qatādah bin Milhān, ‘Uthmān bin Abī Al-‘Ās, and Jarīr. It has been reported in some Ahādīth that whoever fasts three days of every month, then it is as if he has fasted every day.

Arabic text

٧٦١ - حَدَّثَنَا ‌مَحْمُودُ بْنُ غَيْلَانَ، قَالَ: حَدَّثَنَا ‌أَبُو دَاوُدَ قَالَ: أَنْبَأَنَا ‌شُعْبَةُ ، عَنِ ‌الْأَعْمَشِ قَالَ: سَمِعْتُ ‌يَحْيَى بْنَ سَامٍ يُحَدِّثُ عَنْ ‌مُوسَى بْنِ طَلْحَةَ قَالَ: سَمِعْتُ ‌أَبَا ذَرٍّ يَقُولُ: قَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ: «يَا أَبَا ذَرٍّ،» إِذَا صُمْتَ مِنَ الشَّهْرِ ثَلَاثَةَ أَيَّامٍ فَصُمْ ثَلَاثَ عَشْرَةَ وَأَرْبَعَ عَشْرَةَ وَخَمْسَ عَشْرَةَ. وَفِي الْبَابِ عَنْ أَبِي قَتَادَةَ وَعَبْدِ اللهِ بْنِ عَمْرٍو وَقُرَّةَ بْنِ إِيَاسٍ الْمُزَنِيِّ وَعَبْدِ اللهِ بْنِ مَسْعُودٍ وَأَبِي عَقْرَبٍ وَابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ وَعَائِشَةَ وَقَتَادَةَ بْنِ مِلْحَانَ وَعُثْمَانَ بْنِ أَبِي الْعَاصِ وَجَرِيرٍ. حَدِيثُ أَبِي ذَرٍّ حَدِيثٌ حَسَنٌ. وَقَدْ رُوِيَ فِي بَعْضِ الْحَدِيثِ أَنَّ مَنْ صَامَ ثَلَاثَةَ أَيَّامٍ مِنْ كُلِّ شَهْرٍ كَانَ كَمَنْ صَامَ الدَّهْرَ.

English translation

762. Abū Dharr narrated: “The Messenger of Allāh ﷺ said: ‘Whoever fasts three days in every month, then that is (similar to) fasting every day.’ Then Allāh Mighty and Sublime is He, attested to that in His Book, by revealing: Whoever brings a good deed, shall have ten times the like thereof.[1] So a day is like ten.” (Da’if) Abū 'Eisā said: This Ḥadīth is Hasan (Ṣaḥīh) Abū 'Eisā said: Shu'bah has reported this Ḥadīth from Abū Shīmr and Abū At-Tayyāh, from Abū 'Uthmān, from Abū Hurairah, from the Prophet ﷺ.

Arabic text

٧٦٢ - حَدَّثَنَا ‌هَنَّادٌ، قَالَ: حَدَّثَنَا ‌أَبُو مُعَاوِيَةَ ، عَنْ ‌عَاصِمٍ الْأَحْوَلِ، عَنْ ‌أَبِي عُثْمَانَ النَّهْدِيِّ ، عَنْ ‌أَبِي ذَرٍّ قَالَ: قَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ: «مَنْ صَامَ مِنْ كُلِّ شَهْرٍ ثَلَاثَةَ أَيَّامٍ فَذَلِكَ صِيَامُ الدَّهْرِ»، فَأَنْزَلَ اللهُ عَزَّ وَجَلَّ تَصْدِيقَ ذَلِكَ فِي كِتَابِهِ: {مَنْ جَاءَ بِالْحَسَنَةِ فَلَهُ عَشْرُ أَمْثَالِهَا}، الْيَوْمُ بِعَشْرَةِ أَيَّامٍ. هَذَا حَدِيثٌ حَسَنٌ. وَقَدْ رَوَى شُعْبَةُ هَذَا الْحَدِيثَ عَنْ أَبِي شِمْرٍ وَأَبِي التَّيَّاحِ، عَنْ أَبِي عُثْمَانَ، عَنْ أَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ، عَنِ النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ.

English translation

763. Yazīd Ar-Rishk said: "I heard Mu'ādḥah saying to 'Aishah: 'Did the Messenger of Allāh ﷺ fast three days of every month?' She replied in the affirmative. So she said: 'Which of them would he fast?' She said: 'Which of them he would fast was not noticeable.'" (Ṣaḥīh) Abū 'Eisā said: This Ḥadīth is Hasan Ṣaḥīh. He said: Yazīd bin Ar-Rishk is Yazīd bin Aḏ-Ḍuba'ī, and he is Yazīd bin Al-Qāsim who is, Al-Qassām, Ar-Rishk means Al-Qassām (beauty) in the language of the people of Al-Baṣrah.

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٧٦٣ - حَدَّثَنَا ‌مَحْمُودُ بْنُ غَيْلَانَ، قَالَ: حَدَّثَنَا ‌أَبُو دَاوُدَ، قَالَ: أَخْبَرَنَا ‌شُعْبَةُ ، عَنْ ‌يَزِيدَ الرِّشْكِ قَالَ: سَمِعْتُ ‌مُعَاذَةَ قَالَتْ: «قُلْتُ ‌لِعَائِشَةَ : أَكَانَ رَسُولُ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ يَصُومُ ثَلَاثَةَ أَيَّامٍ مِنْ كُلِّ شَهْرٍ؟ قَالَتْ: نَعَمْ». قُلْتُ: مِنْ أَيِّهِ كَانَ يَصُومُ؟ قَالَتْ: كَانَ لَا يُبَالِي مِنْ أَيِّهِ صَامَ. هَذَا حَدِيثٌ حَسَنٌ صَحِيحٌ. وَيَزِيدُ الرِّشْكُ هُوَ يَزِيدُ الضُّبَعِيُّ، وَهُوَ يَزِيدُ الْقَاسِمُ، وَهُوَ الْقَسَّامُ، وَالرِّشْكُ هُوَ الْقَسَّامُ بِلُغَةِ أَهْلِ الْبَصْرَةِ.

English translation

764. Abū Hurairah narrated that the Messenger of Allāh ﷺ said: "Indeed your Lord said: 'Every good deed is rewarded with ten of the same up to seven hundred times over. Fasting is for Me, and I shall reward for it.’ Fasting is a shield from the Fire. The smell coming from the mouth of one fasting is more pleasant to Allāh than the scent of musk. If one of you is abused by an ignorant person while fasting, then let him say: ‘Indeed I am fasting.’” (Saḥīḥ) There are narrations on this topic from Mu’ādh bin Jabal, Saḥl bin [Sa’d], Ka’b bin ‘Ujrah, Salāmah bin Qaiṣar, Baṣhir bin Al-Khaṣāṣiyah, and Baṣhir’s name is Zaḥm bin Ma’bad, and Al-Khaṣāṣiyah is his mother. Abū ‘Eisā said: The Ḥadīth of Abū Hurairah is Ḥasan Gharīb from this route.

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٧٦٤ - حَدَّثَنَا ‌عِمْرَانُ بْنُ مُوسَى الْقَزَّازُ، قَالَ: حَدَّثَنَا ‌عَبْدُ الْوَارِثِ بْنُ سَعِيدٍ، قَالَ: حَدَّثَنَا ‌عَلِيُّ بْنُ زَيْدٍ، عَنْ ‌سَعِيدِ بْنِ الْمُسَيِّبِ ، عَنْ ‌أَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ قَالَ: قَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ: إِنَّ رَبَّكُمْ يَقُولُ: «كُلُّ حَسَنَةٍ بِعَشْرِ أَمْثَالِهَا إِلَى سَبْعِ مِئَةِ ضِعْفٍ»، وَالصَّوْمُ لِي وَأَنَا أَجْزِي بِهِ، وَالصَّوْمُ جُنَّةٌ مِنَ النَّارِ، وَلَخُلُوفُ فَمِ الصَّائِمِ أَطْيَبُ عِنْدَ اللهِ مِنْ رِيحِ الْمِسْكِ، وَإِنْ جَهِلَ عَلَى أَحَدِكُمْ جَاهِلٌ وَهُوَ صَائِمٌ فَلْيَقُلْ: إِنِّي صَائِمٌ. وَفِي الْبَابِ عَنْ مُعَاذِ بْنِ جَبَلٍ وَسَهْلِ بْنِ سَعْدٍ وَكَعْبِ بْنِ عُجْرَةَ وَسَلَامَةَ بْنِ قَيْصَرٍ وَبَشِيرِ ابْنِ الْخَصَاصِيَّةِ. وَاسْمُ بَشِيرٍ زَحْمُ بْنُ مَعْبَدٍ. وَالْخَصَاصِيَّةُ هِيَ أُمُّهُ. وَحَدِيثُ أَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ حَدِيثٌ حَسَنٌ غَرِيبٌ مِنْ هَذَا الْوَجْهِ.

English translation

765. Saḥl bin Sa’d narrated that the Prophet ﷺ said: “There is a gate in Paradise called Ar-Raiyyān, those who fast shall be invited into it, and whoever was among those who fasted, then he will enter it; and whoever enters it, he will never thirst again.” (Hasan)

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٧٦٥ - حَدَّثَنَا ‌مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ بَشَّارٍ، قَالَ: حَدَّثَنَا ‌أَبُو عَامِرٍ الْعَقَدِيُّ ، عَنْ ‌هِشَامِ بْنِ سَعْدٍ، عَنْ ‌أَبِي حَازِمٍ ، عَنْ ‌سَهْلِ بْنِ سَعْدٍ، عَنِ النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ قَالَ: «إِنَّ فِي الْجَنَّةِ لَبَابًا يُدْعَى الرَّيَّانَ»، يُدْعَى لَهُ الصَّائِمُونَ، فَمَنْ كَانَ مِنَ الصَّائِمِينَ دَخَلَهُ، وَمَنْ دَخَلَهُ لَمْ يَظْمَأْ أَبَدًا. هَذَا حَدِيثٌ حَسَنٌ صَحِيحٌ غَرِيبٌ.

English translation

766. Abū Hurairah narrated that the Messenger of Allāh said: “There are two joys for the fasting person: the joy when he breaks his fast, and the joy of when he meets his Lord.” (Ṣaḥīḥ) Abū ‘Eisā said: this Hadīth is Hasan Ṣaḥīḥ.

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٧٦٦ - حَدَّثَنَا ‌قُتَيْبَةُ، قَالَ: حَدَّثَنَا ‌عَبْدُ الْعَزِيزِ بْنُ مُحَمَّدٍ ، عَنْ ‌سُهَيْلِ بْنِ أَبِي صَالِحٍ ، عَنْ ‌أَبِيهِ ، عَنْ ‌أَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ قَالَ: قَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ: «لِلصَّائِمِ فَرْحَتَانِ؛ فَرْحَةٌ حِينَ يُفْطِرُ»، وَفَرْحَةٌ حِينَ يَلْقَى رَبَّهُ. وَهَذَا حَدِيثٌ حَسَنٌ صَحِيحٌ.

English translation

767. Abū Qatādah said: “It was said: ‘O Messenger of Allāh! What is the case of the one who fasts daily?’ He said: ‘He did not fast nor break (the fast).’” Or, he said: “He never fasted nor broke (his fast).” (Sahih) There are narrations on this topic from ‘Abdullah bin ‘Amr, ‘Abdullah bin Ash-Shikh-khir, ‘Imran bin Husain, and Abū Mūsā. Abū ‘Eisā said: The Hadith of Abū Qatādah is a Hasan Hadith. There are those among the people of knowledge who disliked fasting daily (and there are those others who permitted it). They said fasting daily is only disliked when he does not abstain from fasting on the Day of Fitr, the Day of Adhā, and the Days of Tashriq. So whoever abstains from fasting on these days then he has stayed away from the limit of what is disliked and he has not fasted every day. This was reported from Mālik bin Anas, and it is the view of Ash-Shāfi‘ī. Ahmad and Ishāq said similar, saying that it is not required for one to abstain from fasting except for these five days which were prohibited by the Messenger of Allāh ﷺ: the Day of Fitr, the Day of Adhā, and the Days of Tashriq.

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٧٦٧ - حَدَّثَنَا ‌قُتَيْبَةُ ‌وَأَحْمَدُ بْنُ عَبْدَةَ قَالَا: حَدَّثَنَا ‌حَمَّادُ بْنُ زَيْدٍ ، عَنْ ‌غَيْلَانَ بْنِ جَرِيرٍ، عَنْ ‌عَبْدِ اللهِ بْنِ مَعْبَدٍ ، عَنْ ‌أَبِي قَتَادَةَ قَالَ: «قِيلَ: يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ، كَيْفَ بِمَنْ صَامَ الدَّهْرَ؟ قَالَ: لَا صَامَ وَلَا أَفْطَرَ، أَوْ: لَمْ يَصُمْ وَلَمْ يُفْطِرْ». وَفِي الْبَابِ عَنْ عَبْدِ اللهِ بْنِ عَمْرٍو وَعَبْدِ اللهِ بْنِ الشِّخِّيرِ وَعِمْرَانَ بْنِ حُصَيْنٍ وَأَبِي مُوسَى. حَدِيثُ أَبِي قَتَادَةَ حَدِيثٌ حَسَنٌ. وَقَدْ كَرِهَ قَوْمٌ مِنْ أَهْلِ الْعِلْمِ صِيَامَ الدَّهْرِ، وَقَالُوا: إِنَّمَا يَكُونُ صِيَامُ الدَّهْرِ إِذَا لَمْ يُفْطِرْ يَوْمَ الْفِطْرِ وَيَوْمَ الْأَضْحَى وَأَيَّامَ التَّشْرِيقِ، فَمَنْ أَفْطَرَ هَذِهِ الْأَيَّامَ فَقَدْ خَرَجَ مِنْ حَدِّ الْكَرَاهِيَةِ وَلَا يَكُونُ قَدْ صَامَ الدَّهْرَ كُلَّهُ، هَكَذَا رُوِيَ عَنْ مَالِكِ بْنِ أَنَسٍ وَهُوَ قَوْلُ الشَّافِعِيِّ. وَقَالَ أَحْمَدُ وَإِسْحَاقُ نَحْوًا مِنْ هَذَا، وَقَالَا: لَا يَجِبُ أَنْ يُفْطِرَ أَيَّامًا غَيْرَ هَذِهِ الْخَمْسَةِ الْأَيَّامِ الَّتِي نَهَى رَسُولُ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ عَنْهَا: يَوْمِ الْفِطْرِ، وَيَوْمِ الْأَضْحَى، وَأَيَّامِ التَّشْرِيقِ.

English translation

767. ‘Abdullah bin Shaqiq narrated: “I asked ‘Aishah about the Prophet’s fasting.’ She said: ‘He would fast until we said: "He has fasted"[1] and he would abstain from fasting until we said: "He has abstained from fasting." (She said:) "The Messenger of Allāh ﷺ did not fast an entire month except for Ramaḍān."(Ṣaḥīḥ) There are narrations on this topic from Anas and Ibn 'Abbās. Abū 'Eisā said: The Hadīth of 'Ā'ishah is a Ḥasan Ṣaḥīḥ Hadīth.

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٧٦٨ - حَدَّثَنَا ‌قُتَيْبَةُ، قَالَ: حَدَّثَنَا ‌حَمَّادُ بْنُ زَيْدٍ ، عَنْ ‌أَيُّوبَ ، عَنْ ‌عَبْدِ اللهِ بْنِ شَقِيقٍ قَالَ: «سَأَلْتُ» ‌عَائِشَةَ ، عَنْ صِيَامِ النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ قَالَتْ: كَانَ يَصُومُ حَتَّى نَقُولَ قَدْ صَامَ، وَيُفْطِرُ حَتَّى نَقُولَ قَدْ أَفْطَرَ، قَالَتْ: وَمَا صَامَ رَسُولُ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ شَهْرًا كَامِلًا إِلَّا رَمَضَانَ. وَفِي الْبَابِ عَنْ أَنَسٍ وَابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ. حَدِيثُ عَائِشَةَ حَدِيثٌ حَسَنٌ صَحِيحٌ.

English translation

769. Ja'far bin Humaid narrated that Anas bin Mālik was asked about the Prophet's ﷺ fasting and he said: "He would fast during a month until we thought that he did not want to abstain from fasting during any of it. And, he would not fast during a month until we thought that he did not want to fast during any of it. (There was no time) that I wanted to see if he was performing Salāt during the night, except that I would see him praying, nor to see him sleeping, except that I would see him sleeping."(Ṣaḥīḥ) Abū 'Eisā said: This Hadīth is Ḥasan Ṣaḥīḥ.

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٧٦٩ - حَدَّثَنَا ‌عَلِيُّ بْنُ حُجْرٍ، قَالَ: حَدَّثَنَا ‌إِسْمَاعِيلُ بْنُ جَعْفَرٍ ، عَنْ ‌حُمَيْدٍ ، عَنْ ‌أَنَسِ بْنِ مَالِكٍ أَنَّهُ «سُئِلَ عَنْ صَوْمِ النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ قَالَ: كَانَ يَصُومُ مِنَ الشَّهْرِ» حَتَّى نَرَى أَنَّهُ لَا يُرِيدُ أَنْ يُفْطِرَ مِنْهُ، وَيُفْطِرُ حَتَّى نَرَى أَنَّهُ لَا يُرِيدُ أَنْ يَصُومَ مِنْهُ شَيْئًا، وَكُنْتَ لَا تَشَاءُ أَنْ تَرَاهُ مِنَ اللَّيْلِ مُصَلِّيًا إِلَّا رَأَيْتَهُ مُصَلِّيًا، وَلَا نَائِمًا إِلَّا رَأَيْتَهُ نَائِمًا. هَذَا حَدِيثٌ حَسَنٌ صَحِيحٌ.

English translation

770. 'Abdullāh bin 'Amr narrated that the Messenger of Allāh ﷺ said: "The most virtuous fast is the fast of my brother Dāwūd. He would fast a day, and not fast (the next) day. He would not flee at the time of engagement (with the enemy)." (Sahih) Abū 'Eisā said: This Hadīth is Hasan Sahīh. Abul-'Abbās (one of the narrators) is Ash-Shā'ir (the poet) (Al-Makkī), Al-A'mā (the blind), and his name is As-Sā'ib bin Farrūkh. Some of the people of knowledge said: The most virtuous fasting is that one fast one day, and not fast the next. And it is said that this is the most difficult type of fasting.

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٧٧٠ - حَدَّثَنَا ‌هَنَّادٌ، قَالَ: حَدَّثَنَا ‌وَكِيعٌ، عَنْ ‌مِسْعَرٍ ‌وَسُفْيَانَ ، عَنْ ‌حَبِيبِ بْنِ أَبِي ثَابِتٍ، عَنْ ‌أَبِي الْعَبَّاسِ ، عَنْ ‌عَبْدِ اللهِ بْنِ عَمْرٍو قَالَ: قَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ: «أَفْضَلُ الصَّوْمِ صَوْمُ أَخِي دَاوُدَ؛» كَانَ يَصُومُ يَوْمًا وَيُفْطِرُ يَوْمًا، وَلَا يَفِرُّ إِذَا لَاقَى. هَذَا حَدِيثٌ حَسَنٌ صَحِيحٌ. وَأَبُو الْعَبَّاسِ هُوَ الشَّاعِرُ الْمَكِّيُّ، وَاسْمُهُ السَّائِبُ بْنُ فَرُّوخَ. قَالَ بَعْضُ أَهْلِ الْعِلْمِ: أَفْضَلُ الصِّيَامِ أَنْ تَصُومَ يَوْمًا وَتُفْطِرَ يَوْمًا. وَيُقَالُ: هَذَا هُوَ أَشَدُّ الصِّيَامِ.

English translation

771. Abū 'Ubaid, the freed slave of ‘Abdur-Rahmān bin ‘Awf narrated: “I witnessed ‘Umar bin Al-Khaṭṭāb on the Day of Nahr beginning with the Ṣalāt before the Khuṭbah. Then he said: ‘I heard the Messenger of Allāh ﷺ prohibit fasting on these two days. As for the Day of Fitr, then it is for you to take a break from your fasting, and a celebration for the Muslims. As for the Day of Adhā, then eat from the flesh that you have sacrificed.” (Ṣaḥīḥ) Abū ‘Eisā said: This Ḥadīth is (Ḥasan) Ṣaḥīḥ. Abū ‘Ubaid, the freed slave of ‘Abdur-Rahmān bin ‘Awf – his name is Sa’d. They say that he is the freed slave of ‘Abdur-Rahmān bin Azhar as well. ‘Abdur-Rahmān bin Azhar is the son of the uncle of ‘Abdur-Rahmān bin ‘Awf.

Arabic text

٧٧١ - حَدَّثَنَا ‌مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ عَبْدِ الْمَلِكِ بْنِ أَبِي الشَّوَارِبِ، قَالَ: حَدَّثَنَا ‌يَزِيدُ بْنُ زُرَيْعٍ، قَالَ: حَدَّثَنَا ‌مَعْمَرٌ ، عَنِ ‌الزُّهْرِيِّ، عَنْ ‌أَبِي عُبَيْدٍ مَوْلَى عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ بْنِ عَوْفٍ قَالَ: «شَهِدْتُ» ‌عُمَرَ بْنَ الْخَطَّابِ فِي يَوْمِ النَّحْرِ بَدَأَ بِالصَّلَاةِ قَبْلَ الْخُطْبَةِ، ثُمَّ قَالَ: سَمِعْتُ رَسُولَ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ يَنْهَى عَنْ صَوْمِ هَذَيْنِ الْيَوْمَيْنِ، أَمَّا يَوْمُ الْفِطْرِ فَفِطْرُكُمْ مِنْ صَوْمِكُمْ وَعِيدٌ لِلْمُسْلِمِينَ، وَأَمَّا يَوْمُ الْأَضْحَى فَكُلُوا مِنْ لُحُومِ نُسُكِكُمْ. هَذَا حَدِيثٌ حَسَنٌ صَحِيحٌ. وَأَبُو عُبَيْدٍ مَوْلَى عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ بْنِ عَوْفٍ اسْمُهُ سَعْدٌ، وَيُقَالُ لَهُ: مَوْلَى عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ بْنِ أَزْهَرَ أَيْضًا، وَعَبْدُ الرَّحْمَنِ بْنُ أَزْهَرَ هُوَ ابْنُ عَمِّ عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ بْنِ عَوْفٍ.

English translation

772. Abū Sa‘eed Al-Khudrī narrated: “The Messenger of Allāh ﷺ prohibited two fasts: Fasting the Day of Adhā and the Day of Fitr.” (Ṣaḥīḥ) He said: There are narrations on this topic from ‘Umar, ‘Ali, ‘Aishah, Abū Hurairah, ‘Uqbah bin ‘Āmir, and Anas. Abū 'Eisā said: The Hadīth of Abū Sa'eed is a Hasan Ṣaḥīḥ Hadīth, and it is acted upon according to the people of knowledge. Abū 'Eisā said: 'Amr bin Yahya is Ibn 'Umārah bin Abī Al-Ḥasan Al-Māzinī Al-Madānī, and he is trustworthy, Sufyān Ath-Thawrī, Shu'bah, and Mālik bin Anas report from him.

Arabic text

٧٧٢ - حَدَّثَنَا ‌قُتَيْبَةُ، قَالَ: حَدَّثَنَا ‌عَبْدُ الْعَزِيزِ بْنُ مُحَمَّدٍ ، عَنْ ‌عَمْرِو بْنِ يَحْيَى، عَنْ ‌أَبِيهِ ، عَنْ ‌أَبِي سَعِيدٍ الْخُدْرِيِّ قَالَ: «نَهَى رَسُولُ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ عَنْ صِيَامَيْنِ؛ يَوْمِ الْأَضْحَى، وَيَوْمِ الْفِطْرِ». وَفِي الْبَابِ عَنْ عُمَرَ وَعَلِيٍّ وَعَائِشَةَ وَأَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ وَعُقْبَةَ بْنِ عَامِرٍ وَأَنَسٍ. حَدِيثُ أَبِي سَعِيدٍ حَدِيثٌ حَسَنٌ صَحِيحٌ. وَالْعَمَلُ عَلَيْهِ عِنْدَ أَهْلِ الْعِلْمِ. وَعَمْرُو بْنُ يَحْيَى هُوَ ابْنُ عُمَارَةَ بْنِ أَبِي الْحَسَنِ الْمَازِنِيُّ الْمَدِينِيُّ، وَهُوَ ثِقَةٌ، رَوَى لَهُ سُفْيَانُ الثَّوْرِيُّ وَشُعْبَةُ وَمَالِكُ بْنُ أَنَسٍ.

English translation

773. Uqbah bin 'Āmir narrated that the Messenger of Allāh ﷺ said: "The Day of 'Arafah, the Day of Nahr, and the Days of Tashrīq are 'Eid for us, the people of Islām, and they are days of eating and drinking." (Hasan) Abū 'Eisā said: There are narrations on this topic from 'Ali, Sa'd, Abū Hurairah, Jābir, Nubaishah, Bishr bin Suḥaim, 'Abdullāh bin Hudhāfah, Anas, Hamzah bin 'Amr Al-Aslami, Ka'b bin Mālik, 'Āishah, 'Amr bin Al-Ās, and 'Abdullāh bin 'Amr. Abū 'Eisā said: The Hadīth of Uqbah bin 'Āmir is a Hasan Ṣaḥīḥ Hadīth. This is acted upon according to the people of knowledge. They consider it disliked to fast on the Days of Tashrīq, except that there are those among the Companions of the Prophet ﷺ, and others, who permitted it in the case of the one performing (Hajj) Tamatu' – if he did not find a Hadī, and he did not fast during the ten (days) – then he can fast the Days of Tashrīq. This is the view of Mālik bin Anas, Ash-Shāfi'i, Ahmad, and Ishāq. Abū 'Eisā said: (Regarding one of the narrators:) The people of Al-'Irāq say: "Mūsā bin 'Ulayy bin Rabāh" while the people of Egypt say: "Mūsā bin 'Ali." He said: I heard Qutaibah saying: "I heard Al-Laith bin Sa'd saying: Mūsā bin 'Ali said: "No one has been given the liberty to pronounce my father's name in the diminutive."[1]

Arabic text

٧٧٣ - حَدَّثَنَا ‌هَنَّادٌ، قَالَ: حَدَّثَنَا ‌وَكِيعٌ، عَنْ ‌مُوسَى بْنِ عُلَيٍّ ، عَنْ ‌أَبِيهِ ، عَنْ ‌عُقْبَةَ بْنِ عَامِرٍ قَالَ: قَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ: «يَوْمُ عَرَفَةَ وَيَوْمُ النَّحْرِ وَأَيَّامُ التَّشْرِيقِ» عِيدُنَا أَهْلَ الْإِسْلَامِ، وَهِيَ أَيَّامُ أَكْلٍ وَشُرْبٍ. وَفِي الْبَابِ عَنْ عَلِيٍّ، وَسَعْدٍ، وَأَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ، وَجَابِرٍ، وَنُبَيْشَةَ، وَبِشْرِ بْنِ سُحَيْمٍ، وَعَبْدِ اللهِ بْنِ حُذَافَةَ، وَأَنَسٍ، وَحَمْزَةَ بْنِ عَمْرٍو الْأَسْلَمِيِّ، وَكَعْبِ بْنِ مَالِكٍ، وَعَائِشَةَ، وَعَمْرِو بْنِ الْعَاصِ، وَعَبْدِ اللهِ بْنِ عَمْرٍو. وَحَدِيثُ عُقْبَةَ بْنِ عَامِرٍ حَدِيثٌ حَسَنٌ صَحِيحٌ. وَالْعَمَلُ عَلَى هَذَا عِنْدَ أَهْلِ الْعِلْمِ؛ يَكْرَهُونَ الصِّيَامَ أَيَّامَ التَّشْرِيقِ، إِلَّا أَنَّ قَوْمًا مِنْ أَصْحَابِ النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ وَغَيْرِهِمْ رَخَّصُوا لِلْمُتَمَتِّعِ إِذَا لَمْ يَجِدْ هَدْيًا - وَلَمْ يَصُمْ فِي الْعَشْرِ- أَنْ يَصُومَ أَيَّامَ التَّشْرِيقِ، وَبِهِ يَقُولُ مَالِكُ بْنُ أَنَسٍ وَالشَّافِعِيُّ وَأَحْمَدُ وَإِسْحَاقُ. وَأَهْلُ الْعِرَاقِ يَقُولُونَ: مُوسَى بْنُ عُلَيٍّ، وَأَهْلُ مِصْرَ يَقُولُونَ: مُوسَى بْنُ عُلَيٍّ. سَمِعْتُ قُتَيْبَةَ يَقُولُ: سَمِعْتُ اللَّيْثَ بْنَ سَعْدٍ يَقُولُ: قَالَ مُوسَى بْنُ عُلَيٍّ: لَا أَجْعَلُ أَحَدًا فِي حِلٍّ صَغَّرَ اسْمَ أَبِي.

English translation

774. Rāfi' bin Khadīj narrated that the Prophet ﷺ said: "The cupper and the one cupped have broken the fast." (Sahīh) (Abū 'Eisā said:) There are narrations on this topic from Sa'd, 'Alī, Shaddād bin Aws, Thawbān, Usāmah bin Zaid, 'Aishah, Ma'qil bin Yasār – and they call him Ma'qil bin Sinān– Abū Hurairah, Ibn 'Abbās, Abū Mūsā, and Bilāl. (Abū 'Eisā said:) The Hadīth of Rāfi' bin Khadīj is a Hasan Sahīh Hadīth. It has been mentioned that Aḥmad bin Ḥanbal said: "The most correct thing on this topic is the Hadīth of Rāfi' bin Khadīj." And, it has been mentioned that 'Alī bin Abdullāh said: "The most correct thing on this topic is the Hadīth of Thawbān and Shaddād bin Aws, because Yaḥya bin Abī Kathīr reported both of those Aḥādīth, that of Thawbān, and that of Shaddād bin Aws." There are those people of knowledge among the Companions of the Prophet ﷺ, and others, who disliked cupping for the fasting person, such that some of the Companions of the Prophet ﷺ would be cupped during the night, among them are Abū Mūsā Al-Ash'arī and Ibn 'Umar. This is the view of Ibn Al-Mubārak. Abū 'Eisā said: I heard Ishāq bin Maṣ'ūd saying: "Abdur-Raḥmān bin Mahdī said: 'Whoever is cupped while he is fasting, then he has to make it up.'" Ishāq bin Maṣūr said: "Aḥmad bin Hanbal and Ishāq bin Ibrāhīm said this." Abū 'Eisā said: Al-Ḥasan bin Muḥammad Az-Za'frānī informed me: "Ash-Shāfīī said: 'It has been reported that the Prophet ﷺ would be cupped while he was fasting, and (it has been reported that) the Prophet ﷺ said: "The cupper and the one cupping have broken the fast." And I do not know of either of these two Aḥādīth being confirmed. If a man avoids cupping while he is fasting then that is preferred to me. If a man is cupped while he is fasting then I do not see that it breaks his fast." Abū 'Eisā said: This is the opinion of Ash-Shāfīī while he was in Baghdād, as for what he said in Egypt, he inclined to allowing it and he did not see any harm in cupping [for the fasting person], he argued that the Prophet ﷺ was cupped during the Farewell Hajj while he was a Muḥrim (in a state of Iḥrām) and he was fasting.

Arabic text

٧٧٤ - حَدَّثَنَا ‌مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ رَافِعٍ النَّيْسَابُورِيُّ ‌وَمَحْمُودُ بْنُ غَيْلَانَ ‌وَيَحْيَى بْنُ مُوسَى، قَالُوا: حَدَّثَنَا ‌عَبْدُ الرَّزَّاقِ ، عَنْ ‌مَعْمَرٍ ، عَنْ ‌يَحْيَى بْنِ أَبِي كَثِيرٍ ، عَنْ ‌إِبْرَاهِيمَ بْنِ عَبْدِ اللهِ بْنِ قَارِظٍ ، عَنِ ‌السَّائِبِ بْنِ يَزِيدَ ، عَنْ ‌رَافِعِ بْنِ خَدِيجٍ، عَنِ النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ قَالَ: «أَفْطَرَ» الْحَاجِمُ وَالْمَحْجُومُ. وَفِي الْبَابِ عَنْ عَلِيٍّ، وَسَعْدٍ، وَشَدَّادِ بْنِ أَوْسٍ، وَثَوْبَانَ، وَأُسَامَةَ بْنِ زَيْدٍ، وَعَائِشَةَ، وَمَعْقِلِ بْنِ سِنَانٍ - وَيُقَالُ: ابْنُ يَسَارٍ - وَأَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ، وَابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ، وَأَبِي مُوسَى، وَبِلَالٍ. وَحَدِيثُ رَافِعِ بْنِ خَدِيجٍ حَدِيثٌ حَسَنٌ صَحِيحٌ. وَذُكِرَ عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ حَنْبَلٍ أَنَّهُ قَالَ: أَصَحُّ شَيْءٍ فِي هَذَا الْبَابِ حَدِيثُ رَافِعِ بْنِ خَدِيجٍ. وَذُكِرَ عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ عَبْدِ اللهِ أَنَّهُ قَالَ: أَصَحُّ شَيْءٍ فِي هَذَا الْبَابِ حَدِيثُ ثَوْبَانَ وَشَدَّادِ بْنِ أَوْسٍ؛ لِأَنَّ يَحْيَى بْنَ أَبِي كَثِيرٍ رَوَى عَنْ أَبِي قِلَابَةَ الْحَدِيثَيْنِ جَمِيعًا: حَدِيثَ ثَوْبَانَ، وَحَدِيثَ شَدَّادِ بْنِ أَوْسٍ. وَقَدْ كَرِهَ قَوْمٌ مِنْ أَهْلِ الْعِلْمِ مِنْ أَصْحَابِ النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ وَغَيْرِهِمُ الْحِجَامَةَ لِلصَّائِمِ، حَتَّى أَنَّ بَعْضَ أَصْحَابِ النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ احْتَجَمَ بِاللَّيْلِ، مِنْهُمْ أَبُو مُوسَى الْأَشْعَرِيُّ وَابْنُ عُمَرَ، وَبِهَذَا يَقُولُ ابْنُ الْمُبَارَكِ. سَمِعْتُ إِسْحَاقَ بْنَ مَنْصُورٍ يَقُولُ: قَالَ عَبْدُ الرَّحْمَنِ بْنُ مَهْدِيٍّ: مَنِ احْتَجَمَ وَهُوَ صَائِمٌ فَعَلَيْهِ الْقَضَاءُ. قَالَ إِسْحَاقُ بْنُ مَنْصُورٍ: وَهَكَذَا قَالَ أَحْمَدُ وَإِسْحَاقُ. حَدَّثَنَا الزَّعْفَرَانِيُّ قَالَ: وَقَالَ الشَّافِعِيُّ: قَدْ رُوِيَ عَنِ النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ أَنَّهُ احْتَجَمَ وَهُوَ صَائِمٌ، وَرُوِيَ عَنِ النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ أَنَّهُ قَالَ: أَفْطَرَ الْحَاجِمُ وَالْمَحْجُومُ، وَلَا أَعْلَمُ وَاحِدًا مِنْ هَذَيْنِ الْحَدِيثَيْنِ ثَابِتًا، وَلَوْ تَوَقَّى رَجُلٌ الْحِجَامَةَ وَهُوَ صَائِمٌ كَانَ أَحَبَّ إِلَيَّ، وَلَوِ احْتَجَمَ صَائِمٌ لَمْ أَرَ ذَلِكَ أَنْ يُفْطِرَهُ. هَكَذَا كَانَ قَوْلُ الشَّافِعِيِّ بِبَغْدَادَ، وَأَمَّا بِمِصْرَ فَمَالَ إِلَى الرُّخْصَةِ، وَلَمْ يَرَ بِالْحِجَامَةِ لِلصَّائِمِ بَأْسًا، وَاحْتَجَّ بِأَنَّ النَّبِيَّ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ احْتَجَمَ فِي حَجَّةِ الْوَدَاعِ وَهُوَ مُحْرِمٌ صَائِمٌ.

English translation

775. Ibn 'Abbās narrated: "The Messenger of Allāh ﷺ was cupped while he was a fasting and in Iḥrām." (Saḥīḥ) Abū 'Eisā said: This Hadīth is Saḥīḥ. Wuhaib reported it similar to the narration of 'Abdul-Wārīḥ. Ismā'īl bin Ibrāhīm reported it from Ayyūb, from 'Ikrimah in Mursal form, he did not mention "from Ibn 'Abbās" in it.

Arabic text

٧٧٥ - حَدَّثَنَا ‌بِشْرُ بْنُ هِلَالٍ الْبَصْرِيُّ، قَالَ: حَدَّثَنَا ‌عَبْدُ الْوَارِثِ بْنُ سَعِيدٍ، قَالَ: حَدَّثَنَا ‌أَيُّوبُ ، عَنْ ‌عِكْرِمَةَ ، عَنِ ‌ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ قَالَ: «احْتَجَمَ رَسُولُ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ وَهُوَ مُحْرِمٌ صَائِمٌ». هَذَا حَدِيثٌ حَسَنٌ صَحِيحٌ. وَهَكَذَا رَوَى وُهَيْبٌ نَحْوَ رِوَايَةِ عَبْدِ الْوَارِثِ، وَرَوَى إِسْمَاعِيلُ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ عَنْ أَيُّوبَ عَنْ عِكْرِمَةَ مُرْسَلًا، وَلَمْ يَذْكُرْ فِيهِ: عَنِ ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ.

English translation

776. Ibn 'Abbās narrated: "The Prophet ﷺ was cupped while he was fasting." (Saḥīḥ) Abū 'Eisā said: This Hadīth is Ḥasan Gharīb from this route.

Arabic text

٧٧٦ - حَدَّثَنَا ‌أَبُو مُوسَى مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ الْمُثَنَّى، قَالَ: حَدَّثَنَا ‌مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ عَبْدِ اللهِ الْأَنْصَارِيُّ ، عَنْ ‌حَبِيبِ بْنِ الشَّهِيدِ ، عَنْ ‌مَيْمُونِ بْنِ مِهْرَانَ ، عَنِ ‌ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ «أَنَّ النَّبِيَّ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ احْتَجَمَ وَهُوَ صَائِمٌ». هَذَا حَدِيثٌ حَسَنٌ غَرِيبٌ مِنْ هَذَا الْوَجْهِ.

English translation

777. Ibn 'Abbās narrated: "The Prophet ﷺ was cupped somewhere between Makkah and Al-Madinah, and he was a fasting and in Iḥrām." (Da'if) (Abū 'Eisā said:) There are narrations on this topic from Abū Sa'eed, Jābir, and Anas. Abū 'Eisā said: The Hadīth of Ibn ‘Abbās is a Hasan Ṣaḥīḥ Ḥadīth. Some of the people of knowledge among the Companions of the Prophet ﷺ and others, followed this Ḥadīth, they did not see any harm in cupping for the fasting person. This is the view of Sufyān Ath-Thawrī, Mālik bin Anas, and Ash-Shāfi‘ī.

Arabic text

٧٧٧ - حَدَّثَنَا ‌أَحْمَدُ بْنُ مَنِيعٍ، قَالَ: حَدَّثَنَا ‌عَبْدُ اللهِ بْنُ إِدْرِيسَ ، عَنْ ‌يَزِيدَ بْنِ أَبِي زِيَادٍ، عَنْ ‌مِقْسَمٍ ، عَنِ ‌ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ «أَنَّ النَّبِيَّ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ احْتَجَمَ فِيمَا بَيْنَ مَكَّةَ» وَالْمَدِينَةِ وَهُوَ مُحْرِمٌ صَائِمٌ. وَفِي الْبَابِ عَنْ أَبِي سَعِيدٍ وَجَابِرٍ وَأَنَسٍ. حَدِيثُ ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ حَدِيثٌ حَسَنٌ صَحِيحٌ. وَقَدْ ذَهَبَ بَعْضُ أَهْلِ الْعِلْمِ مِنْ أَصْحَابِ النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ وَغَيْرِهِمْ إِلَى هَذَا الْحَدِيثِ، وَلَمْ يَرَوْا بِالْحِجَامَةِ لِلصَّائِمِ بَأْسًا. وَهُوَ قَوْلُ سُفْيَانَ الثَّوْرِيِّ وَمَالِكِ بْنِ أَنَسٍ وَالشَّافِعِيِّ.

English translation

778. Anas narrated that the Messenger of Allāh ﷺ said: "Do not perform Wiṣāl" They said: "But you perform Wiṣāl O Messenger of Allāh." He said: "I am not like you are, indeed my Lord feeds me and gives me to drink." (Ṣaḥīḥ) (He said:) There are narrations on this topic from ‘Ali, Abū Hurairah, ‘Aīshah, Ibn ‘Umar, Jābir, Abū Sa‘eed, and Bashīr bin Al-Khaṣāsiyyah. Abū ‘Eisā said: The Ḥadīth of Anas is a Hasan Ṣaḥīḥ Ḥadīth. This is acted upon according to some of the people of knowledge, they dislike Al-Wišāl fasting, and, it has been reported that ‘Abdullāh bin Az-Zubair would fast continuously for days without interruption.

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٧٧٨ - حَدَّثَنَا ‌نَصْرُ بْنُ عَلِيٍّ، قَالَ: حَدَّثَنَا ‌بِشْرُ بْنُ الْمُفَضَّلِ ‌وَخَالِدُ بْنُ الْحَارِثِ ، عَنْ ‌سَعِيدٍ ، عَنْ ‌قَتَادَةَ ، عَنْ ‌أَنَسٍ قَالَ: قَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ: «لَا تُوَاصِلُوا»! قَالُوا: فَإِنَّكَ تُوَاصِلُ يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ! قَالَ: إِنِّي لَسْتُ كَأَحَدِكُمْ، إِنَّ رَبِّي يُطْعِمُنِي وَيَسْقِينِي. وَفِي الْبَابِ عَنْ عَلِيٍّ وَأَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ وَعَائِشَةَ وَابْنِ عُمَرَ وَجَابِرٍ وَأَبِي سَعِيدٍ وَبَشِيرِ ابْنِ الْخَصَاصِيَّةِ. حَدِيثُ أَنَسٍ حَدِيثٌ حَسَنٌ صَحِيحٌ. وَالْعَمَلُ عَلَى هَذَا عِنْدَ أَهْلِ الْعِلْمِ؛ كَرِهُوا الْوِصَالَ فِي الصِّيَامِ. وَرُوِيَ عَنْ عَبْدِ اللهِ بْنِ الزُّبَيْرِ أَنَّهُ كَانَ يُوَاصِلُ الْأَيَّامَ وَلَا يُفْطِرُ.

English translation

779. Abū Bakr bin ‘Abdur-Rahmān bin Al-Ḥārīṭ bin Hishām said: “‘Aishah and Umm Salamah, the wives of the Prophet ﷺ informed me that the Prophet ﷺ would find that it was Fajr while he was Junub from (relations with) his wives, then he would perform Ghusl and fast.” (Ṣaḥīḥ) Abū ‘Eisā said: The Ḥadīth of ‘Aishah and Umm Salamah is a Hasan Ṣaḥīḥ Ḥadīth. This is acted upon according to most of the people of knowledge among the Companions of the Prophet ﷺ and others. It is the view of Sufyān, Ash-Shāfi'i, Aḥmad, and Ishāq. Some people among the Tābi'īn have said that when one awakens in the morning in a state of sexual impurity then he is to make up that day. But the first view is more correct.

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٧٧٩ - حَدَّثَنَا ‌قُتَيْبَةُ، قَالَ: حَدَّثَنَا ‌اللَّيْثُ، عَنِ ‌ابْنِ شِهَابٍ ، عَنْ ‌أَبِي بَكْرِ بْنِ عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ بْنِ الْحَارِثِ بْنِ هِشَامٍ قَالَ: أَخْبَرَتْنِي ‌عَائِشَةُ ‌وَأُمُّ سَلَمَةَ زَوْجَا النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ أَنَّ النَّبِيَّ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ «كَانَ يُدْرِكُهُ الْفَجْرُ وَهُوَ جُنُبٌ» مِنْ أَهْلِهِ ثُمَّ يَغْتَسِلُ فَيَصُومُ. حَدِيثُ عَائِشَةَ وَأُمِّ سَلَمَةَ حَدِيثٌ حَسَنٌ صَحِيحٌ. وَالْعَمَلُ عَلَى هَذَا عِنْدَ أَكْثَرِ أَهْلِ الْعِلْمِ مِنْ أَصْحَابِ النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ وَغَيْرِهِمْ، وَهُوَ قَوْلُ سُفْيَانَ وَالشَّافِعِيِّ وَأَحْمَدَ وَإِسْحَاقَ. وَقَدْ قَالَ قَوْمٌ مِنَ التَّابِعِينَ: إِذَا أَصْبَحَ جُنُبًا يَقْضِي ذَلِكَ الْيَوْمَ. وَالْقَوْلُ الْأَوَّلُ أَصَحُّ.

English translation

780. Abū Hurairah narrated that the Prophet ﷺ said: "When one of you is invited to eat then let him respond, if he is fasting then let him pray." Meaning: supplicate. (Sahih)

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٧٨٠ - حَدَّثَنَا ‌أَزْهَرُ بْنُ مَرْوَانَ الْبَصْرِيُّ، قَالَ: حَدَّثَنَا ‌مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ سَوَاءٍ، قَالَ: حَدَّثَنَا ‌سَعِيدُ بْنُ أَبِي عَرُوبَةَ ، عَنْ ‌أَيُّوبَ ، عَنْ ‌مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ سِيرِينَ ، عَنْ ‌أَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ، عَنِ النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ قَالَ: «إِذَا دُعِيَ أَحَدُكُمْ إِلَى طَعَامٍ فَلْيُجِبْ»، فَإِنْ كَانَ صَائِمًا فَلْيُصَلِّ - يَعْنِي الدُّعَاءَ.

English translation

781. Abū Hurairah narrated that the Prophet ﷺ said: "When one of you is invited (to a meal) and he is fasting, then let him say: 'Indeed I am fasting.'" (Sahih) Abū 'Eisā said: Both of these Aḥādīth from Abū Hurairah on this topic are Hasan Ṣaḥīh.

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٧٨١ - حَدَّثَنَا ‌نَصْرُ بْنُ عَلِيٍّ، قَالَ: حَدَّثَنَا ‌سُفْيَانُ بْنُ عُيَيْنَةَ ، عَنْ ‌أَبِي الزِّنَادِ ، عَنِ ‌الْأَعْرَجِ، عَنْ ‌أَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ، عَنِ النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ قَالَ: «إِذَا دُعِيَ أَحَدُكُمْ وَهُوَ صَائِمٌ» فَلْيَقُلْ: إِنِّي صَائِمٌ. وَكِلَا الْحَدِيثَيْنِ فِي هَذَا الْبَابِ عَنْ أَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ حَسَنٌ صَحِيحٌ.

English translation

782. Abū Hurairah narrated that the Prophet ﷺ said: "A woman may not fast a day – other than in the month of Ramaḍān – while her husband is present, except with his permission." (Ṣaḥīh) (He said:) There are narrations on this topic from Ibn 'Abbās and Abū Sa'eed. Abū 'Eisā said: The Ḥadīth of Abū Hurairah is a Hasan Ṣaḥīh Ḥadīth. This Ḥadīth has been reported from Abū Az-Zinād (one of the narrators), from Mūsā bin Abī 'Uthmān, from his father, from Abū Hurairah, from the Prophet ﷺ.

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٧٨٢ - حَدَّثَنَا ‌قُتَيْبَةُ ‌وَنَصْرُ بْنُ عَلِيٍّ قَالَا: حَدَّثَنَا ‌سُفْيَانُ بْنُ عُيَيْنَةَ ، عَنْ ‌أَبِي الزِّنَادِ ، عَنِ ‌الْأَعْرَجِ، عَنْ ‌أَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ، عَنِ النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ قَالَ: «لَا تَصُومُ الْمَرْأَةُ وَزَوْجُهَا شَاهِدٌ يَوْمًا مِنْ غَيْرِ شَهْرِ رَمَضَانَ إِلَّا بِإِذْنِهِ». وَفِي الْبَابِ عَنِ ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ وَأَبِي سَعِيدٍ. حَدِيثُ أَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ حَدِيثٌ حَسَنٌ. وَقَدْ رُوِيَ هَذَا الْحَدِيثُ عَنْ أَبِي الزِّنَادِ، عَنْ مُوسَى بْنِ أَبِي عُثْمَانَ، عَنْ أَبِيهِ، عَنْ أَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ، عَنِ النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ.

English translation

783. Āishah narrated: "I would not make up what was due upon me from Ramaḍān except in Sha'bān, until the Messenger of Allāh ﷺ died." (Hasan) Abū 'Eisā said: This Hadīth is Hasan Ṣaḥīḥ. (He said:) Similar to this was reported by Yahya bin Sa'eed Al-Anṣārī, from Abū Salamah, from Āishah.

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٧٨٣ - حَدَّثَنَا ‌قُتَيْبَةُ، قَالَ: حَدَّثَنَا ‌أَبُو عَوَانَةَ ، عَنْ ‌إِسْمَاعِيلَ السُّدِّيِّ، عَنْ ‌عَبْدِ اللهِ الْبَهِيِّ ، عَنْ ‌عَائِشَةَ قَالَتْ: «مَا كُنْتُ أَقْضِي مَا يَكُونُ عَلَيَّ مِنْ رَمَضَانَ إِلَّا فِي شَعْبَانَ»، حَتَّى تُوُفِّيَ رَسُولُ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ. هَذَا حَدِيثٌ حَسَنٌ صَحِيحٌ. وَقَدْ رَوَى يَحْيَى بْنُ سَعِيدٍ الْأَنْصَارِيُّ عَنْ أَبِي سَلَمَةَ عَنْ عَائِشَةَ نَحْوَ هَذَا.

English translation

784. Laila narrated from the one who freed her (Umm 'Amārah) that the Prophet ﷺ said: "When those who are not fasting eat in the presence of the fasting person, the angels send Salāt upon him." (Hasan) Abū 'Eisā said: Shu'bah narrated this Hadīth from Habib bin Zaid, from Laila, from his (Habib's) grandmother Umm 'Amārah, from the Prophet ﷺ, and it is similar.

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٧٨٤ - حَدَّثَنَا ‌عَلِيُّ بْنُ حُجْرٍ، قَالَ: أَخْبَرَنَا ‌شَرِيكٌ، عَنْ ‌حَبِيبِ بْنِ زَيْدٍ ، عَنْ ‌لَيْلَى ، عَنْ ‌مَوْلَاتِهَا، عَنِ النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ قَالَ: «الصَّائِمُ إِذَا أَكَلَ عِنْدَهُ الْمَفَاطِيرُ صَلَّتْ» عَلَيْهِ الْمَلَائِكَةُ. وَرَوَى شُعْبَةُ هَذَا الْحَدِيثَ عَنْ حَبِيبِ بْنِ زَيْدٍ، عَنْ لَيْلَى، عَنْ جَدَّتِهِ أُمِّ عُمَارَةَ، عَنِ النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ - نَحْوَهُ.

English translation

785. Ḥabīb bin Zaid said: "I heard a freed slave of ours called Laila narrating from [his (Ḥabīb's) grandmother] Umm 'Amārah bint Ka'b Al-Anṣārī, that the Prophet ﷺ entered upon her and some food was brought to him. He said: 'Eat.' She said: 'I am fasting.' So the Messenger of Allāh ﷺ said: 'Indeed the angels send Ṣalāt upon the fasting person when (others) eat in his presence, until they finish.' And perhaps he said: 'Until they have eaten their fill.'" (Hasan) Abū 'Eisā said: This Hadīth is Hasan Ṣaḥīḥ, and it is more correct than the (previous) narration of Sharīk.

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٧٨٥ - حَدَّثَنَا ‌مَحْمُودُ بْنُ غَيْلَانَ، قَالَ: حَدَّثَنَا ‌أَبُو دَاوُدَ، قَالَ: أَخْبَرَنَا ‌شُعْبَةُ ، عَنْ ‌حَبِيبِ بْنِ زَيْدٍ قَالَ: سَمِعْتُ مَوْلَاةً لَنَا يُقَالُ لَهَا ‌لَيْلَى تُحَدِّثُ عَنْ جَدَّتِهِ ‌أُمِّ عُمَارَةَ بِنْتِ كَعْبٍ الْأَنْصَارِيَّةِ «أَنَّ النَّبِيَّ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ دَخَلَ عَلَيْهَا فَقَدَّمَتْ إِلَيْهِ طَعَامًا، فَقَالَ: كُلِي! فَقَالَتْ: إِنِّي صَائِمَةٌ. فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ: إِنَّ الصَّائِمَ تُصَلِّي عَلَيْهِ الْمَلَائِكَةُ إِذَا أُكِلَ عِنْدَهُ حَتَّى يَفْرُغُوا. وَرُبَّمَا قَالَ: حَتَّى يَشْبَعُوا». هَذَا حَدِيثٌ حَسَنٌ صَحِيحٌ، وَهُوَ أَصَحُّ مِنْ حَدِيثِ شَرِيكٍ.

English translation

786. (Another chain) from Umm 'Amārah bint Ka'b Al-Anṣārī from the Prophet ﷺ, that is similar, except that he did not mention "Until they finish, or they have eaten their fill." (Hasan) Abū 'Eisā said: Umm 'Amārah is the grandmother of Ḥabīb bin Zaid Al-Anṣārī.

Arabic text

٧٨٦ - حَدَّثَنَا ‌مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ بَشَّارٍ، قَالَ: حَدَّثَنَا ‌مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ جَعْفَرٍ، قَالَ: حَدَّثَنَا ‌شُعْبَةُ ، عَنْ ‌حَبِيبِ بْنِ زَيْدٍ ، عَنْ مَوْلَاةٍ لَهُمْ يُقَالُ لَهَا ‌لَيْلَى ، عَنْ ‌أُمِّ عُمَارَةَ بِنْتِ كَعْبٍ، عَنِ النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ - نَحْوَهُ. وَلَمْ يَذْكُرْ فِيهِ: حَتَّى يَفْرُغُوا أَوْ يَشْبَعُوا. وَأُمُّ عُمَارَةَ هِيَ جَدَّةُ حَبِيبِ بْنِ زَيْدٍ الْأَنْصَارِيِّ.

English translation

787. 'Aishah narrated: "We would menstruate during the time of the Messenger of Allāh ﷺ, then when we became pure we were ordered to make up the fasts but we were not ordered to make up the Ṣalāt."(Hasan) Abū 'Eisā said: This Ḥadīth is Hasan. It has also been reported by Mu'ādḥah from 'Aishah. This is acted upon according to the people of knowledge, and we do not know of any disagreement among them; the menstruating woman makes up the fasts but she does not make up the Ṣalāt. Abū 'Eisā said: 'Ubaidah (one of the narrators) is Ibn Mu'attib Aḍ-Ḍabbī Al-Kūfī, his Kunyah is Abū 'Abdul-Karīm.

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٧٨٧ - حَدَّثَنَا ‌عَلِيُّ بْنُ حُجْرٍ، قَالَ: أَخْبَرَنَا ‌عَلِيُّ بْنُ مُسْهِرٍ ، عَنْ ‌عُبَيْدَةَ ، عَنْ ‌إِبْرَاهِيمَ، عَنِ ‌الْأَسْوَدِ ، عَنْ ‌عَائِشَةَ قَالَتْ: «كُنَّا نَحِيضُ عَلَى عَهْدِ رَسُولِ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ ثُمَّ نَطْهُرُ»، فَيَأْمُرُنَا بِقَضَاءِ الصِّيَامِ وَلَا يَأْمُرُنَا بِقَضَاءِ الصَّلَاةِ. هَذَا حَدِيثٌ حَسَنٌ. وَقَدْ رُوِيَ عَنْ مُعَاذَةَ عَنْ عَائِشَةَ أَيْضًا. وَالْعَمَلُ عَلَى هَذَا عِنْدَ أَهْلِ الْعِلْمِ لَا نَعْلَمُ بَيْنَهُمُ اخْتِلَافًا؛ أَنَّ الْحَائِضَ تَقْضِي الصِّيَامَ وَلَا تَقْضِي الصَّلَاةَ. وَعُبَيْدَةُ هُوَ ابْنُ مُعَتِّبٍ الضَّبِّيُّ الْكُوفِيُّ، يُكْنَى أَبَا عَبْدِ الْكَرِيمِ.

English translation

788. ‘Āsim bin Laqīṭ bin Ṣabrah narrated from his father who said: “I said, ‘O Messenger of Allāh! Inform me about Wudū’.” So he said: “Perform Wudū[1] well, and go between the fingers, and perform Istinshāq[2] extensively except when fasting.” (Ṣaḥīḥ) Abū ‘Eisā said: This Hadīth is Ḥasan Ṣaḥīḥ. The people of knowledge dislike sniffing (water) for the fasting person, and they consider that to break his fast, and in this Hadīth there is support for their saying.

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٧٨٨ - حَدَّثَنَا ‌عَبْدُ الْوَهَّابِ بْنُ عَبْدِ الْحَكَمِ الْوَرَّاقُ ‌وَأَبُو عَمَّارٍ الْحُسَيْنُ بْنُ حُرَيْثٍ قَالَا: حَدَّثَنَا ‌يَحْيَى بْنُ سُلَيْمٍ، قَالَ: حَدَّثَنِي ‌إِسْمَاعِيلُ بْنُ كَثِيرٍ قَالَ: سَمِعْتُ ‌عَاصِمَ بْنَ لَقِيطِ بْنِ صَبِرَةَ ، عَنْ ‌أَبِيهِ قَالَ: قُلْتُ: «يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ، أَخْبِرْنِي عَنِ الْوُضُوءِ! قَالَ: أَسْبِغِ الْوُضُوءَ، وَخَلِّلْ بَيْنَ الْأَصَابِعِ»، وَبَالِغْ فِي الِاسْتِنْشَاقِ إِلَّا أَنْ تَكُونَ صَائِمًا. هَذَا حَدِيثٌ حَسَنٌ صَحِيحٌ. وَقَدْ كَرِهَ أَهْلُ الْعِلْمِ السُّعُوطَ لِلصَّائِمِ، وَرَأَوْا أَنَّ ذَلِكَ يُفْطِرُهُ. وَفِي الْحَدِيثِ مَا يُقَوِّي قَوْلَهُمْ.

English translation

789. Āishah narrated that the Messenger of Allāh ﷺ said: "Whoever stays with a people, then he is not to fast without their permission." (Ḍa'if) Abū 'Eisā said: This Ḥadīth is Munkar (objectionable), we do not know any of the trustworthy narrators who narrated it from Hishām bin 'Urwah. Mūsā bin Dāwūd reported similar to this from Abū Bakr Al-Madānī, from Hishām bin 'Urwah, from his father, from Āishah, from the Prophet ﷺ. (Abū 'Eisā said:) This Ḥadīth is also weak. Abū Bakr is weak according to the scholars of Ḥadīth. (As for) Abū Bakr (Al-Madānī), the one who reports from Jābir bin 'Abdullāh; his name is Al-Faḍl bin Mubashshir, and he is more trustworthy than this one, and lived earlier.

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٧٨٩ - حَدَّثَنَا ‌بِشْرُ بْنُ مُعَاذٍ الْعَقَدِيُّ الْبَصْرِيُّ، قَالَ: حَدَّثَنَا ‌أَيُّوبُ بْنُ وَاقِدٍ الْكُوفِيُّ ، عَنْ ‌هِشَامِ بْنِ عُرْوَةَ ، عَنْ ‌أَبِيهِ ، عَنْ ‌عَائِشَةَ قَالَتْ: قَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ: «مَنْ نَزَلَ عَلَى قَوْمٍ فَلَا يَصُومَنَّ تَطَوُّعًا إِلَّا بِإِذْنِهِمْ». هَذَا حَدِيثٌ مُنْكَرٌ، لَا نَعْرِفُ أَحَدًا مِنَ الثِّقَاتِ رَوَى هَذَا الْحَدِيثَ عَنْ هِشَامِ بْنِ عُرْوَةَ. وَقَدْ رَوَى مُوسَى بْنُ دَاوُدَ عَنْ أَبِي بَكْرٍ الْمَدَنِيِّ عَنْ هِشَامِ بْنِ عُرْوَةَ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنْ عَائِشَةَ عَنِ النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ نَحْوًا مِنْ هَذَا. وَهَذَا حَدِيثٌ ضَعِيفٌ أَيْضًا، وَأَبُو بَكْرٍ ضَعِيفٌ عِنْدَ أَهْلِ الْحَدِيثِ، وَأَبُو بَكْرٍ الْمَدِينِيُّ الَّذِي رَوَى عَنْ جَابِرِ بْنِ عَبْدِ اللهِ اسْمُهُ الْفَضْلُ بْنُ مُبَشِّرٍ، وَهُوَ أَوْثَقُ مِنْ هَذَا وَأَقْدَمُ.

English translation

790. Abū Hurairah and Āishah narrated: "The Prophet ﷺ would perform I'tikāf during the last ten (days) of Ramaḍān until Allāh took him." (Ṣaḥīḥ) (He said:) There are narrations on this topic from Ubayy bin Ka'b, Abū Laila, Abū Sa'eed, Anas, and Ibn 'Umar. Abū 'Eisā said: The Hadīth of Abū Hurairah and 'Āishah is a Ḥasan Ṣaḥīḥ Hadīth.

Arabic text

٧٩٠ - حَدَّثَنَا ‌مَحْمُودُ بْنُ غَيْلَانَ، قَالَ: حَدَّثَنَا ‌عَبْدُ الرَّزَّاقِ، قَالَ: أَخْبَرَنَا ‌مَعْمَرٌ ، عَنِ ‌الزُّهْرِيِّ، عَنْ ‌سَعِيدِ بْنِ الْمُسَيِّبِ ، عَنْ ‌أَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ ‌وَعُرْوَةَ ، عَنْ ‌عَائِشَةَ أَنَّ النَّبِيَّ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ «كَانَ يَعْتَكِفُ الْعَشْرَ الْأَوَاخِرَ مِنْ رَمَضَانَ حَتَّى قَبَضَهُ اللهُ». وَفِي الْبَابِ عَنْ أُبَيِّ بْنِ كَعْبٍ وَأَبِي لَيْلَى وَأَبِي سَعِيدٍ وَأَنَسٍ وَابْنِ عُمَرَ. حَدِيثُ أَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ وَعَائِشَةَ حَدِيثٌ حَسَنٌ صَحِيحٌ.

English translation

791. 'Āishah narrated: "When the Messenger of Allāh ﷺ wanted to perform I'tikāf, he would perform the Fajr prayer and then he would enter his place of I'tikāf." (Ṣaḥīḥ) Abū 'Eisā said: This Hadīth was reported in Mursal form, by Yaḥya bin Sa'eed, from 'Amrah, from the Prophet ﷺ. Mālik and others reported it as a Mursal narration from Yaḥya bin Sa'eed (from 'Amrah). Al-Awzā'ī reported it from Sufyān Ath-Thawrī (and others) from Yaḥya bin Sa'eed, from 'Amrah, from 'Āishah. This Hadīth is acted upon according to some of the people of knowledge. They say when a man wants to perform I'tikāf he prays Fajr then he enters his place of I'tikāf. This is the view of Ahmad bin Hanbal and Ishāq bin Ibrāhīm. Some of them said that when he wants to perform I'tikāf, then when the sun sets on the night prior to the morning that he intends to begin his I'tikāf, he should be sitting in the place of his I'tikāf. This is the view of Sufyān Ath-Thawrī, and Mālik bin Anas.

Arabic text

٧٩١ - حَدَّثَنَا ‌هَنَّادٌ، قَالَ: حَدَّثَنَا ‌أَبُو مُعَاوِيَةَ ، عَنْ ‌يَحْيَى بْنِ سَعِيدٍ، عَنْ ‌عَمْرَةَ ، عَنْ ‌عَائِشَةَ قَالَتْ: «كَانَ رَسُولُ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ إِذَا أَرَادَ أَنْ يَعْتَكِفَ صَلَّى الْفَجْرَ ثُمَّ دَخَلَ فِي مُعْتَكَفِهِ». وَقَدْ رُوِيَ هَذَا الْحَدِيثُ عَنْ يَحْيَى بْنِ سَعِيدٍ عَنْ عَمْرَةَ عَنِ النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ مُرْسَلًا. رَوَاهُ مَالِكٌ وَغَيْرُ وَاحِدٍ عَنْ يَحْيَى بْنِ سَعِيدٍ عَنْ عَمْرَةَ مُرْسَلًا. وَرَوَاهُ الْأَوْزَاعِيُّ وَسُفْيَانُ الثَّوْرِيُّ وَغَيْرُ وَاحِدٍ عَنْ يَحْيَى بْنِ سَعِيدٍ عَنْ عَمْرَةَ عَنْ عَائِشَةَ. وَالْعَمَلُ عَلَى هَذَا الْحَدِيثِ عِنْدَ بَعْضِ أَهْلِ الْعِلْمِ؛ يَقُولُونَ: إِذَا أَرَادَ الرَّجُلُ أَنْ يَعْتَكِفَ صَلَّى الْفَجْرَ ثُمَّ دَخَلَ فِي مُعْتَكَفِهِ. وَهُوَ قَوْلُ أَحْمَدَ وَإِسْحَاقَ بْنِ إِبْرَاهِيمَ. وَقَالَ بَعْضُهُمْ: إِذَا أَرَادَ أَنْ يَعْتَكِفَ فَلْتَغِبْ لَهُ الشَّمْسُ مِنَ اللَّيْلَةِ الَّتِي يُرِيدُ أَنْ يَعْتَكِفَ فِيهَا مِنَ الْغَدِ وَقَدْ قَعَدَ فِي مُعْتَكَفِهِ. وَهُوَ قَوْلُ سُفْيَانَ الثَّوْرِيِّ وَمَالِكِ بْنِ أَنَسٍ.

English translation

792. 'Aishah narrated: "The Messenger of Allāh ﷺ would Yujāwir (stay in I'tikāf) during the last ten (nights) of Ramaḍān, and he said: 'Seek the Night of Al-Qadr during the last ten (nights) of Ramaḍān.'" (Ṣaḥīḥ) There are narrations on this topic from 'Umar, Ubayy bin Ka'b, Jābir bin Samurah, Jābir bin 'Abdullāh, Ibn 'Umar, Al-Falātān Ibn 'Ašim, Anas, Abū Sa'eed, 'Abdullāh bin Unais (Az-Zubairī), Abū Bakrah, Ibn 'Abbās, Bilāl, 'Ubādah bin Aš-Ṣāmiṭ. Abū 'Eisā said: The Hadīth of 'Aishah is a Ḥasan Ṣaḥīḥ Hadīth, and the statement: Yujāwir means to stay in I'tikāf. Most of the narrations from the Prophet ﷺ say: "Search (Iltamisū) for it during the last ten on every odd (night)." It has been reported from the Prophet ﷺ that the Night of Al-Qadr is the twenty-first night; the twenty-third night; and the twenty-fifth night; the twenty-seventh night; the twenty-ninth night; and that it is the last night of Ramaḍān. (Abū 'Eisā said:) Ash-Shāfī'ī said: "To me, and Allāh knows best, it is as if the Prophet ﷺ would be asked about as it is (now) asked about. It would be said to him: 'We search for it on this night.' So he would say: 'Search for it on this night.'" Ash-Shāfī'ī said: "The strongest narration to me is the one that mentions the twenty-first night." Abū 'Eisā said: It has been reported that Ubayy bin Ka'b would take an oath that it was the twenty-seventh night, and he said: "The Messenger of Allāh ﷺ informed us of its signs, so we counted and preserved it." (Sahih) And it has been reported that Abū Qilābah said: "The Night of Al-Qadr fluctuates between the last ten." 'Abd bin Humaid informed us of that; 'Abdur-Razzāq narrated to us from Ma'mar, from Ayyūb, from Abū Qilābah. (Sahih)

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٧٩٢ - حَدَّثَنَا ‌هَارُونُ بْنُ إِسْحَاقَ الْهَمْدَانِيُّ، قَالَ: حَدَّثَنَا ‌عَبْدَةُ بْنُ سُلَيْمَانَ ، عَنْ ‌هِشَامِ بْنِ عُرْوَةَ، عَنْ ‌أَبِيهِ ، عَنْ ‌عَائِشَةَ قَالَتْ: «كَانَ رَسُولُ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ يُجَاوِرُ» فِي الْعَشْرِ الْأَوَاخِرِ مِنْ رَمَضَانَ وَيَقُولُ: تَحَرَّوْا لَيْلَةَ الْقَدْرِ فِي الْعَشْرِ الْأَوَاخِرِ مِنْ رَمَضَانَ. وَفِي الْبَابِ عَنْ عُمَرَ وَأُبَيٍّ وَجَابِرِ بْنِ سَمُرَةَ وَجَابِرِ بْنِ عَبْدِ اللهِ وَابْنِ عُمَرَ وَالْفَلَتَانِ بْنِ عَاصِمٍ وَأَنَسٍ وَأَبِي سَعِيدٍ وَعَبْدِ اللهِ بْنِ أُنَيْسٍ وَأَبِي بَكْرَةَ وَابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ وَبِلَالٍ وَعُبَادَةَ بْنِ الصَّامِتِ. حَدِيثُ عَائِشَةَ حَدِيثٌ حَسَنٌ صَحِيحٌ. وَقَوْلُهَا يُجَاوِرُ يَعْنِي يَعْتَكِفُ، وَأَكْثَرُ الرِّوَايَاتِ عَنِ النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ أَنَّهُ قَالَ: الْتَمِسُوهَا فِي الْعَشْرِ الْأَوَاخِرِ فِي كُلِّ وِتْرٍ. وَرُوِيَ عَنِ النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ فِي لَيْلَةِ الْقَدْرِ أَنَّهَا لَيْلَةُ إِحْدَى وَعِشْرِينَ وَلَيْلَةُ ثَلَاثٍ وَعِشْرِينَ وَخَمْسٍ وَعِشْرِينَ وَسَبْعٍ وَعِشْرِينَ وَتِسْعٍ وَعِشْرِينَ وَآخِرُ لَيْلَةٍ مِنْ رَمَضَانَ. قَالَ الشَّافِعِيُّ: كَأَنَّ هَذَا عِنْدِي - وَاللهُ أَعْلَمُ - أَنَّ النَّبِيَّ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ كَانَ يُجِيبُ عَلَى نَحْوِ مَا يُسْأَلُ عَنْهُ، يُقَالُ لَهُ: نَلْتَمِسُهَا فِي لَيْلَةِ كَذَا؟ فَيَقُولُ: الْتَمِسُوهَا فِي لَيْلَةِ كَذَا. قَالَ الشَّافِعِيُّ: وَأَقْوَى الرِّوَايَاتِ عِنْدِي فِيهَا لَيْلَةُ إِحْدَى وَعِشْرِينَ. وَقَدْ رُوِيَ عَنْ أُبَيِّ بْنِ كَعْبٍ أَنَّهُ كَانَ يَحْلِفُ أَنَّهَا لَيْلَةُ سَبْعٍ وَعِشْرِينَ، وَيَقُولُ: أَخْبَرَنَا رَسُولُ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ بِعَلَامَتِهَا فَعَدَدْنَا وَحَفِظْنَا. ٧٩٢ (م) - وَرُوِيَ عَنْ ‌أَبِي قِلَابَةَ أَنَّهُ قَالَ: «لَيْلَةُ الْقَدْرِ تَنْتَقِلُ فِي الْعَشْرِ الْأَوَاخِرِ». حَدَّثَنَا بِذَلِكَ ‌عَبْدُ بْنُ حُمَيْدٍ ، قَالَ: أَخْبَرَنَا ‌عَبْدُ الرَّزَّاقِ ، عَنْ ‌مَعْمَرٍ ، عَنْ ‌أَيُّوبَ ، عَنْ أَبِي قِلَابَةَ بِهَذَا.

English translation

793. Zirr said: "I said to Ubayy bin Ka'b: 'O Abū Al-Mundhir! How do you know that it is the night of the twenty-seventh?' He said: 'Rather, the Messenger of Allāh ﷺ informed us that it is a night (after which) the sun rises without rays, so we counted and we remembered it. By Allāh! Ibn Mas'ūd learned that it is in Ramadān and that it is the night of the twenty-seventh, but he did not want to inform you lest you would depend on it.'" (Sahih) Abū 'Eisā said: This Hadith is Hasan Sahih.

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٧٩٣ - حَدَّثَنَا ‌وَاصِلُ بْنُ عَبْدِ الْأَعْلَى الْكُوفِيُّ، قَالَ: حَدَّثَنَا ‌أَبُو بَكْرٍ ، عَنْ ‌عَاصِمٍ ، عَنْ ‌زِرٍّ قَالَ: «قُلْتُ» ‌لِأُبَيِّ بْنِ كَعْبٍ: أَنَّى عَلِمْتَ أَبَا الْمُنْذِرِ أَنَّهَا لَيْلَةُ سَبْعٍ وَعِشْرِينَ؟ قَالَ: بَلَى، أَخْبَرَنَا رَسُولُ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ أَنَّهَا لَيْلَةٌ صَبِيحَتُهَا تَطْلُعُ الشَّمْسُ لَيْسَ لَهَا شُعَاعٌ، فَعَدَدْنَا وَحَفِظْنَا، وَاللهِ لَقَدْ عَلِمَ ابْنُ مَسْعُودٍ أَنَّهَا فِي رَمَضَانَ وَأَنَّهَا لَيْلَةُ سَبْعٍ وَعِشْرِينَ، وَلَكِنْ كَرِهَ أَنْ يُخْبِرَكُمْ فَتَتَّكِلُوا. هَذَا حَدِيثٌ حَسَنٌ صَحِيحٌ.

English translation

794. 'Uyainah bin 'Abdur-Rahmān narrated: "My father narrated to me: 'The Night of Al-Qadr was mentioned in the presence of Abū Bakrah, so he said: "I do not search for it due to something that I heard from the Messenger of Allāh ﷻ, except for during the last ten (nights); for indeed I heard him say: 'Search for it when nine remain, or; when seven remain, or; when five remain, or; during the last three nights.'" He ('Uyainah) said: "During the twenty (nights) of Ramaḍān, Abū Bakrah used to perform Salāt just as he performed Salāt during the rest of the year. But when the (last) ten began, he would struggle (performing more Salāt during the night)." (Ṣaḥīḥ) Abū 'Eisā said: This Hadīth is Ḥasan Ṣaḥīḥ.

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٧٩٤ - حَدَّثَنَا ‌حُمَيْدُ بْنُ مَسْعَدَةَ، قَالَ: حَدَّثَنَا ‌يَزِيدُ بْنُ زُرَيْعٍ، قَالَ: حَدَّثَنَا ‌عُيَيْنَةُ بْنُ عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ قَالَ: حَدَّثَنِي ‌أَبِي ، قَالَ: «ذَكَرْتُ لَيْلَةَ الْقَدْرِ عِنْدَ ‌أَبِي بَكْرَةَ فَقَالَ: مَا أَنَا مُلْتَمِسُهَا لِشَيْءٍ سَمِعْتُهُ مِنْ رَسُولِ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ إِلَّا فِي الْعَشْرِ الْأَوَاخِرِ، فَإِنِّي سَمِعْتُهُ يَقُولُ: الْتَمِسُوهَا فِي تِسْعٍ يَبْقَيْنَ، أَوْ فِي سَبْعٍ يَبْقَيْنَ»، أَوْ فِي خَمْسٍ يَبْقَيْنَ، أَوْ فِي ثَلَاثِ أَوَاخِرِ لَيْلَةٍ. وَكَانَ أَبُو بَكْرَةَ يُصَلِّي فِي الْعِشْرِينَ مِنْ رَمَضَانَ كَصَلَاتِهِ فِي سَائِرِ السَّنَةِ، فَإِذَا دَخَلَ الْعَشْرُ اجْتَهَدَ. هَذَا حَدِيثٌ حَسَنٌ صَحِيحٌ.

English translation

795. 'Alī narrated: "The Prophet ﷺ would awaken his family during the last ten (nights) of Ramaḍān." (Ṣaḥīḥ) Abū 'Eisā said: This Hadīth is Ḥasan Ṣaḥīḥ.

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٧٩٥ - حَدَّثَنَا ‌مَحْمُودُ بْنُ غَيْلَانَ، قَالَ: حَدَّثَنَا ‌وَكِيعٌ، قَالَ: حَدَّثَنَا ‌سُفْيَانُ ، عَنْ ‌أَبِي إِسْحَاقَ، عَنْ ‌هُبَيْرَةَ بْنِ يَرِيمَ ، عَنْ ‌عَلِيٍّ أَنَّ النَّبِيَّ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ «كَانَ يُوقِظُ أَهْلَهُ فِي الْعَشْرِ الْأَوَاخِرِ مِنْ رَمَضَانَ». هَذَا حَدِيثٌ حَسَنٌ صَحِيحٌ.

English translation

796. 'Āishah narrated: "The Messenger of Allāh ﷺ would struggle (to perform Salāt more) during the last ten (nights) more than he would struggle in the rest of it." (Ṣaḥīḥ) Abū 'Eisā said: This Hadīth is Hasan Gharīb.

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٧٩٦ - حَدَّثَنَا ‌قُتَيْبَةُ، قَالَ: حَدَّثَنَا ‌عَبْدُ الْوَاحِدِ بْنُ زِيَادٍ ، عَنِ ‌الْحَسَنِ بْنِ عُبَيْدِ اللهِ ، عَنْ ‌إِبْرَاهِيمَ، عَنِ ‌الْأَسْوَدِ ، عَنْ ‌عَائِشَةَ قَالَتْ: «كَانَ رَسُولُ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ يَجْتَهِدُ فِي الْعَشْرِ الْأَوَاخِرِ مَا لَا يَجْتَهِدُ فِي غَيْرِهَا». هَذَا حَدِيثٌ حَسَنٌ صَحِيحٌ غَرِيبٌ.

English translation

797. 'Āmir bin Mas'ūd narrated that the Prophet ﷺ said: "Fasting during the winter is an easy reward." (Da'if) Abū 'Eisā said: This Hadīth is Mursal, 'Āmir bin Mas'ūd did not see the Prophet ﷺ. He was the son of Ibrāhīm bin 'Āmir Al-Qurashī, the one that Shu'bah and Ath-Thawrī report from.

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٧٩٧ - حَدَّثَنَا ‌مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ بَشَّارٍ، قَالَ: حَدَّثَنَا ‌يَحْيَى بْنُ سَعِيدٍ، قَالَ: حَدَّثَنَا ‌سُفْيَانُ ، عَنْ ‌أَبِي إِسْحَاقَ، عَنْ ‌نُمَيْرِ بْنِ عَرِيبٍ ، عَنْ ‌عَامِرِ بْنِ مَسْعُودٍ، عَنِ النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ قَالَ: «الْغَنِيمَةُ» الْبَارِدَةُ الصَّوْمُ فِي الشِّتَاءِ. هَذَا حَدِيثٌ مُرْسَلٌ، عَامِرُ بْنُ مَسْعُودٍ لَمْ يُدْرِكِ النَّبِيَّ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ، وَهُوَ وَالِدُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ بْنِ عَامِرٍ الْقُرَشِيِّ الَّذِي رَوَى عَنْهُ شُعْبَةُ وَالثَّوْرِيُّ.

English translation

798. Salamah bin Al-Akwa' said: "When the following was revealed: 'And for those upon whom it is difficult, (they may) feed a poor person' – if one of us wanted to we would not fast, and pay the ransom, until the Āyah after it was revealed abrogating it."(Sahīh) Abū 'Eisā said: This Hadīth is Ḥasan Ṣahīh Gharīb. Yazid (one of the narrators) is Ibn Abī 'Ubaid, the freed slave of Salamah bin Al-Akwa'.

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٧٩٨ - حَدَّثَنَا ‌قُتَيْبَةُ، قَالَ: حَدَّثَنَا ‌بَكْرُ بْنُ مُضَرَ ، عَنْ ‌عَمْرِو بْنِ الْحَارِثِ، عَنْ ‌بُكَيْرِ بْنِ عَبْدِ اللهِ بْنِ الْأَشَجِّ ، عَنْ ‌يَزِيدَ مَوْلَى سَلَمَةَ بْنِ الْأَكْوَعِ، عَنْ ‌سَلَمَةَ بْنِ الْأَكْوَعِ قَالَ: «لَمَّا نَزَلَتْ: {وَعَلَى الَّذِينَ يُطِيقُونَهُ فِدْيَةٌ طَعَامُ مِسْكِينٍ} كَانَ مَنْ أَرَادَ مِنَّا أَنْ يُفْطِرَ وَيَفْتَدِيَ، حَتَّى نَزَلَتِ الْآيَةُ الَّتِي بَعْدَهَا فَنَسَخَتْهَا». هَذَا حَدِيثٌ حَسَنٌ صَحِيحٌ غَرِيبٌ. وَيَزِيدُ هُوَ ابْنُ أَبِي عُبَيْدٍ مَوْلَى سَلَمَةَ بْنِ الْأَكْوَعِ.

English translation

799. Muḥammad bin Ka'b narrated: "I went to Anas bin Mālik during Ramaḍān and he was about to travel. His mount was prepared for him, and he put on his traveling clothes, then he called for some food to eat, and I said to him: 'Is it Sunnah?' He said: 'It is Sunnah.' Then he rode." (Sahih)

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٧٩٩ - حَدَّثَنَا ‌قُتَيْبَةُ، قَالَ: حَدَّثَنَا ‌عَبْدُ اللهِ بْنُ جَعْفَرٍ ، عَنْ ‌زَيْدِ بْنِ أَسْلَمَ ، عَنْ ‌مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ الْمُنْكَدِرِ ، عَنْ ‌مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ كَعْبٍ أَنَّهُ قَالَ: «أَتَيْتُ ‌أَنَسَ بْنِ مَالِكٍ فِي رَمَضَانَ وَهُوَ يُرِيدُ سَفَرًا، وَقَدْ رُحِلَتْ لَهُ رَاحِلَتُهُ وَلَبِسَ ثِيَابَ السَّفَرِ»، فَدَعَا بِطَعَامٍ فَأَكَلَ، فَقُلْتُ لَهُ: سُنَّةٌ؟ قَالَ: سُنَّةٌ - ثُمَّ رَكِبَ.

English translation

800. (Another chain) from Muḥammad bin Ka'b who said: "I went to Anas bin Mālik during Ramaḍān" and he mentioned a similar narration (as no. 799). (Sahih) Abū 'Eisā said: This Hadīth is Hasan. Muḥammad bin Ja'far (one of the narrators) is Ibn Abī Kathīr, (he is) from Al-Madinah and trustworthy, and he is the brother of Ismā'īl bin Ja'far. 'Abdullāh bin Ja'far is Ibn Najīh the father of 'Alī bin Al-Madīnī, Yaḥya bin Ma'in graded him weak. Some of the people of knowledge followed this Hadīth, they said that the traveler breaks his fast at his home before he leaves, and he is not to shorten his Ṣalāt until he leaves beyond the walls of his city or village. This is the saying of Iṣḥāq bin Ibrāhīm (Al-Ḥanẓālī).

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٨٠٠ - حَدَّثَنَا ‌مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ إِسْمَاعِيلَ، قَالَ: حَدَّثَنَا ‌سَعِيدُ بْنُ أَبِي مَرْيَمَ، قَالَ: حَدَّثَنَا ‌مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ جَعْفَرٍ، قَالَ: حَدَّثَنِي ‌زَيْدُ بْنُ أَسْلَمَ، قَالَ: حَدَّثَنِي ‌مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ الْمُنْكَدِرِ، عَنْ ‌مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ كَعْبٍ قَالَ: «أَتَيْتُ ‌أَنَسَ بْنُ مَالِكٍ فِي رَمَضَانَ» - فَذَكَرَ نَحْوَهُ. هَذَا حَدِيثٌ حَسَنٌ. وَمُحَمَّدُ بْنُ جَعْفَرٍ هُوَ ابْنُ أَبِي كَثِيرٍ، هُوَ مَدِينِيٌّ ثِقَةٌ، وَهُوَ أَخُو إِسْمَاعِيلَ بْنِ جَعْفَرٍ، وَعَبْدُ اللهِ بْنُ جَعْفَرٍ هُوَ ابْنُ نَجِيحٍ وَالِدُ عَلِيِّ بْنِ عَبْدِ اللهِ الْمَدِينِيِّ، وَكَانَ يَحْيَى بْنُ مَعِينٍ يُضَعِّفُهُ. وَقَدْ ذَهَبَ بَعْضُ أَهْلِ الْعِلْمِ إِلَى هَذَا الْحَدِيثِ؛ وَقَالُوا: لِلْمُسَافِرِ أَنْ يُفْطِرَ فِي بَيْتِهِ قَبْلَ أَنْ يَخْرُجَ، وَلَيْسَ لَهُ أَنْ يَقْصُرَ الصَّلَاةَ حَتَّى يَخْرُجَ مِنْ جِدَارِ الْمَدِينَةِ أَوِ الْقَرْيَةِ. وَهُوَ قَوْلُ إِسْحَاقَ بْنِ إِبْرَاهِيمَ الْحَنْظَلِيِّ.

English translation

801. Al-Ḥasan bin ‘Alī narrated that the Messenger of Allāh ﷺ said: “The gift for the fasting person is (fragrant) oil and a censer.”[1] (Ḍa’īf) Abū ‘Eisā said: This Hadīth is Gharīb, its chain is not strong and we do not know of it except as a narration of Sa’d bin Ṭarīf. Sa’d (bin Ṭarīf) was graded weak, and they call (one of the narrators ‘Umair bin Ma’mūn) ‘Umair bin Ma’mūn as well.

Arabic text

٨٠١ - حَدَّثَنَا ‌أَحْمَدُ بْنُ مَنِيعٍ، قَالَ: حَدَّثَنَا ‌أَبُو مُعَاوِيَةَ ، عَنْ ‌سَعْدِ بْنِ طَرِيفٍ، عَنْ ‌عُمَيْرِ بْنِ مَأْمُونٍ ، عَنِ ‌الْحَسَنِ بْنِ عَلِيٍّ قَالَ: قَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ: «تُحْفَةُ» الصَّائِمِ الدُّهْنُ وَالْمِجْمَرُ. هَذَا حَدِيثٌ غَرِيبٌ، لَيْسَ إِسْنَادُهُ بِذَاكَ، لَا نَعْرِفُهُ إِلَّا مِنْ حَدِيثِ سَعْدِ بْنِ طَرِيفٍ، وَسَعْدُ بْنُ طَرِيفٍ يُضَعَّفُ، وَيُقَالُ عُمَيْرُ بْنُ مَأْمُومٍ أَيْضًا.

English translation

802. ‘Aishah narrated that the Messenger of Allāh ﷺ said: “Al-Fitr is the day that the people break the fast, and Al-Aḍhā is the day that the people sacrifice.” (Sahīh) Abū ‘Eisā said: I asked Muḥammad: “Did Muḥammad bin Al-Munkadir hear from ‘Aishah?” He said: “Yes, he said in his narration: ‘I heard ‘Aishah.’” Abū ‘Eisā said: This Hadīth is Ḥasan Gharīb Ṣahīh from this route.

Arabic text

٨٠٢ - حَدَّثَنَا ‌يَحْيَى بْنُ مُوسَى، قَالَ: حَدَّثَنَا ‌يَحْيَى بْنُ الْيَمَانِ ، عَنْ ‌مَعْمَرٍ ، عَنْ ‌مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ الْمُنْكَدِرِ ، عَنْ ‌عَائِشَةَ قَالَتْ: قَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ: «الْفِطْرُ يَوْمَ يُفْطِرُ النَّاسُ، وَالْأَضْحَى يَوْمَ يُضَحِّي النَّاسُ». سَأَلْتُ مُحَمَّدًا قُلْتُ لَهُ: مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ الْمُنْكَدِرِ سَمِعَ مِنْ عَائِشَةَ؟ قَالَ: نَعَمْ، يَقُولُ فِي حَدِيثِهِ: سَمِعْتُ عَائِشَةَ. هَذَا حَدِيثٌ حَسَنٌ غَرِيبٌ، صَحِيحٌ مِنْ هَذَا الْوَجْهِ.

English translation

803. Anas bin Mālik narrated: "The Prophet ﷺ would perform I'tikāf during the last ten (nights) of Ramaḍān. One year he did not perform I'tikāf, so he performed I'tikāf for twenty (nights) in the following year." (Sahīh) Abū 'Eisā said: This Hadīth is Ḥasan Gharīb Sahīh, as a narration of Anas (bin Mālik). The people of knowledge differ over the case of one who is performing I'tikāf and he severs his I'tikāf before completing what he intended. Some of the people of knowledge said that when he invalidates his I'tikāf then it is required for him to make it up. They argue using the Hadīth: "The Prophet ﷺ left his I'tikāf, so he performed I'tikāf during ten (nights) of Shawwāl." This is the view of Mālik. Some of them said: If he did not take a vow to perform I'tikāf, or something that would make it obligatory upon him, and it is voluntary and he leaves, then it is not required for him to make it up, otherwise it would be required from him by his own choice, not because it was obligatory upon him. This is the view of Ash-Shāfi‘ī. Ash-Shāfi‘ī said: "For every deed that you do not have to begin; if you do begin it, then leave it, then it is not required from you to make it up, except for Hajj and Umrah." And there is something narrated on this topic from Abū Hurairah.

Arabic text

٨٠٣ - حَدَّثَنَا ‌مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ بَشَّارٍ، قَالَ: حَدَّثَنَا ‌ابْنُ أَبِي عَدِيٍّ قَالَ: أَنْبَأَنَا ‌حُمَيْدٌ الطَّوِيلُ، عَنْ ‌أَنَسِ بْنِ مَالِكٍ قَالَ: «كَانَ النَّبِيُّ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ يَعْتَكِفُ فِي الْعَشْرِ الْأَوَاخِرِ مِنْ رَمَضَانَ»، فَلَمْ يَعْتَكِفْ عَامًا، فَلَمَّا كَانَ فِي الْعَامِ الْمُقْبِلِ اعْتَكَفَ عِشْرِينَ. هَذَا حَدِيثٌ حَسَنٌ صَحِيحٌ غَرِيبٌ مِنْ حَدِيثِ أَنَسِ بْنِ مَالِكٍ. وَاخْتَلَفَ أَهْلُ الْعِلْمِ فِي الْمُعْتَكِفِ إِذَا قَطَعَ اعْتِكَافَهُ قَبْلَ أَنْ يُتِمَّهُ عَلَى مَا نَوَى؛ فَقَالَ بَعْضُ أَهْلِ الْعِلْمِ: إِذَا نَقَضَ اعْتِكَافَهُ وَجَبَ عَلَيْهِ الْقَضَاءُ، وَاحْتَجُّوا بِالْحَدِيثِ أَنَّ النَّبِيَّ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ خَرَجَ مِنَ اعْتِكَافِهِ فَاعْتَكَفَ عَشْرًا مِنْ شَوَّالٍ، وَهُوَ قَوْلُ مَالِكٍ. وَقَالَ بَعْضُهُمْ: إِنْ لَمْ يَكُنْ عَلَيْهِ نَذْرُ اعْتِكَافٍ أَوْ شَيْءٌ أَوْجَبَهُ عَلَى نَفْسِهِ وَكَانَ مُتَطَوِّعًا فَخَرَجَ فَلَيْسَ عَلَيْهِ أَنْ يَقْضِيَ إِلَّا أَنْ يُحِبَّ ذَلِكَ اخْتِيَارًا مِنْهُ، وَلَا يَجِبُ ذَلِكَ عَلَيْهِ. وَهُوَ قَوْلُ الشَّافِعِيِّ. قَالَ الشَّافِعِيُّ: فَكُلُّ عَمَلٍ لَكَ أَنْ لَا تَدْخُلَ فِيهِ، فَإِذَا دَخَلْتَ فِيهِ فَخَرَجْتَ مِنْهُ فَلَيْسَ عَلَيْكَ أَنْ تَقْضِيَ إِلَّا الْحَجَّ وَالْعُمْرَةَ. وَفِي الْبَابِ عَنْ أَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ.

English translation

804. Āishah narrated: "When the Messenger of Allāh ﷺ performed I'tikāf, he would bring his head near me so I could comb it, and he would not enter the house except for some personal needs." (Saḥīh) Abū Eīsā said: This Hadīth is Ḥasan Saḥīh. This is how it was reported by others from Mālik bin Anas, from Ibn Shihāb, [from 'Urwah, and 'Amrah, from 'Āishah. Some of them reported it from Mālik, from Ibn Shihāb], from 'Urwah, from 'Amrah, from 'Āishah. What is correct is from 'Urwah and 'Amrah from 'Āishah. This is how it was reported by Al-Laith bin Sa'd from Ibn Shihab, from 'Urwah and 'Amrah, from 'Aishah.

Arabic text

٨٠٤ - حَدَّثَنَا ‌أَبُو مُصْعَبٍ الْمَدَنِيُّ قِرَاءَةً عَنْ ‌مَالِكِ بْنِ أَنَسٍ ، عَنِ ‌ابْنِ شِهَابٍ ، عَنْ ‌عُرْوَةَ ‌وَعَمْرَةَ، عَنْ ‌عَائِشَةَ أَنَّهَا قَالَتْ: «كَانَ رَسُولُ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ إِذَا اعْتَكَفَ أَدْنَى إِلَيَّ رَأْسَهُ فَأُرَجِّلُهُ»، وَكَانَ لَا يَدْخُلُ الْبَيْتَ إِلَّا لِحَاجَةِ (١) الْإِنْسَانِ. هَذَا حَدِيثٌ حَسَنٌ صَحِيحٌ. هَكَذَا رَوَاهُ غَيْرُ وَاحِدٍ عَنْ مَالِكٍ عَنِ ابْنِ شِهَابٍ عَنْ عُرْوَةَ وَعَمْرَةَ عَنْ عَائِشَةَ، وَرَوَاهُ بَعْضُهُمْ عَنْ مَالِكٍ عَنِ ابْنِ شِهَابٍ عَنْ عُرْوَةَ عَنْ عَمْرَةَ عَنْ عَائِشَةَ. وَالصَّحِيحُ عَنْ عُرْوَةَ وَعَمْرَةَ عَنْ عَائِشَةَ.

English translation

805. That was narrated to us by Qutaibah from Al-Laith (a similar narration as no. 804) (Sahih) This is acted upon according to the people of knowledge. When a man performs Al-I'tikaf, he is not to leave his I'tikaf except for some personal needs. They agree upon this: He goes out to relieve himself from defecation and urination. Then the people of knowledge differ about visiting the sick, attending the Friday prayer, and the funeral for the person performing I'tikaf. Some of the people of knowledge among the Companions of the Prophet ﷺ, and others, held the view that he may visit the sick, follow the funeral and attend the Friday prayer as long as he made that a condition (before entering the state of I'tikaf). This is the view of Sufyan Ath-Thawri and Ibn Al-Mubarak. Some of them said that he can not do any of that, and they thought that if a person is in a land where the Friday prayer is held, then he is not to perform I'tikaf except in the Friday prayer Masjid, because they consider it disliked for him to leave his place of I'tikāf to go to the Friday prayer. They do not think that he should miss the Friday prayer, so they said that one is not to perform I'tikāf except in the Friday prayer Masjid, so that he will have no need to leave his place of I'tikāf except to relieve himself and for his personal needs. This is because in their view, leaving it for other than his personal needs will sever his I'tikāf. This is the saying of Mālik and Ash-Shāfi'i. Ahmad said that he does not visit the sick nor follow the funeral based upon the Hadīth of 'Aishah. Ishāq said that if he makes it a condition then he can follow the funeral and visit the sick.

Arabic text

٨٠٥ - حَدَّثَنَا بِذَلِكَ ‌قُتَيْبَةُ، قَالَ: حَدَّثَنَا ‌اللَّيْثُ بْنُ سَعْدٍ ، عَنِ ‌ابْنِ شِهَابٍ ، عَنْ ‌عُرْوَةَ ‌وَعَمْرَةَ، عَنْ ‌عَائِشَةَ . وَالْعَمَلُ عَلَى هَذَا عِنْدَ أَهْلِ الْعِلْمِ؛ إِذَا اعْتَكَفَ الرَّجُلُ أَنْ لَا يَخْرُجَ مِنَ اعْتِكَافِهِ إِلَّا لِحَاجَةِ الْإِنْسَانِ، وَاجْتَمَعُوا عَلَى هَذَا؛ أَنَّهُ يَخْرُجُ لِقَضَاءِ حَاجَتِهِ لِلْغَائِطِ وَالْبَوْلِ. ثُمَّ اخْتَلَفَ أَهْلُ الْعِلْمِ فِي عِيَادَةِ الْمَرِيضِ وَشُهُودِ الْجُمُعَةِ وَالْجِنَازَةِ لِلْمُعْتَكِفِ، فَرَأَى بَعْضُ أَهْلِ الْعِلْمِ مِنْ أَصْحَابِ النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ وَغَيْرِهِمْ أَنْ يَعُودَ الْمَرِيضَ وَيُشَيِّعَ الْجِنَازَةَ وَيَشْهَدَ الْجُمُعَةَ إِذَا اشْتَرَطَ ذَلِكَ، وَهُوَ قَوْلُ سُفْيَانَ الثَّوْرِيِّ وَابْنِ الْمُبَارَكِ. وَقَالَ بَعْضُهُمْ: لَيْسَ لَهُ أَنْ يَفْعَلَ شَيْئًا مِنْ هَذَا، وَرَأَوْا لِلْمُعْتَكِفِ إِذَا كَانَ فِي مِصْرٍ يُجَمَّعُ فِيهِ أَنْ لَا يَعْتَكِفَ إِلَّا فِي مَسْجِدِ الْجَامِعِ؛ لِأَنَّهُمْ كَرِهُوا الْخُرُوجَ لَهُ مِنْ مُعْتَكَفِهِ إِلَى الْجُمُعَةِ، وَلَمْ يَرَوْا لَهُ أَنْ يَتْرُكَ الْجُمُعَةَ، فَقَالُوا: لَا يَعْتَكِفُ إِلَّا فِي مَسْجِدِ الْجَامِعِ حَتَّى لَا يَحْتَاجَ أَنْ يَخْرُجَ مِنْ مُعْتَكَفِهِ لِغَيْرِ قَضَاءِ حَاجَةِ الْإِنْسَانِ؛ لِأَنَّ خُرُوجَهُ لِغَيْرِ حَاجَةِ الْإِنْسَانِ قَطْعٌ عِنْدَهُمْ لِلِاعْتِكَافِ - هُوَ قَوْلُ مَالِكٍ وَالشَّافِعِيِّ. وَقَالَ أَحْمَدُ: لَا يَعُودُ الْمَرِيضَ وَلَا يَتْبَعُ الْجِنَازَةَ عَلَى حَدِيثِ عَائِشَةَ. وَقَالَ إِسْحَاقُ: إِنِ اشْتَرَطَ ذَلِكَ فَلَهُ أَنْ يَتْبَعَ الْجِنَازَةَ وَيَعُودَ الْمَرِيضَ.

English translation

806. Abū Dharr narrated: "We fasted with the Prophet ﷺ, so he did not pray (the night prayer) with us until seven (nights) of the month remained. Then he ﷺ led us in prayer until a third of the night had gone, then he did not lead us in prayer on the sixth. Then he led us in prayer on the fifth until half of the night had gone. We said to him: 'O Messenger of Allāh! Wouldn't you lead us in prayer for the remainder of the night?' He said: 'Indeed, whoever stands (praying) with the Imām until he finishes, then it is recorded for him that he prayed the whole night.' Then he did not lead us in prayer until three (nights) of the month remained. Then he led us in prayer on the third and he called his family and his women to pray with us until we feared missing the Falāh." I (Jubair bin Nufair) said to him: "What is the Falāh?" He said: "The Suhūr." (Ṣaḥīḥ) Abū 'Eisā said: This Hadīth is Ḥasan Ṣaḥīḥ. The people of knowledge differ over the night prayer of Ramaḍān. Some of them thought that it is to be prayed in forty-one Rak'ah with Witr. This is the view of the people of Al-Madinah, and this is what is acted upon by them in Al-Madinah. Most of the people of knowledge follow what is reported from 'Ali, 'Umar, and others among the Companions of the Prophet ﷺ that it is twenty Rak'ah. This is the saying of Sufyān Ath-Thawrī, Ibn Al-Mubārak and Ash-Shāfī'i. Ash-Shāfī'i said: "This is what I see in our land in Makkah; they pray twenty Rak'ah." Aḥmad said: "There is a variety reported about this." He did not judge according to any of them. Ishāq said: "Rather we prefer forty-one Rak'ah according to what has been reported from Ubayy bin Ka'b." Ibn Al-Mubārak, Aḥmad and Ishāq preferred that one perform the Ṣalāt with the Imām during the month of Ramaḍān. Ash-Shāfi'i preferred that he pray alone if he is a Qārī. (There are narrations on this topic from 'Aīshah, An-Nu'mān bin Bashīr, and Ibn 'Abbās.)

Arabic text

٨٠٦ - حَدَّثَنَا ‌هَنَّادٌ، قَالَ: حَدَّثَنَا ‌مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ الْفُضَيْلِ ، عَنْ ‌دَاوُدَ بْنِ أَبِي هِنْدٍ، عَنِ ‌الْوَلِيدِ بْنِ عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ الْجُرَشِيِّ ، عَنْ ‌جُبَيْرِ بْنِ نُفَيْرٍ ، عَنْ ‌أَبِي ذَرٍّ قَالَ: «صُمْنَا مَعَ رَسُولِ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ، فَلَمْ يُصَلِّ بِنَا حَتَّى بَقِيَ سَبْعٌ مِنَ الشَّهْرِ»، فَقَامَ بِنَا حَتَّى ذَهَبَ ثُلُثُ اللَّيْلِ، ثُمَّ لَمْ يَقُمْ بِنَا فِي السَّادِسَةِ، وَقَامَ بِنَا فِي الْخَامِسَةِ حَتَّى ذَهَبَ شَطْرُ اللَّيْلِ، فَقُلْنَا لَهُ: يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ، لَوْ نَفَّلْتَنَا بَقِيَّةَ لَيْلَتِنَا هَذِهِ؟ فَقَالَ: إِنَّهُ مَنْ قَامَ مَعَ الْإِمَامِ حَتَّى يَنْصَرِفَ كُتِبَ لَهُ قِيَامُ لَيْلَةٍ، ثُمَّ لَمْ يُصَلِّ بِنَا حَتَّى بَقِيَ ثَلَاثٌ مِنَ الشَّهْرِ، وَصَلَّى بِنَا فِي الثَّالِثَةِ، وَدَعَا أَهْلَهُ وَنِسَاءَهُ، فَقَامَ بِنَا حَتَّى تَخَوَّفْنَا الْفَلَاحَ. قُلْتُ لَهُ: وَمَا الْفَلَاحُ؟ قَالَ: السُّحُورُ. هَذَا حَدِيثٌ حَسَنٌ صَحِيحٌ. وَاخْتَلَفَ أَهْلُ الْعِلْمِ فِي قِيَامِ رَمَضَانَ؛ فَرَأَى بَعْضُهُمْ أَنْ يُصَلِّيَ إِحْدَى وَأَرْبَعِينَ رَكْعَةً مَعَ الْوِتْرِ، وَهُوَ قَوْلُ أَهْلِ الْمَدِينَةِ، وَالْعَمَلُ عَلَى هَذَا عِنْدَهُمْ بِالْمَدِينَةِ. وَأَكْثَرُ أَهْلِ الْعِلْمِ عَلَى مَا رُوِيَ عَنْ عُمَرَ وَعَلِيٍّ وَغَيْرِهِمَا مِنْ أَصْحَابِ النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ عِشْرِينَ رَكْعَةً، وَهُوَ قَوْلُ الثَّوْرِيِّ وَابْنِ الْمُبَارَكِ وَالشَّافِعِيِّ. وَقَالَ الشَّافِعِيُّ: وَهَكَذَا أَدْرَكْتُ بِبَلَدِنَا بِمَكَّةَ يُصَلُّونَ عِشْرِينَ رَكْعَةً. وَقَالَ أَحْمَدُ: رُوِيَ فِي هَذَا أَلْوَانٌ، وَلَمْ يُقْضَ فِيهِ بِشَيْءٍ. وَقَالَ إِسْحَاقُ: بَلْ نَخْتَارُ إِحْدَى وَأَرْبَعِينَ رَكْعَةً عَلَى مَا رُوِيَ عَنْ أُبَيِّ بْنِ كَعْبٍ. وَاخْتَارَ ابْنُ الْمُبَارَكِ وَأَحْمَدُ وَإِسْحَاقُ الصَّلَاةَ مَعَ الْإِمَامِ فِي شَهْرِ رَمَضَانَ، وَاخْتَارَ الشَّافِعِيُّ أَنْ يُصَلِّيَ الرَّجُلُ وَحْدَهُ إِذَا كَانَ قَارِئًا. وَفِي الْبَابِ عَنْ عَائِشَةَ وَالنُّعْمَانِ بْنِ بَشِيرٍ وَابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ.

English translation

807. Zaid bin Khālid Al-Juhānī narrated that the Messenger of Allāh ﷺ said: "Whoever provides the food for a fasting person to break his fast with, then for him is the same reward as his (the fasting person's), without anything being diminished from the reward of the fasting person." (Sahīh) Abū 'Eisā said: This Hadīth is Ḥasan Ṣaḥīḥ. قَالَ أَبُو عِيسَى: هَذَا حَدِيثٌ حَسَنٌ صَحِيحٌ.

Arabic text

٨٠٧ - حَدَّثَنَا ‌هَنَّادٌ، قَالَ: حَدَّثَنَا ‌عَبْدُ الرَّحِيمِ بْنُ سُلَيْمَانَ ، عَنْ ‌عَبْدِ الْمَلِكِ بْنِ أَبِي سُلَيْمَانَ ، عَنْ ‌عَطَاءٍ ، عَنْ ‌زَيْدِ بْنِ خَالِدٍ الْجُهَنِيِّ قَالَ: قَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ: «مَنْ فَطَّرَ صَائِمًا كَانَ لَهُ مِثْلُ أَجْرِهِ»، غَيْرَ أَنَّهُ لَا يَنْقُصُ مِنْ أَجْرِ الصَّائِمِ شَيْئًا. هَذَا حَدِيثٌ حَسَنٌ صَحِيحٌ.

English translation

808. Abū Hurairah narrated: "The Messenger of Allāh ﷺ would encourage the night prayer in Ramaḍān without firmly ordering it, and he would say: 'Whoever stands (in the night prayer) for Ramaḍān with faith and seeking the reward (from Allāh), then he will be forgiven what has preceded of his sins.' So the Messenger of Allāh ﷺ died and the matter was like that. Then the matter was the same during the Khilāfah of Abū Bakr and it continued during a portion of the Khilāfah of 'Umar bin Al-Khaṭṭāb." (Ṣaḥīḥ) There are narrations on this topic from 'Āishah. This Hadīth has also been reported from Az-Zuhri, from 'Urwah, from 'Āishah, from the Prophet ﷺ. (Abū 'Eisā said: This Hadīth is Ḥasan Ṣaḥīḥ.)

Arabic text

٨٠٨ - حَدَّثَنَا ‌عَبْدُ بْنُ حُمَيْدٍ، قَالَ: حَدَّثَنَا ‌عَبْدُ الرَّزَّاقِ، قَالَ: أَخْبَرَنَا ‌مَعْمَرٌ ، عَنِ ‌الزُّهْرِيِّ، عَنْ ‌أَبِي سَلَمَةَ ، عَنْ ‌أَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ قَالَ: «كَانَ رَسُولُ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ يُرَغِّبُ فِي قِيَامِ رَمَضَانَ مِنْ غَيْرِ أَنْ يَأْمُرَهُمْ بِعَزِيمَةٍ، وَيَقُولُ: مَنْ قَامَ رَمَضَانَ إِيمَانًا وَاحْتِسَابًا» غُفِرَ لَهُ مَا تَقَدَّمَ مِنْ ذَنْبِهِ. فَتُوُفِّيَ رَسُولُ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ وَالْأَمْرُ عَلَى ذَلِكَ، ثُمَّ كَانَ الْأَمْرُ كَذَلِكَ فِي خِلَافَةِ أَبِي بَكْرٍ وَصَدْرًا مِنْ خِلَافَةِ عُمَرَ عَلَى ذَلِكَ. وَفِي الْبَابِ عَنْ عَائِشَةَ. وَقَدْ رُوِيَ هَذَا الْحَدِيثُ أَيْضًا عَنِ الزُّهْرِيِّ عَنْ عُرْوَةَ عَنْ عَائِشَةَ. هَذَا حَدِيثٌ حَسَنٌ صَحِيحٌ.